自选训练（7）附答案

　　社会生活类阅读理解

　　Celebrity(名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption(消费) on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.

　　Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.

　　However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the product’s origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the initial(最初的) attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty(忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels.

　　Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s (自我的) potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to the conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion—like celebrity—has always been temporary.

　　1. Fashion magazines today　.　

　　A. seldom put models on the cover

　　B. no longer put models on the cover

　　C. need not worry about celebrities’ market potential

　　D. judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly

　　2. A change in the consumer market can be found today that　.　

　　A. price rather than brand name is more concerned

　　B. producers prefer models to celebrities for advertisements

　　C. producers prefer TV actresses to film stars for advertisements

　　D. quality rather than the outside of products is more concerned

　　3. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly　.　

　　A. decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his products

　　B. damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general public

　　C. cut short the artistic career of a celebrity in show business

　　D. influence the price of a celebrity’s products

　　4. The passage is mainly about　.　

　　A. celebrity and personal style

　　B. celebrity and market potential

　　C. celebrity and fashion design

　　D. celebrity and clothing industry

　　【参考答案】49.1-4 ADAB　

　　[史地自然型阅读理解(一)]-----(一)

　　The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.

　　For thousands of years，Polynesian people lived in the remote island of Nauru，far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island.

　　However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.The whaling ships and other traders began to visit，bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A tenyear civil war started，which reduced the population from 1，400 to 900.

　　Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐)on the island.In fact，it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate，which was a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate.

　　A phosphate mine was not a hole in the ground；it was a strip mine.When a company stripmined，it removed the top layer of soil.Then it took away the material it wanted.Strip mining totally destroyed the land.Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.

　　In 1968，Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.

　　Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000，Nauru was financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately$433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.

　　1．What might be the author's purpose in writing the text?

　　A．To seek help for Nauru's problems.

　　B．To give a warning to other countries.

　　C．To show the importance of money.

　　D．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.

　　2．What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?

　　A．Rich and powerful.

　　B．Modern and open.

　　C．Peaceful and attractive.

　　D．Greedy and aggressive.

　　3．The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from________．

　　A．soil pollution

　　B．phosphate overmining

　　C．farming activity

　　D．whale hunting

　　4．Which of the following was a cause of Nauru's financial problem?

　　A．Its leaders misused the money.

　　B．It spent too much repairing the island.

　　C．Its phosphate mining cost much money.

　　D．It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.

　　5．What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?

　　A．The ecological damage is difficult to repair.

　　B．The leaders will take the experts' words seriously.

　　C．The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.

　　D．The phosphate mines were destroyed.

　　(一)

　　【要点综述】文章主要讲述了太平洋岛国瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛。

　　1．B　 写作意图题。由文章第一段的“Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.”可以看出，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选B项。

　　2. C　细节理解题。从第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛是attractive；由第二段第一句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小岛上，过着平静的生活。故选C项。

　　3．B　 细节理解题。由最后一段的“Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”可以得知“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐的过量开采”导致了生态灾难。故选B项。

　　4．A　 细节理解题。由最后一段的“Unfortunately，the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.”看出，是领导人不正确使用资金导致了财政问题。故选A项。

　　5．A　 推理判断题。文章最后告诉我们：Experts say that it would take approximately $433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.也就是说，瑙鲁岛上的生态损失弥补起来需要大量的资金和时间，即选项所说的“修复起来很难”。故选A项。

　　社会生活类

　　The global energy crisis is approaching. What can we do?Here are some steps you can take.

　　Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid (电网). Just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage,a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. Clean or replace filter monthly or as needed.

　　For central air conditioning systems and room air conditioners,look for the ENERGY STAR,the federal government’s symbol for energy efficiency. For central air,purchase the system with the highest possible Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratia(SEER).

　　Use energy-efficient ceiling fans either alone or with air conditioning. Ceiling fans do a great job of circulating air. When used with air conditioning,fans allow you to raise the thermostat (恒温器)and cut costs. Ceiling fans cool people,not rooms,so before you leave,turn off the ceiling fan.

