选修8 Unit 1（2）

　　That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.

　　这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。

　　(1)This/That is why...为表语从句的常用句型结构，意为“这/那就是为什么……”，用来表示原因。

　　(2)That’s because...这是因为……，because从句表示原因

　　(3)The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……，表语从句常用that引导，而不用because。

　　①Tom came late for the meeting.That_was_because he was ill.

　　汤姆开会迟到了，那是他病了。

　　②Tom was ill.That_was_why he came late for the meeting.

　　汤姆病了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。

　　③The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill.汤姆开会迟到的原因是他病了。However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.

　　然而，可能美洲土著人至少一万五千年前就生活在加利福尼亚。

　　本句式中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。

　　It is likely that...……是可能的，此句型可转化为：sb./sth.be likely to do...某人/物可能干某事。

　　①It is very likely that，in many schools，the students are going to spend less time in doing homework than they used to.

　　在很多学校学生做作业的时间有可能比从前少。

　　②As far as I know，he is likely to drop out of school to attend to his sick mother.

　　＝As far as I know，it’s_likely_that he will drop out of school to attend to his sick mother.

　　据我所知，他有可能辍学照顾生病的母亲。

　　It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups，but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.

　　人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。

　　It is believed that...人们认为……。在该句型中，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。

　　①It_is_generally_believed_that IT has both advantages and disadvantages.人们普遍认为信息技术既有优点又有缺点。

　　It’s said that...据说……

　　It’s reported that...据报道……

　　It’s hoped that...大家希望……

　　It’ s well-known that...众所周知……

　　It’s thought that...大家认为……

　　It’s suggested that...据建议……

　　②It is hoped that the cost of medical care can be cut down.

　　人们希望医疗费能够降低。

　　Ⅰ.句型转换

　　1．Human beings are said to be naturally equipped to speak.

　　→________ ________ ________ ________human beings are naturally equipped to speak.

　　答案：　It is said that

　　2．A visit to the rainforest for us students is likely to be an unforgettable experience.

　　→________ ________ ________ ________a visit to the rainforest for us students will be an unforgettable experience.

　　答案：　It is likely that

　　Ⅱ.单项填空

　　1．(2024·南昌二模)Nuclear radiation is said________the biggest health challenge in Japanese Earthquake over the past few months.

　　A．being B．to be

　　C．to have been D．that it is解析：　考查非谓语动词。“sb./sth.＋be＋reported/said/believed/thought etc.＋to do sth.(＝It is/was＋reported/said/believed/thought etc.＋that...)”为常用句式，由此可排除A和D选项。且根据题干中的时间状语“over the past few months”可知，空格处应该使用不定式的完成式。

　　答案：　C

　　2．(2024·江西赣州高三下学期4月模拟考试)The meeting which is reported ________this month has been

　　put off till the end of next month.

　　A．being held

　　B．to hold

　　C．to be held

　　D．holding

　　解析：　考查非谓语动词。句意为：本来宣布要这个月举行的会议已经被推迟到下月底了。hold与The meeting之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态，不定式则表示将来的动作。

　　答案：　C

　　3．(2024·湖南省十二校联考)—You see，I’m poor in math，but good at English，while you are good at math，but weak in English.

　　—That’s________we should help each other.

　　A．when B．why

　　C．how D．what

　　解析：　句意为：——你瞧，我的数学差，但英语好，而你数学好，但英语差。——这正是我们应该互相帮助的原因。why表示“为什么”，指的是要互相帮助的原因，在表语从句中作原因状语，符合句意。

　　答案：　B

　　4．(2024·青岛模拟)—Have you heard the news that he was admitted into Beijing University?

　　—Yes，that’s________he worked so hard all the time，so his efforts paid off.

　　A．why B．because

　　C．how D．what

　　解析：　根据语境，前者说的是结果“他被北京大学录取”，后者解释原因，所以用because。

　　答案：　B

　　5．(2024·唐山摸底考试)Since he was 67，it didn’t seem________that he would continue long in that position.

　　A．impossible B．necessary

　　C．particular D．likely

　　解析：　考查形容词。句意为：他已经67岁了，看起来不可能在那个职位上待很长时间了。A、B选项用于It’s impossible/important/necessary/unusual that...句型，that从句常用should＋动词原形，而非would＋动词原形。C项不符合题意，故选D。

　　答案：　D

　　elect v．选择；决定做某事；选举某人

　　elect to do...选择或决定……

　　elect sb.(to be/as)．..选举某人为……

　　He was elected (as/to be) the new Prime Minister.

