Module 3

　　Adventure in Literature and the Cinema

　　Explanations for new words and phrases

　　1、have connection with与……有联系/有关联connection前可加a/some/much/(a)little/no等修饰词表不同含义，如与…有某种/一些/较多的/很少的/没有任何联系(关联)等。当询问“是一种什么样的关系”时，多用what进行提问。

　　[教材P21]　a story which has no connection with reality　 一个和现实毫无关联的故事

　　Does smoking have connection with his lung cancer?吸烟和他的肺癌有关系吗？

　　His illness must have some connection with his diet.

　　他的病想必与他的饮食有关。

　　have a wide connection with the press.

　　他与资讯界有广泛的联系。

　　What connection do you have with those shipping companies? 与那些船运公司有着什么往来关系？

　　拓展in connection with 关于，与…有关系be connected with 与…有联系have something to do with 与…有关系be related to 与…有关系be involved in 与…有牵连I am writing to you in connection with your job application. 此信是有关你求职一事的。

　　Your cough is connected with your bathing with cool water. 咳嗽与你用凉水洗澡有关。This broken vase has nothing to do with me, but it just might have something to do with Susan.

　　爸爸，这个打破的花瓶跟我不相干，不过可能和苏珊有关系。素质有关。

　　People's understanding of the rule of law is related to their educational level. 法制观念与人们的文化

　　solve： vt. 解决。宾语多为problem，difficulty，conflict，dispute等词。The government is trying to solve the problem of pollution. 政府正在解决污染问题。

　　Each student should help each other to solve the difficulties in life and learning.

　　同学之间应该互相帮助，共同解决在生活中和学习中遇到的困难。

　　拓展 solution：n. 解决办法；处理手段

　　a solution to sth.： 解决…的办法There’s no easy solution to this problem. 解决这个问题没有容易的方法。的办法。

　　It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem. 也许要花很长时间才能找到解决这个问题

　　辨析answer：回答，解答用于对口头问题的解答，后常接question。

　　solve解决问题，侧重的是给出一个答案。 常跟的宾语有：problem，mystery，puzzle，difficulty等。

　　settle表“解决”时，其对象通常是某种争端。 其宾语常是：argument，quarrel，matter等。

　　Help me to slove my financial troubles.As far as we’re concerned, the matter is settled.

　　Do you think he will answer your question?

　　3、account：

　　同练P54-3

　　1) n. 叙述；描写；报道；账目单；账户a true account of the past对过去的真实描述短语give sb.an account of 向某人描述by/from all accounts据说，据报道on account of 因为，由于on all accounts == on every account 总之无论如何on no account 决不(句首时句子要倒)take...into account把…考虑在内take no account of对…不予考虑不重视open an account开户头The policeman gave an account of the traffic accident. 警察叙述了交通事故的经过。

　　There were several different accounts of the story in the newspapers.报上对此事有几种不同的说法。

　　I have never been therebut it is by all accounts a lovely place. 从没去过那地方说那地方很好。

　　We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather. 天气不好，我们把启程的时间推迟了。

　　On no account should you lose heart. 你决不应该失去信心。

　　When judging his performancedon’t take his age into account. 评定他的表现时，不必考虑他的年龄。He has an account with the Bank of China. 他在中国银行有账户。

　　My salary is paid directly into my bank account. 我的工资直接存入我的银行账户。

　　2) vi. 把...视为解释说明；占(一定数量或比例)account for 解释说明；占(比例等)He was accounted a first-rate actor. 他被认为是一流演员。

　　Can you account for your absence last Friday?

　　你能解释一下上周五你为什么缺勤吗？

　　He could not account for his absence from school. 他无法说清楚为什么旷课。事故占了20.5%。

　　Accidents involving two women drivers account for 20.5 percent of all crashes. 两个女司机相撞的

　　run away：(秘密地)逃跑，逃离；突然离开动副结构跟宾语时要加from。[教材P21]　Huck is a teenage boy who has run away from home.

　　哈克是一个离家出走的少年。

　　When he got back home he apologized and promised that he would never run away again.