　　Let a programmable thermostat “remember for you” to automatically adjust the indoor climate with your daily and weekend patterns to reduce cooling bills by up to 10 percent. You can come home to a comfortable house without wasting energy and creating pollution all day while you are at work.

　　Try to make your home airtight enough to increase your comfort,make your home quieter and cleaner and reduce your cooling costs up to 20 percent.

　　Cut your air conditioning load,and reduce pollution by planting leafy trees around your home and fixing reflective bricks on your roof.

　　Close blinds or shades on south-and west-facing windows during the day,or fix shading equipment to avoid heat build-up.

　　Turn off everything not in use:lights,TVs,computers. And use fluorescent bulbs (荧光灯),which provide bright,warm light while using at least two-thirds less energy,producing 70 percent less beat and lasting up to 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs (白炽灯).

　　Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. If you drive 12,500 miles a year,switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than $65 per year.

　　Carpool. The average U. S. commuter (乘车上班族) could save about $260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two other people in a car that gets 20. 1 mpg—assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas.

　　1. According to the passage,the thermostat is used to　.　

　　A. make rooms quieter

　　B. control room temperature

　　C. turn off the air conditioner

　　D. reduce room air pollution

　　2. We can conclude from the passage that the author probably discourages　.　

　　A. planting leafy trees around your home

　　B. turning off the ceiling fan before you leave your house

　　C. keeping your south-facing windows open during the day

　　D. using fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs

　　3. According to the passage,you can save fuel by　.　

　　A. using energy-efficient ceiling fans

　　B. sharing cars with others on workdays

　　C. turning off everything not in use

　　D. reducing 10% of your car trips every year

　　4. This passage is mainly about　.　

　　A. energy-saving tips　B. fuel-saving tips

　　C. do-it-yourself tips　D. environment-protecting tips

　　【参考答案】50.1-4 BCBA　

　　自选训练（7）附答案

　　社会生活类阅读理解

　　Celebrity(名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption(消费) on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.

　　Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.

　　However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the product’s origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the initial(最初的) attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty(忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels.

　　Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s (自我的) potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to the conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion—like celebrity—has always been temporary.

　　1. Fashion magazines today　.　

　　A. seldom put models on the cover

　　B. no longer put models on the cover

　　C. need not worry about celebrities’ market potential

　　D. judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly

　　2. A change in the consumer market can be found today that　.　

　　A. price rather than brand name is more concerned

　　B. producers prefer models to celebrities for advertisements

　　C. producers prefer TV actresses to film stars for advertisements

　　D. quality rather than the outside of products is more concerned

　　3. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly　.　

　　A. decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his products

　　B. damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general public

　　C. cut short the artistic career of a celebrity in show business

　　D. influence the price of a celebrity’s products

　　4. The passage is mainly about　.　

　　A. celebrity and personal style

　　B. celebrity and market potential

　　C. celebrity and fashion design

　　D. celebrity and clothing industry

　　【参考答案】49.1-4 ADAB　

　　[史地自然型阅读理解(一)]-----(一)

　　The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.

　　For thousands of years，Polynesian people lived in the remote island of Nauru，far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island.

　　However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.The whaling ships and other traders began to visit，bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A tenyear civil war started，which reduced the population from 1，400 to 900.

　　Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐)on the island.In fact，it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate，which was a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate.

　　A phosphate mine was not a hole in the ground；it was a strip mine.When a company stripmined，it removed the top layer of soil.Then it took away the material it wanted.Strip mining totally destroyed the land.Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.

　　In 1968，Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.

　　Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000，Nauru was financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately$433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.

　　1．What might be the author's purpose in writing the text?

　　A．To seek help for Nauru's problems.

　　B．To give a warning to other countries.

　　C．To show the importance of money.

　　D．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.

　　2．What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?

　　A．Rich and powerful.