　　他被选为新一届首相。

　　live on继续生存；继续存在

　　The government has taken measures to make this custom live on.

　　政府已经采取措施使这个风俗得以延续下去。

　　mark out画线；标出……界线When doing my reading，I often mark out what I regard as important in a book.读书的时候，我常在书上把我所认为重要的地方标出。

　　【写作素材】

　　1．自从1978年改革以来，中国经历了移民大潮。

　　2．据报道成千上万的农民从农村来到城市。

　　3．尽管辛苦，他们中的多数人都能适应城市生活。

　　4．有些甚至申请到了城市居民权。

　　5．他们通过努力工作为城市的繁荣作出了贡献。

　　提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。

　　【连句成篇】

　　Since the reform in 1978，China has experienced immigration movements.It is reported that thousands and thousands of farmers came from the countryside to the cities.The majority of them can make a life in the cities despite great hardship，and some even have applied for right to live in

　　the

　　city.They

　　have

　　made

　　great contributions to the boom of the cities by means of working hard.

　　名词性从句

　　1．(2024·安徽江南十校联考)The best moment was________the Chinese player scored the winning goal.

　　A．if B．how

　　C．when D．that

　　解析：　考查表语从句。句意为：最精彩的时刻是中国队选手赢得决胜球时。when表示“在……时候，在……情况下”，用于谈论某个时间或某种情况。

　　答案：　C

　　2．(2024·皖南八校第二次联考)________Mo Yan had been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Literature made us very proud.

　　A．As B．That

　　C．Which D．What解析：　考查名词性从句。句意为：莫言获得2024年诺贝尔文学奖让我们感到非常自豪。分析句子成分可知，made是谓语动词，us是宾语，very proud是宾语补足语，因此________Mo Yan had been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Literature是主语从句，并在句中作主语，主语从句成分齐全，因此用that作引导词，不作句子成分，只起连接作用。

　　答案：　B

　　3． (2024·皖南八校第三次联考)It hasn’t been made clear________the new underground line is to be open to traffic.

　　A．when

　　B．that

　　C．what

　　D．where

　　解析：　考查名词性从句。句意为：新的地铁线路何时开放还不清楚。句中it是形式主语，空处引导的是主语从句。根据句意可知选when。

　　答案：　A

　　4．(2024·石家庄质检)At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see________it got any better.

　　A．when B．how

　　C．why D．if

　　解析：　考查宾语从句。句意为：一开始他不喜欢这份新工作，但决定给自己几个月的时间看看情况会不会有所好转。根据句意可知，选D项。

　　答案：　D

　　5．(2024·河北保定二模)Can I have a word with________is in charge of the guest room department?

　　A．anyone B．who

　　C．whom D．whoever

　　解析：　考查宾语从句。此处with之后为介词的宾语从句，whoever作宾语从句的主语。句意为：我能和负责客房部的人谈谈吗？

　　答案：　D

　　选修8 Unit 1（2）

　　That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.

　　这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。

　　(1)This/That is why...为表语从句的常用句型结构，意为“这/那就是为什么……”，用来表示原因。

　　(2)That’s because...这是因为……，because从句表示原因

　　(3)The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……，表语从句常用that引导，而不用because。

　　①Tom came late for the meeting.That_was_because he was ill.

　　汤姆开会迟到了，那是他病了。

　　②Tom was ill.That_was_why he came late for the meeting.

　　汤姆病了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。

　　③The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill.汤姆开会迟到的原因是他病了。However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.

　　然而，可能美洲土著人至少一万五千年前就生活在加利福尼亚。

　　本句式中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。

　　It is likely that...……是可能的，此句型可转化为：sb./sth.be likely to do...某人/物可能干某事。

　　①It is very likely that，in many schools，the students are going to spend less time in doing homework than they used to.

　　在很多学校学生做作业的时间有可能比从前少。

　　②As far as I know，he is likely to drop out of school to attend to his sick mother.

　　＝As far as I know，it’s_likely_that he will drop out of school to attend to his sick mother.

