2024四川青神县高考英语阅读理解二轮选练（4）

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　You can't always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn't think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That's why he created Lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rain－sensing umbrella.

　　The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(伞篷)built into a street lamp，” he said.

　　The Lampbrella is a standard－looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built－in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors(传感器)then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.

　　In addition to the rain sensor, there's also a 360° motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella.After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.

　　According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians. Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike. Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed(安装) at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.

　　While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into production, Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department, and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.

　　66. For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lampbrella?

　　A. To predict a heavy rain.

　　B. To check the weather forecast.

　　C. To protect people from the rain.

　　D. To remind people to take an umbrella.

　　67．What do we know from Belyaev's words in Paragraph 2?

　　A. His creation was inspired by an experience.

　　B. It rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg.

　　C. Street lamps are protected by canopies.

　　D. He enjoyed taking walks in the rain.

　　68．Which of the following shows how the Lampbrella works?

　　A. motor→canopy→sensors

　　B. sensors→motor→canopy

　　C. motor→sensors→canopy

　　D. canopy→motor→sensors

　　69．What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella?

　　A. Its moving speed.

　　B. Its appearance.

　　C. Its installation.

　　D. Its safety.

　　70．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

　　A. The designer will open a company to promote his product.

　　B. The Lampbrella could be put into immediate production.

　　C. The designer is confident that his creation is practical.

　　D. The Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow.

　　【要点综述】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍设计师Mikhail Belyaev设计的Lampbrella，它能给街道上的人们遮雨。虽然这一设计还没有实施，但是Mikhail Belyaev却对自己的设计很自信。

　　66．C　考查细节理解。从第一段的“But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn't think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That's why he created Lampbrella…”可知Mikhail Belyaev设计Lampbrella是为了给街道上的人们遮雨的。

　　67．A　考查推理判断。从Mikhail Belyaev 说的话“I was driving…and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy built into a street lamp.”可知，他的创意灵感来自他的一次生活体验。故选A。

　　68．B　考查细节理解。从第三段的内容可找到答案，Lampbrella工作的过程是先通过传感器(sensors)，传到发动机(motor)，再到伞篷(canopy)打开。故选B。

　　69．D　考查主旨大意。从本段的“so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians”和“Being installed at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians”可知该段是讲Lampbrella的安全性。

　　70．C　考查推理判断。从本段Mikhail Belyaev说的话看出他对自己的设计很自信。故选C。

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　[2024·模拟题]

　　Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.

　　Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩)and pumping blood around their bodies，compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed.Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.

　　Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”

　　The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed.Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see—and guide whether we see fear.”

　　To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪)to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.

　　“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，” Dr Garfinkel said.

　　“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders，and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”

　　47．What is the finding of the study?

　　A. One's heart affects how he feels fear.

　　B. Fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat.

　　C. Fear has something to do with one's health.

　　D. One's fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.

　　48．The study was carried out by analyzing

　　________.

　　A. volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures

　　B. the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions

　　C. volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans

　　D. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart－brain communication

　　49．Which of the following is closest in meaning to “mechanism” in Paragraph 6?

　　A. Order.

　　B. System.

　　C. Machine.

　　D. Treatment.

　　50．This study may contribute to

　　________．

　　A. treating anxiety and stress better

　　B. explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety

　　C. finding the key to the heart－brain communication

　　D. understanding different fears in our hearts and heads

　　【要点综述】 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了人的恐惧与心脏和大脑的关系。

　　47．A　细节理解题。根据第四段 “The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed.Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see—and guide whether we see fear.” 可知一个人的心脏影响一个人的恐惧程度。故选A。

　　48．C　细节理解题。根据第四段“The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.”以及第五段“To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪)to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.”可知选C。

　　49．B　词义猜测题。根据第六段“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear”可知，我们已经发现了一个重要的机制，使心脏和大脑“对话”，以此来改变我们的感情和减少恐惧。故选B。

　　50．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“…we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”可推出选A。

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　You need to be of a certain age to understand why so many people in Hollywood are caring about the possible closing down of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (米高梅电影公司)．For the past 40 years, its output has been good, but now it is on the ropes, with debts of $ 3.7 billion and will have to sell off its most valuable assets (资产).

　　In its golden time, MGM stood for something．If Warner Brothers meant social dramas and gangster movies, and Disney meant cartoon films, then MGM was healthy fantasy．This business model found its most glorious expression in its musicals (音乐剧) of the post-war era．It also featured such many famous stars as Fred Astaire, Frank Sinatra, Gene Kelly and Judy Garland.

　　But MGM had always put its hopes on the quality of stars it could attract．From the time MGM became a company in 1924, the studio and his associate proved themselves good at creating big names.

