定时训练(2)　

　　　专题特训(定语从句)一、定语从句根据语境填入适当的关系代词或关系副词使句意完整然后熟读感悟。______ was what we had expected.

　　解析　本题用which代替前面整个句子引导非限制性定语从句。答案　which______ you told me the other day turned out to be a thief.

　　解析　先行词是人且从句缺宾语故用whom。答案　whom______ were borrowed from the school library.

　　解析　先行词是物the books且有all修饰只能用that。答案　that______ I stayed in the country with those farmers.

　　解析　定语从句中不缺主语也不缺宾语从句中缺时间状语因此需用关系副词when来引导从句。答案　when______ is reported in the newspaper，the war between the two countries has come to a stop.

　　解析　当非限制性定语从句放在句首时只能用as引导；当as在从句中作主语时后面常接动词的被动语态。答案　As______ real name is Zhou Shuren，wrote lots of novels and essays.

　　解析　关系词在从句中作定语用whose。答案　whose______ this phrase can be used?

　　解析　定语从句中不缺主语也不缺宾语关系词在从句中作地点状语因此需用where来引导。where＝in which。答案　where8．Shenzhen is not the city______ it used to be twenty years ago.

　　解析　当先行词在主句中作表语而关系代词也在从句中作表语时用that。答案　that______ we spent together in Beijing?

　　解析　定语从句中缺宾语用that或不填均可。答案　that/which/不填______ she is wearing.

　　解析　先行词前有the same修饰定语从句用as/that作关系词。as引导从句表示“与……同样”；that引导从句表示“同一个”。这里表示“同样的”as引导。答案　as______ she would stay for an hour.

　　解析　句意：这个女孩准备在培训中心和她姐姐一起上钢琴课。在那里她将待一个小时。先行词为the training centre从句中缺少地点状语故where。答案　where______ life has developed gradually.

　　解析　句意：史蒂芬·霍金认为地球可能不是唯一有生命进化的行星。where在此引导定语从句在从句中作状语相当于on the planet。答案　where二、名词性从句根据语境填入适当的关联词使句意完整；然后熟读感悟。______ it was ten years ago.

　　解析　此处what引导表语从句并在从句中作表语。what it was ten years ago“它十年前的样子”。答案　whatthe trouble is ______ the clothes she is wearing don't go with each other very well.

　　解析　此处that引导表语从句。that在从句中不充当成分。答案　that______ anxious I have been for her safety.

　　解析　此处how引导的从句表示名词idea的具体内容是同位语从句。答案　how______ is the trouble.

　　解析　句意：我的收音机坏了我不知道问题出在哪里。由句子结构可知此处缺宾语从句的引导词其在从句中充当表语。答案　where______ he doesn't like them is very clear.

　　解析　此处that引导主语从句。注意that从句位于句首时是绝对不能省略的。这个句子也可以改成用it作形式主语的句子： It is very clear that he doesn't like them.答案　That______ had happened to her daughter.

　　解析　what引导宾语从句作介词by的宾语且what在从句中作主语。答案　what______ you have bought this fur coat?

　　解析　whom作介词的宾语并引导tell后的宾语从句介词for前置将其还原后应为：...you have bought this fur coat for(whom)?答案　whom______ Thomas Edison became a great inventor is known to all.

　　解析　此处how引导主语从句。答案　How______ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

　　解析　此处whether引导主语从句。答案　Whether______ he felt sorry for was ______ he wasn't in time to prevent the accident.

　　解析　前半句为what引导的主语从句后半句为that引导的答案　What；that______ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.

　　解析　句意：为什么这个人没有尽快报告这起事故还不清楚。本题考查主语从句。It为形式主语真正的主语为设空处以及其后面的从句。答案　whydoer，which is ______ he never finishes anything.

　　解析　句意：恐怕与其说他是个实干家不如说他是个空谈家这就是他总是一事无成的原因。在which引导的定语从句中后面是一个表语从句。答案　why______ had used the products.

　　解析　句意：为提高产品的质量我们向用过这些产品的人征求建议。考查名词性从句。这里whoever(＝anyone who)引导宾语从句而且在从句中作主语。I will help whoever needs help.＝I will help anyone who needs help.答案　whoever________ doctors describe as a vegetative state for six years.

　　解析　what引导的名词性从句作介词in的宾语在从句中作describe的宾语。答案　what________ important education is to their children's future.

