在学习英语词汇中，有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的，我们一般从三方面进行区分，即：语法、语义和文体。语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分;语义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分;文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。

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　　picture: The most general one.

　　painting: pictures with color.

　　drawing: A picture made with a pen, pencil and crayon. Sketch, diagrams

　　and graphs are all drawings.

　　sketch: A rough not detailed drawing.

　　diagram: A drawing, figure that shows the arrangement of something.

　　graph: A diagram in which a straight line, curved, or zigzag line shows

　　how two sets of numbers or measurements are related.

　　illustration: A picture to go with words of a book.

　　draft: The first rough written form of anything.

　　plan: A line drawing of a building as it might been seen from above.

　　elevation: A flat upright side of a building.

　　chart: A map esp. a detailed map of a sea area.