选修6 Unit 3（1）

　　Unit 3　A healthy life　

　　1．abuse(n.& vt.)滥用；虐待

　　2．ban(vt.)禁止；取缔

　　(n.)禁令；谴责

　　3．due(adj.)欠款的；预定的；到期的

　　4．quit(vt.)停止(做某事)；离开

　　5．effect(n.)结果；效力

　　6．desperate(adj.)绝望的；拼命的

　　7．awkward(adj.)局促不安的；笨拙的

　　8．stress(n.)压力；重音；(vt.)加压力于；使紧张→stressful (adj.)产生压力的；紧张的→stressed (adj.)焦虑不安的

　　9．adolescent(n.)青少年；(adj.)青春期的→adolescence(n.)青春期

　　10．addicted(adj.)入了迷的；上了瘾的→addiction(n.)沉溺；嗜好→addictive(adj.)使人上瘾的

　　11．accustom(vt.)使习惯于→accustomed(adj.)惯常的；习惯了的

　　12．automatic(adj.)无意识的；自动的→automatically(adv.)无意识地；自动地

　　13．mental(adj.)精神的；智力的→mentally(adv.)精神上；智力上→physical(反义词)身体的，肉体的

　　14．strengthen(vt.)加强；巩固；使坚强；(vi.)变强→strength(n.)力气，力量，强项

　　15．disappointed(adj.)失望的；沮丧的→disappointing(adj.)令人失望的→disappoint(vt.)使失望；使扫兴→disappointment(n.)失望；沮丧

　　16．ashamed(adj.)感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame(n.)羞愧→shameful(adj.)可耻的→shameless(adj.)无耻的，厚颜的

　　1．due_to由于……

　　2．be_accustomed_to习惯于……

　　3．feel_like_(doing)想要(做)……

　　4．take_risks/a_risk冒险

　　5．at_risk处境危险；遭受危险

　　6．be_addicted_to对……有瘾

　　7．decide_on对……作出决定

　　8．in_spite_of不顾；不管

　　9．get_into陷入；染上(坏习惯)

　　10．that_is也就是说

　　11．reach_out_for接触；够着

　　12．manage_to_do_sth.设法完成……

　　1．I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望这样，因为我想让你过上和我一样长寿而健康的生活。

　　名师指津：此句式为as＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋as...结构。

　　例句仿写：这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过着俭朴的生活。

　　The man hopes to live as_simple_a_life as his grandpa.

　　2．Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.

　　每次你想吸烟的时候，要提醒自己你是一个不吸烟的人。

　　名师指津：every time引导时间状语从句。

　　例句仿写：我每次见他，他总是随身带着他的笔记本电脑。

　　Every_time_I_meet_him，he always carries his notebook computer.

　　3．As you know，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.

　　你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。

　　名师指津：as引导定语从句，意为“正如，正像”。

　　例句仿写：正如多次强调的那样，学好英语对你们今后的职业发展非常重要。

　　As_has_been_stressed many times，learning English well is of great importance to your career development in future.

　　4．It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.

　　只有当一个人发展成艾滋病时，他才开始看上去有病。

　　名师指津：本句为强调句型。

　　例句仿写：我还记得三年前是在北京初次遇到你。

　　I still remember it_was_in_Beijing_that I first met you three years ago.

　　5．It is no good crying over spilt milk.

　　覆水难收。

　　名师指津：It is no good/use doing sth.做某事无用。

　　例句仿写：劝说他没用，他不会改变主意。

　　It_is_no_good/use_persuading him.He won’t change his mind.

　　stress n．重压，逼迫，压力；重音；重点；vt.加压力于；使紧张；重读

　　(2024·江西卷阅读表达)Fishing is relaxing and fun so it lessens stress.钓鱼是放松、快乐的，因此它可以缓解压力。

　　(1)under stress在压力之下

　　put sb.under great stress使某人感到沉重的压力

　　lay/put stress on sth.强调某事物

　　(2)stressed adj.焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的

　　(牛津P1997)Things can easily go wrong when people are_under_stress.人在压力之下，办事情容易出差错。

　　Cooperation or teamwork，the importance of which is often stressed，plays an important part in football matches.合作或协作，在足球比赛中起着重要作用，这一点经常被强调。

　　(2024·江苏书面表达)It is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.不念旧恶也是一种美德，尤其是在这样一个充满竞争和压力的社会里。

　　due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的

　　教材原句P18：I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.