　　解析　句意：教家长理解教育对他们孩子的未来有多么重要。应使用how修饰形容词important。答案　how三、状语从句根据语境填入适当的连接词使句意完整然后熟读感悟。______ he came to Shenzhen.

　　解析　句意：自从史密斯先生来到深圳他已经学会了一些中文。此处since引导的时间状语从句。since“自从”从句的时态若是一般过去时相应的主句中的时态常是完成时或完成进行时。答案　since______ great it is.

　　解析　however(＝no matter how)引导让步状语从句。句意：工作中如果你有坚定的信念不管困难有多大你都会克服。答案　however______ there had once been a wasteland.

　　解析　where引导地点状语从句。句意：一所新的学校在那个曾是废墟的地方建起来了。答案　where______ you've got such a golden chance，why not make the best of it?

　　解析　此处since(＝now that)引导原因状语从句意为“既然”。句意：既然你已经得到一个如此宝贵的机会为何不充分利用呢？答案　Since______ she fully recovered.

　　解析　before引导时间状语从句还未……就……；不到……就；……才……；趁；还没来得及”。句意：一整个月过去了她才完全康复。答案　before______ I was having dinner.

　　解析　如果主句表示的是短暂动作而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段when，while与as可互换使用。句意：当我正在吃饭时我听到了敲门声。答案　when/while/as______ the day went by，the weather got worse.

　　解析　此处as引导时间状语从句。从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时进行可译为“一边……(一边……)”或“随着……”。句意：随着日子一天天过去天气变得更糟糕了。答案　As______ I like Chinese food，I won't visit that restaurant today.I'd like to try a different one.

　　解析　although引导让步状语从句。although/though尽管。句意：尽管我喜欢中国食物但我今天不会去那家餐馆。我想试一家不同的餐馆。答案　Although/Though______ you give up halfway.

　　解析　unless引导条件状语从句。unless＝if not如果不。句意：你最终会成功除非你中途放弃。答案　unless______ his mother came back from work.

　　解析　until引导时间状语从句。not...until...直到……才……。句意：直到他妈妈下班回来才上床睡觉。答案　until________ I could ask him.

　　解析　before引导时间状语从句。before在…答案　before______ you have remembered it.

　　解析　until引导时间状语从句。until直到。句意：请一直读这首诗直到你记住它。答案　until how long it will be ______ a new drug is invented for AIDS?

　　解析　考查before引导的时间状语从句。此为It will be＋时间段＋before(……多久之后才……)结构的变形。how long 后的从句作imagine的宾语要用陈述句语序。答案　before______ you understand the rule，you will find it very easy to obey.

　　解析　once引导条件状语从句。once一旦。句意：一旦你明白了规则你就会发现很容易遵循。答案　Once______ in Beijing，I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.

　　解析　此题考查while引导的时间状语从句。当be动词。句意：在北京期间我参观了颐和园。答案　While完形填空 体裁：说明文　话题：计算机科学　时间：15分钟mputer virus” is the __1__ between the biological virus and the evil program infected with computers.The __2__ of this term came from an American science fiction “The Adolescence of P－1”__3__ a living cell and turn it into a factory for __4__ viruses.However，computer viruses are small programs.They copy by attaching a copy of themselves to another program.

　　Once __5__

　　to the host program，the viruses then look for other __6__ to “infect”．In this way__7__ throughout a hard disk or an entire organization when it infects a LAN or a multiuser system.At some point，determined by how the virus was programmed，the virus

　　__8__．The timing of the attack can be linked to a number of __9____10__．So－called “benign (良性的)” viruses might simply display a message.__11__ the system.The attack is to wipe out data，to __12__ files or to format the hard disk.

　　There are four main types of viruses: shell，intrusive，operating system and source ode.Shell viruses __13__

　　themselves around a host program and don't change the original program.Shell programs are __14__ to write，which is why about half of viruses are of this type.Intrusive viruses invade an existing program and actually insert a portion of themselves into the host program.Intrusive viruses are hard to write and very difficult to

　　__15__

　　without damaging the host file.