　　B．Modern and open.

　　C．Peaceful and attractive.

　　D．Greedy and aggressive.

　　3．The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from________．

　　A．soil pollution

　　B．phosphate overmining

　　C．farming activity

　　D．whale hunting

　　4．Which of the following was a cause of Nauru's financial problem?

　　A．Its leaders misused the money.

　　B．It spent too much repairing the island.

　　C．Its phosphate mining cost much money.

　　D．It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.

　　5．What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?

　　A．The ecological damage is difficult to repair.

　　B．The leaders will take the experts' words seriously.

　　C．The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.

　　D．The phosphate mines were destroyed.

　　(一)

　　【要点综述】文章主要讲述了太平洋岛国瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛。

　　1．B　 写作意图题。由文章第一段的“Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.”可以看出，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选B项。

　　2. C　细节理解题。从第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛是attractive；由第二段第一句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小岛上，过着平静的生活。故选C项。

　　3．B　 细节理解题。由最后一段的“Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”可以得知“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐的过量开采”导致了生态灾难。故选B项。

　　4．A　 细节理解题。由最后一段的“Unfortunately，the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.”看出，是领导人不正确使用资金导致了财政问题。故选A项。

　　5．A　 推理判断题。文章最后告诉我们：Experts say that it would take approximately $433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.也就是说，瑙鲁岛上的生态损失弥补起来需要大量的资金和时间，即选项所说的“修复起来很难”。故选A项。

　　社会生活类

　　The global energy crisis is approaching. What can we do?Here are some steps you can take.

　　Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid (电网). Just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage,a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. Clean or replace filter monthly or as needed.

　　For central air conditioning systems and room air conditioners,look for the ENERGY STAR,the federal government’s symbol for energy efficiency. For central air,purchase the system with the highest possible Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratia(SEER).

　　Use energy-efficient ceiling fans either alone or with air conditioning. Ceiling fans do a great job of circulating air. When used with air conditioning,fans allow you to raise the thermostat (恒温器)and cut costs. Ceiling fans cool people,not rooms,so before you leave,turn off the ceiling fan.

　　Let a programmable thermostat “remember for you” to automatically adjust the indoor climate with your daily and weekend patterns to reduce cooling bills by up to 10 percent. You can come home to a comfortable house without wasting energy and creating pollution all day while you are at work.

　　Try to make your home airtight enough to increase your comfort,make your home quieter and cleaner and reduce your cooling costs up to 20 percent.

　　Cut your air conditioning load,and reduce pollution by planting leafy trees around your home and fixing reflective bricks on your roof.

　　Close blinds or shades on south-and west-facing windows during the day,or fix shading equipment to avoid heat build-up.

　　Turn off everything not in use:lights,TVs,computers. And use fluorescent bulbs (荧光灯),which provide bright,warm light while using at least two-thirds less energy,producing 70 percent less beat and lasting up to 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs (白炽灯).

　　Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. If you drive 12,500 miles a year,switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than $65 per year.

　　Carpool. The average U. S. commuter (乘车上班族) could save about $260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two other people in a car that gets 20. 1 mpg—assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas.

　　1. According to the passage,the thermostat is used to　.　

　　A. make rooms quieter

　　B. control room temperature

　　C. turn off the air conditioner

　　D. reduce room air pollution

　　2. We can conclude from the passage that the author probably discourages　.　

　　A. planting leafy trees around your home

　　B. turning off the ceiling fan before you leave your house

　　C. keeping your south-facing windows open during the day

　　D. using fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs

　　3. According to the passage,you can save fuel by　.　

　　A. using energy-efficient ceiling fans

　　B. sharing cars with others on workdays

　　C. turning off everything not in use

　　D. reducing 10% of your car trips every year

　　4. This passage is mainly about　.　

　　A. energy-saving tips　B. fuel-saving tips

　　C. do-it-yourself tips　D. environment-protecting tips

　　【参考答案】50.1-4 BCBA