　　我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。

　　(1)be due 预定/计(做)某事 (2)(be) due to sb.应支付/给予/归于某人

　　(3)because of因为(较口语化)

　　owing to因为(较正式)

　　thanks to因为；多亏了

　　as a result of因为

　　on account of由于

　　The water shortage is severe mainly due_to_global_warming，environmental pollution and the ever-increasing population.水资源严重短缺主要是由全球变暖、环境污染和人口持续增长造成的。Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.你或者你的一名学生要参加明天的会议。

　　Any money that is_due_to_you will be paid before the end of the month.欠你的钱将在月底之前全部支付给你。

　　Owing to our joint efforts，the task was finished ahead of time.

　　由于我们的共同努力，任务提前完成了。

　　effect n．结果；效力

　　教材原句P18：When I was young，I didn’t know much about the harmful effects of smoking.

　　在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。

　　(1)have an effect/influence on/upon

　　对……产生影响

　　come/go into effect生效

　　bring/carry/put...into effect实施；使生效/起作用

　　(2)effective adj.有效的；有影响的

　　(3)affect vt.影响

　　(2024·安徽卷)However，the accident had an unexpected side effect.然而，这次事故产生了让人始料未及的副作用。

　　They decided to bring_the_plan_into_effect as soon as possible.

　　他们决定尽快实施这项计划。

　　The new law will come into effect/take effect next month.

　　这项新法律下个月生效。

　　What parents say and do will affect their children deeply/will have_a_deep_effect_on their children.

　　父母的言行对孩子影响非常深刻。

　　accustomed adj.习惯的，惯常的

　　(2024·福建卷阅读理解)We’re accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things.

　　我们习惯于有把握地去做所有的事情。

　　(1)be accustomed to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事(表状态)

　　get/become accustomed to (doing) sth.

　　习惯于(做)某事(表不延续的动作)

　　(2)accustom vt.使习惯于

　　accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.

　　使某人/自己习惯于……

　　Accustomed_to_climbing the steep mountain，he had no difficulty reaching the top.习惯于爬陡峭的山，他毫无困难地爬上山顶。

　　(广东卷书面表达)He quickly got accustomed to the strong academic atmosphere and colorful activities in the college.

　　他很快适应了大学里的浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。

　　(朗文P15)It took a while for me to accustom_myself_to all the new rules and regulations.

　　我经过了一段时间后才适应了所有新的规章制度。

　　addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的

　　教材原句P18：You see，during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。

　　(1)be/become/get addicted to sth./doing sth.

　　沉溺于……；专心做……

　　(2)addict vt.使沉溺；使上瘾；n.有瘾的人

　　addict oneself to sth.沉溺于……

　　a work addict工作狂

　　(3)addiction n．癖好

　　Teenagers who are_addicted_to_the_Internet are more likely to suffer from depression.有网瘾的青少年更可能患忧郁症。

　　Her son addicted himself to smoking，which had a bad effect on his health.

　　她的儿子吸烟上瘾，这对他的健康有很坏的影响。

　　Addicted_to_playing computer games，the little boy has lost interest in his lessons.

　　迷恋于玩电脑游戏，这个小男孩对功课失去了兴趣。

　　ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的

　　教材原句P19：If you weaken and have a cigarette，do not feel ashamed.如果你因意志薄弱而又吸烟了，也不要觉得难为情。

　　(1)be/feel ashamed of因……感到惭愧

　　be ashamed to do sth.耻于做某事

　　feel/be ashamed for sb.替某人感到羞愧

　　(2) ……真让人遗憾

　　(3) 真可惜！

　　①I must admit to being ashamed for what had happened.

　　发生这样的事我应承认我感到惭愧。

　　②It’s_a_shame that you can’t stay with us.

　　你不能留下来和我们在一起太遗憾了。

　　③What a shame！She should fail this round.