　　For 35 years, this worked well enough, but the growing power of television disturbed Hollywood．MGM continued to throw money into making gorgeous-looking musicals, but despite some big successes audiences gradually started to drift away．Throughout the sHow far MGM has fallen can be shown by its recent releases．This was a studio that for years offered a reliable supply of first-class films．Yet last year its total output was three．To make it worse, all were co-produced with other studios．And this year? Only one so far, and maybe the last.

　　What now? MGM will probably be sold, though recent buyers have been cautious about a price thought to be around $ 2 billion.

　　1. MGM is becoming the focus in Hollywood because it _______．

　　Aas more supporters

　　B. has produced good films

　　C. might be closed down

　　D. has lost all its assets

　　2. What can we learn about MGM from the text?

　　A. It has been sold out for around $ 2 billion.

　　B. The Internet was a factor causing its decline.

　　C. It only produced three films by itself last year.

　　D. It made a wrong decision for its development.

　　3. What's the main idea of the text?

　　A. The past glories of MGM．

　　B. The musicals made by MGM.

　　C. The decline of MGM．

　　D. A historical decision by MGM.

　　【参考答案】1—3、CDC

　　1—4、CDDA

　　1—4、BDCD

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　As the new semester begins, millions of college students across the country are trying hard to remember how best to write a paper or, more likely, how best to delay that paper.

　　Procrastination is the thief of time and a lot of students suffer from it. They can spend whole days in the library doing nothing but staring into space, eating snacks, surfing the Internet, watching videos and looking at other students sitting around them, who, most likely, are doing nothing either.

　　Paralyzed by their habit to procrastinate, they write micro blogs about their fears, asking their online friends if they sometimes have the same issue. But this does nothing to break the spell(魔咒).

　　According to a recent report, 95 percent of us procrastinate at some point and 20 percent of the world’s population are always procrastinating. The figures are disappointing. Procrastinators are less wealthy, less healthy and less happy than those who don’t delay. Procrastinators like to find excuses " to justify their behavior, but BBC columnist Rowan Pelling says they are all wrong.

　　Many procrastinators tell themselves they are perfectionists who work best under pressure. Pelling says this is nonsense, as work done at the last minute is more likely to have mistakes than work done on time. The behavior of procrastinators often makes them feel ashamed, inconveniences others and annoys loved ones.

　　Pelling also points out that procrastination feels particularly delinquent(过失的）in a society that thinks of swift action as admirable, and, at times, even as a moral good.

　　Fortunately, social scientists have thrown their weight behind efforts to understand this behavioral mistake and offer strategies to control it. Piers Steel, a Canadian social scientist and author of The Procrastination Equation, believes human is “designed” to procrastinate. Nevertheless, he suggests a couple of good ways to get through the task at hand.

　　41. From the first two paragraphs we can learn that _____.

　　A. procrastination is beneficial to many students

　　B. many students are under great pressure in their study

　　C. lots of college students are working hard to write good articles on time

　　D. many students are getting into the habit of delaying finishing their tasks

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】Procrastination is the thief of time and a lot of students suffer from it.可知许多学生都有拖延完成任务的时间的习惯，故选D。

　　42. According to the passage, procrastination probably refers to _____.

　　A. a bad habit B. a serious illness C. a difficult task D. a form of entertainment

　　【答案】【解析】Procrastination is the thief of time and a lot of students suffer from it.Paralyzed by their habit to procrastinate,可知拖延是一种坏的习惯，故选A。

　　43. Which of the following statements is WRONG?

　　A. Procrastination makes people waste their time.

　　B. Procrastinators usually complete their tasks perfectly.

　　C. Swift action is considered as a moral standard in the society.

　　D. Procrastination is common among people.

　　【答案】【解析】Many procrastinators tell themselves they are perfectionists who work best under pressure. Pelling says this is nonsense, as work done at the last minute is more likely to have mistakes than work done on time.拖延时间完成作业有可能因为时间紧，会出现更多的错误，选项B叙述的是拖延时间有可能完成 工作更好，这与原文不符，故选B。

　　44. Which behavior belongs to procrastination?

　　A. Never dream away the time.

　　B. Always complete the tasks ahead of time.

　　C. Never put off till tomorrow what should be done today.

　　D. Always wait to work until the “good mood” or “good time”.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】Procrastination is the thief of time拖延时间就是开始有任务时不做，等到自己感觉有好心情了，有好时机了在做，故选D。

　　45. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

　　A. Measures to deal with procrastination.

　　B. Approaches to handling the study pressures.

　　C. More examples to illustrate procrastination.

　　D. Introduction to the book The Procrastination Equation.

　　【答案】【解析】Nevertheless, he suggests a couple of good ways to get through the task at hand.既然存在拖延时间的坏习惯，那么就应该采取措施处理这种坏习惯，故选A。