　　【语篇导读】　本文为说明文介绍了计算机病毒名称的由来病毒侵入解析　根据常识计算机上传染的有害程序与生物学中病毒之间有“相似性”才会叫计算机病毒。答案　D解析　从后文came from可知是指这个词的“来源”。答案　C解析　根据常识病毒应是“入侵”活细胞。答案　B解析　工厂应是答案　D解析　由前段末句中attaching a copy of themselves to another program可知此处指病毒程序“附加到”一个主程序上。原词复现。答案　Bks

　　解析　由前文的the host program可知此处是other programs。原词复现。答案　A解析　由throughout a hard disk or an entire organization可知这种病毒传播答案　C解析　由下句的The timing of the attack可知。原词复现。答案　A解析　由including...可知病毒发作的时间与许多种“情况”有关。答案　D解析　由Likewise(同样地)可知正确选项应与a number of situations意义相关故选varies。答案　A解析　 由下句wipe out data等可知恶性病毒是设计来“损坏”系统的。答案　B解析　与wipe out data(消除数据)和format the hard disk(格式化硬盘)相并列的应是delete files(删除文件)。答案　Cp

　　B．adjust

　　C．install

　　D．apply解析　由后文don't change the original program可知这种病毒自己“裹在”在主程序周围不修改原程序。答案　A解析　由which is why about half of viruses are of this type可知这种病毒的程序很容易写；由与之对应的下句也可知选与hard意义相反的词。反义词同现。答案　D解析　结合上句本句不难理解：不损坏主文件的情况下很难“移除”侵入的病毒。答案　B阅读理解 体裁：说明文　话题：生活用品故事　时间：6分钟 Can you think of a piece of clothing that is inseparably linked to American culture? Your answer would be blue jeans.

　　Levi Strauss did not invent jeans，but he is considered the first person to make and sell great numbers of them.He was born in Bavaria，an area that today is part of Germany.In 1847 he and his family immigrated to the United States.

　　Levi Strauss opened a small dry goods store，first in New York，then in San Francisco，California.Among the products he sold were jeans.These pants were especially useful for miners in California.They needed clothing made from a strong material.Jeans are usually made from a heavy cotton cloth called denim.

　　Levi Strauss partnered with a clothing maker named Jacob Davis.Davis had invented a process for making rivets for jeans.These little metal connectors helped hold the pieces of cloth together to make the jeans stronger.

　　In 1873，the government gave Strauss and Davis a patent for their invention.That meant no one else could legally copy it without their permission.In 1928，the Levi Strauss company registered the word “Levi's” as a trademark for their product.The Smithsonian's National Museum of American History in Washington has one of the oldest known pairs of Levi's.

　　Writer James Sullivan published a book called Jeans: A Cultural History of an American Icon.In it，he says jeans represent two American values: creativity and rebellion.

　　Cowboys wore jeans in the old Wild West.In the 1950s，people saw famous Hollywood actors like James Dean and Marlon Brando wearing jeans in movies.

　　Today jeans still come in blue but also lots of other colors.They can also differ widely in price.You might find jeans for 15 dollars in an American discount store.However，they can also sell for thousands of dollars a pair.Some people like to buy jeans that look fresh and new.Others like to buy new jeans that are torn and look old.What kind of jeans do you like? Let us know.Send an email to learningenglish @voanews.com.

　　【语篇导读】　本文介绍牛仔裤的发展历史以及其演变的过程和受人们欢迎的原因。解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Levi Strauss opened a small dry goods store可知Levi Strauss开始卖牛仔裤是在纽约。 答案　Be jeans were durable.

　　B．Because jeans were very beautiful.

　　C．Because miners didn't like other pants.

　　D．Because jeans were very popular.

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“These pants were especially useful for miners in California.They needed clothing made from a strong material.Jeans are usually made from a heavy cotton cloth called denim.”可知矿工喜欢牛仔裤的原因是它们耐穿。答案　A________ has jeans on in it.

　　A．James Sullivan

　　B．Levi Strauss

　　C．Jacob Davis

　　D．Marlon Brando

　　解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知D项中的Marlon Brando的是好莱坞的电影演员所以选D。其他三人：James Sullivan是Jeans: A Cultural History of an American Icon.的作者；Levi Strauss和Jacob Davis是牛仔裤的制造商。答案　Dd the Levi Strauss company first produce Levi's jeans?

　　A．In the late 1920s.

　　B．In the late 1840s.

　　C．In the early 1870s.

　　D．In the 1950s.

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In 1928r their product.”可知从二十世纪二十年代末Levi Strauss的公司开始生产Levi's牌子的牛仔裤。答案　AD．The now situations about jeans.

　　解析　推理判断题。文章最后一段中主要谈到了现在牛仔裤有不同的颜色；不同的价格；不同的人喜欢不同款式的牛仔裤。由此可以判断本段主要讨论的是关于牛仔裤的现状。故选D。答案　D