　　他回家以后，表示道歉，并且保证以后再也不跑了。常用短语run away from some place 突然离开(某地)；逃离(某地)run away from sth.逃避/回避某事。

　　He broke the window and ran away. 他打破窗户逃跑了。

　　He ran away from the prison though the enemy watched carefully. 尽管敌人看管得很紧他还是从

　　You can’t just run away from the situation. 这事你不能只是回避。监狱里逃跑了。

　　拓展run after 追赶追求

　　run across＝run into (sb.) 偶遇run into 偶遇；撞上run out (指供应品)用完；耗尽run out of (人)用完耗尽(供应品)

　　He ran after her, calling her name. 他叫着她的名字追赶她。

　　I ran across my old friend Joan in Paris last week. 上周我在巴黎遇见了老朋友琼。

　　I ran into an old schoolfriend at the supermarket this morning. 今天早上我在超市碰见了一个老校友。

　　Do your homework before you run out of time. 在你还有时间时做你的家庭作业吧。

　　O汽油快用完了。We are running out of petrol. 我们的汽油快用完了。

　　倾倒涌出It was pouring all night. 整夜下着倾盆大雨。She poured a glass of water. 她倒了一杯水。He poured me a cup of tea. 他给我倒了一杯茶。

　　After the meeting the people poured out in crowds. 散会后人们成群地涌出来。The chimney was pouring out black smoke. 烟囱里冒出滚滚黑烟。

　　6、遮蔽避难所庇护所 vt./vi. 掩蔽庇护保护躲避避难Trees are a shelter from the sun. 树木可以遮挡阳光。

　　We took shelter from the rain in a cave. 我们在一个山洞里避雨。We sheltered under a tree until the shower passed. 我们在树下躲雨, 直到雨过天晴He sheltered himself behind a hedge. 他躲在树篱后面。7、用桨划小船短桨They paddled down the river in a canoe /k?′nu:/?. 他们坐在独木舟上向下游划去。Paddles are used to propel /pr?′pel/ canoes. 短桨用于划独木舟。

　　lie：1) vi. 说谎；撒谎过去式和过去分词都是liedlie to sb. 向某人说谎

　　You could see from his face that he was lying. 从他的表情上你可以看出他在说谎。

　　He was fired because he lied to his boss. 他因为对老板说谎被开除了。

　　More than 8 in 10 students said they had lied to a parent. 10名学生中就有8名以上承认对家长撒过谎。

　　2) n. [C] 撒谎谎言tell a lie / lies。 big lie弥天大谎white lie善意谎言tell the truth讲实话。His story is nothing but a pack of lies.

　　他说的纯粹是一堆谎言。

　　I always know when he’s telling lies. 他说谎话的时候我总是能知道。lie还有“躺卧位于”意。lie on one‘s back / side / stomach仰卧/侧卧/俯卧lie down躺下屈服lie in/ on /to在于位于在某范围之内lie on/upon依靠全凭He broke his leg and had to lie all the time. 他折断了腿, 不得不总是躺着。有个小镇。The town lies on the coast.该城镇位于海边。 There lies a small town at the foot of the mountain.山脚

　　The solution lies in alternative sources of power. 解决的方案在于找到替代能源。It lies on him to support his family. 赡养家庭是他的责任。

　　lay：vt/vi. 下蛋产卵搁置放置。The duck laid ten eggs this month. 这只鸭子本月下了十个蛋The hens don't lay during this cold weather. 这样冷的天气母鸡不会下蛋。He laid his coat over a chair. 他把外衣放在椅子上。

　　The little boy lying on the ground lied that his cock laid an egg. 躺地的小孩撒谎说他的公鸡下了一个蛋。撒谎lie-lied-lied-lying

　　躺卧位于lie-lay-lain-lying

　　产蛋放置lay-laid-laid-laying

　　9、panic：vt.(使)恐慌；(使)惊慌失措

　　panicked, panicked, panicking.

　　同练P61-8

　　[教材P22] When he heard these wordsJim panicked and ran to the raft.听到这些话时他惊慌了并跑向木筏。

　　The thunder panicked the horse.

　　雷声使马受惊了。

　　panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人(因惊惶)仓促做某事

　　We will not be panicked into making a decision in haste. 我们不会惊慌失措地草率作出决定。

　　n. 惊慌；恐慌。 get into a panic陷入恐慌

　　be in (a) panic 在恐慌中I got into a panic when I found the door was locked. 我发觉门锁上了，十分惊慌。

　　The crowd ran out in a panic. 群众惊慌失措地跑出去。

　　In paniche began to throw water on the burning pan of oil.

　　慌乱中，他开始用水浇起火的油锅。

　　curious： adj. 好奇的，奇特的，求知欲强的

　　[教材P22]　But although I was frightenedI also felt very curious, so I put my head round the door.

　　而尽管我很害怕，但还是感到十分好奇，于是就把头凑向了那扇门。

　　be curious about sth.对…好奇be curious＋wh从句be curious to do sth.渴望做；因好奇而想做某事curiosity： n. 好奇，好奇心

　　be full of curiosity充满好奇心out of curiosity 出于好奇

　　Children are naturally curious about everything around them. 孩子然会对周围每件事感到好奇。

　　I’m curious whether he passed the exam. 我急切地想知道他是否通过了考试。

　　A student should always be curious to learn. 学生应该始终具有强烈的求知欲。烈的好奇。

　　Such words you may imagine, strongly excited my curiosity. 你可想象得到，番言词激起了我强

　　I’m full of curiosity about our new house. 我对我们的新家充满了好奇。

　　The boy pressed that button out of curiosity. 那个男孩出于好奇按了按那个按钮。

　　辨析curious强调好奇心态；anxious侧重“忧虑”；eager作“渴望的热切的”讲，强调一种积极向上的心态。I love those who know when it’s time to be serious and when it’s time not to be even it is an anxious time. As for me, I am curious about almost everything and always eager to learn.