　　真可惜！这一轮她竟然败下来了。

　　Ⅰ.完成句子

　　1．People__________________________(禁止吸烟) in many public places in England.

　　答案：　are banned from smoking

　　2．Some government officials in that country were arrested for________________________(滥用权力) to get benefit for themselves and their relatives.

　　答案：　abusing their power

　　3．By the way，we often feel discouraged，which________________(有很坏的影响) our study.

　　答案：　has a very bad effect on

　　4．I________________________(很惭愧) that I have not finished the task on time.

　　答案：　feel quite ashamed

　　5．We all agreed on an idea to____________________(加强合作) between our parties.

　　答案：　strengthen the cooperation

　　Ⅱ.单项填空

　　1．(2024·福建质量检测)—When is the next train arriving?

　　—It’s________at 7∶30.

　　A．due B．normal

　　C．straight D．convenient

　　解析：　考查形容词辨析。句意为：——下一班火车什么时候到？——预计是7∶30。due意为“预期，预计”。根据句意可知，选A项。

　　答案：　A

　　2．(2024·宁夏银川一中第四次考试)Often organized outdoors or at big venues________their popularity，music festivals provide one day or even several days of non-stop entertainment.

　　A．due to B．in spite of

　　C．in honor of D．apart from

　　解析：　考查介词短语辨析。句意为：因为受欢迎，音乐节经常在户外或大的场地举行，它们提供一天甚至几天不停的娱乐。due to由于；in spite of尽管；in honor of为了表示对……的崇敬；apart from除……之外。根据句意可知A项正确。

　　答案：　A

　　3．(2024·长沙市重点中学高三联考)Accustomed to________in the beautiful country，Bead found it difficult to live in the crowded city.

　　A．living B．live

　　C．having lived D．have lived

　　解析：　考查非谓语动词。be accustomed to doing sth.表示“习惯做某事”，其中to是介词，后面应用v.-ing形式，故选A项。

　　答案：　A

　　4．(2024·安徽芜湖市模拟)To our great surprise，the city girl became________to country life very quickly.

　　A．accessible B．devoted

　　C．accustomed D．involved

　　解析：　考查形容词辨析。句意为：令我们大为惊讶的是，那个城市女孩很快习惯了(accustomed)乡村生活。accessible易接近的，可进入的，可理解的；devoted献身的，忠诚的；involved有关的，卷入的，复杂的，均不符合语境。

　　答案：　C

　　5．(2024·四级英语)We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his son’s illness had put him under great________.

　　A．emotion B．excitement

　　C．crisis D．stress

　　解析：　句意为：我们原谅了他的坏脾气，因为我们知道他儿子的病使他受到很大的压力。put sb.under (great) stress使某人处境(非常)紧张，使某人受(很大)压力。

　　答案：　D

　　6．He felt________of cheating in the exam，deciding never to do such things again.

　　A．shame B．ashamed

　　C．sorry D．shameful

　　解析：　be/feel ashamed of因……而羞愧，符合题意。shame不用于此结构；sorry应与介词for连用；shameful用来形容事物，令人感到可耻的。

　　答案：　B

　　7．The price of houses has continued to fall in big cities thanks to the________of the government to control it.

　　A．efforts B．effect

　　C．influence D．management

　　解析：　句意为：由于政府努力控制，大城市里的房价持续降低。effort努力，符合句意。

　　答案：　A

　　8．(2024·太原模拟)The new survey shows that the number of students________computer games has been on the increase in recent years.

　　A．devoted to B．related to

　　C．connected to D．addicted to

　　解析：　be devoted to致力于；be related to与……有联系；be connected to与……相关联；be addicted to对……上瘾的。addicted to是分词短语作后置定语修饰“students”；指“对电脑游戏上瘾的学生”，因此D项正确。

　　答案：　D

　　take risks/a risk冒险教材原句P20：He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.

　　他觉得每一步都得作出决定而不是冒险。

　　(1)at risk有风险

　　at the risk of...冒着……风险

　　take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事

　　take risks (a risk) to do冒险做……

　　(2)risk doing sth.冒险做某事

　　risk one’s life to do sth.冒着生命危险做某事