　　我爱那些知道什么时候应该严肃认真，什么时候应该保持清醒头脑(即使是在焦虑状态下)的人，而我自己，则对几乎任何事情都心怀好奇，并随时渴望着去学习。

　　系, 拴, 绑n. 领带领结关系联系He tied the parcel.他捆上包裹。This is a rope too heavy to tie.这是一根重得不能打结的绳子。

　　Her long hair was tied back in a bow. 她的长发用一个蝴蝶结扎在后面。He always wears a shirt and tie. 他总是穿衬衫打领带。They have ties with an American corporation. 他们与美国一家公司有关系。fright： n. 恐惧，害怕

　　[教材P23]　“He sounds as if he's going to die of fright！” I thought. “I have to find a way to save him！” “听起来他就要吓死了，”我想，“我得设法去救他。”

　　I used to suffer from stage fright before I gave a lecture.

　　我过去在作演讲前经常怯场。

　　He cried out in fright as the dark figure approached.

　　那个黑影向他逼近，他吓得叫了出来。

　　The loud thunder gave me a fright.

　　这声响雷吓了我一大跳frighten：vt.使害怕frightened：adj.恐惧的frightening：adj.令人害怕/恐惧的。

　　爬行匍匐前进; 徐缓而行They crawled from under the table. 他们从桌底爬过来。We learn to crawl before we learn to walk. 我们学会走路之前先要学会爬。A tiny spider was crawling up his arm. 一只小蜘蛛慢慢爬上的胳膊。很害怕的,极度惊慌的,吓坏了的He is terrified of spiders.他很怕蜘蛛。He looked so terrified I thought he’d seen a ghost.

　　他看上去如此害怕,我以为他看见鬼了。We heard a scream from the terrified girl.

　　我们听见那个受惊的女孩发出一声尖叫。terrifying：adj. 可怕的The most terrifying aspect of nuclear bombing is radiation. 核轰炸最可怕的方面是核辐射。使恐怖惊吓, 恐吓= frighten

　　That sort of thing terrifies people. 那样的事令人感到恐怖terror： n. 恐怖惊骇恐怖活动The government rules by terror. 那个政府实行恐怖统治。a terror of darkness.对黑暗的恐惧people fled in terror.人们惊恐地逃走。

　　15、play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人，对某人恶作剧 [教材P24]He particularly enjoyed playing a trick on the three men. 他特别喜欢捉弄这三个人。

　　If the children don't get a treat，they will play a trick on the people. 如得不到招待，将开这人的玩笑。

　　It's bad manners to play a trick on the disabled.

　　捉弄残疾人是没有礼貌的。

　　play a joke on sb.跟开玩笑 make fun of sb.取笑某人 make a fool of sb.愚弄某人 laugh at sb.嘲笑某人I cannot bear to be made a fool of. 我无法忍受被人愚弄。

　　Sometimes the boys would play a joke on their teacher. 有时孩子们常要对他们的老师开个玩笑。

　　He put on a lot of weight and this gave the kids something more to make fun of him.

　　他的体重大增，而这又给了孩子们更多可以用来取笑他的话题。

　　make up: 动词短语，本句中意“编造(故事)”，此处还有“组成占比例化妆铺床和好和解”等意。

　　I couldn’t remember a story to tell the children，so I made one up as I went along.

　　我想不出什么故事可讲给孩子们听，只好现编现讲。医疗队由十二名医生组成。

　　Twelve doctors make up the medical team.＝The medical team was made up of twelve doctors.

　　Farm workers make up only a small section of the population. 农民只占人口的一小部分。

　　She spent an hour making (herself) up before the party. 她在聚会前化妆用了一个小时。

　　We made up the bed in the spare room for our guest. 我们在空着的房间里给客人铺好床。

　　They had an argument，but they have already made up. 他们有过争执，不过现在他们已和解了。

　　拓展make up for弥补Saturday to make up for the lost time. 周六我们全天工作，来弥补失去的时间。We worked all day Nothing can make up for the loss of a child. 孩子的遗失是不可弥补的损失。复习： make A into B把A变成B; be made from由…制成(不见原材料，如酒);

　　be made into (＋成品)制成;be made of由…制成(可见到原材料，如门窗);