　　据我所知，他有可能辍学照顾生病的母亲。

　　It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups，but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.

　　人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。

　　It is believed that...人们认为……。在该句型中，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。

　　①It_is_generally_believed_that IT has both advantages and disadvantages.人们普遍认为信息技术既有优点又有缺点。

　　It’s said that...据说……

　　It’s reported that...据报道……

　　It’s hoped that...大家希望……

　　It’ s well-known that...众所周知……

　　It’s thought that...大家认为……

　　It’s suggested that...据建议……

　　②It is hoped that the cost of medical care can be cut down.

　　人们希望医疗费能够降低。

　　Ⅰ.句型转换

　　1．Human beings are said to be naturally equipped to speak.

　　→________ ________ ________ ________human beings are naturally equipped to speak.

　　答案：　It is said that

　　2．A visit to the rainforest for us students is likely to be an unforgettable experience.

　　→________ ________ ________ ________a visit to the rainforest for us students will be an unforgettable experience.

　　答案：　It is likely that

　　Ⅱ.单项填空

　　1．(2024·南昌二模)Nuclear radiation is said________the biggest health challenge in Japanese Earthquake over the past few months.

　　A．being B．to be

　　C．to have been D．that it is解析：　考查非谓语动词。“sb./sth.＋be＋reported/said/believed/thought etc.＋to do sth.(＝It is/was＋reported/said/believed/thought etc.＋that...)”为常用句式，由此可排除A和D选项。且根据题干中的时间状语“over the past few months”可知，空格处应该使用不定式的完成式。

　　答案：　C

　　2．(2024·江西赣州高三下学期4月模拟考试)The meeting which is reported ________this month has been

　　put off till the end of next month.

　　A．being held

　　B．to hold

　　C．to be held

　　D．holding

　　解析：　考查非谓语动词。句意为：本来宣布要这个月举行的会议已经被推迟到下月底了。hold与The meeting之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态，不定式则表示将来的动作。

　　答案：　C

　　3．(2024·湖南省十二校联考)—You see，I’m poor in math，but good at English，while you are good at math，but weak in English.

　　—That’s________we should help each other.

　　A．when B．why

　　C．how D．what

　　解析：　句意为：——你瞧，我的数学差，但英语好，而你数学好，但英语差。——这正是我们应该互相帮助的原因。why表示“为什么”，指的是要互相帮助的原因，在表语从句中作原因状语，符合句意。

　　答案：　B

　　4．(2024·青岛模拟)—Have you heard the news that he was admitted into Beijing University?

　　—Yes，that’s________he worked so hard all the time，so his efforts paid off.

　　A．why B．because

　　C．how D．what

　　解析：　根据语境，前者说的是结果“他被北京大学录取”，后者解释原因，所以用because。

　　答案：　B

　　5．(2024·唐山摸底考试)Since he was 67，it didn’t seem________that he would continue long in that position.

　　A．impossible B．necessary

　　C．particular D．likely

　　解析：　考查形容词。句意为：他已经67岁了，看起来不可能在那个职位上待很长时间了。A、B选项用于It’s impossible/important/necessary/unusual that...句型，that从句常用should＋动词原形，而非would＋动词原形。C项不符合题意，故选D。

　　答案：　D

　　elect v．选择；决定做某事；选举某人

　　elect to do...选择或决定……

　　elect sb.(to be/as)．..选举某人为……

　　He was elected (as/to be) the new Prime Minister.

　　他被选为新一届首相。

　　live on继续生存；继续存在

　　The government has taken measures to make this custom live on.

　　政府已经采取措施使这个风俗得以延续下去。

　　mark out画线；标出……界线When doing my reading，I often mark out what I regard as important in a book.读书的时候，我常在书上把我所认为重要的地方标出。

　　【写作素材】

　　1．自从1978年改革以来，中国经历了移民大潮。

　　2．据报道成千上万的农民从农村来到城市。

　　3．尽管辛苦，他们中的多数人都能适应城市生活。

　　4．有些甚至申请到了城市居民权。

　　5．他们通过努力工作为城市的繁荣作出了贡献。

　　提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。

　　【连句成篇】

　　Since the reform in 1978，China has experienced immigration movements.It is reported that thousands and thousands of farmers came from the countryside to the cities.The majority of them can make a life in the cities despite great hardship，and some even have applied for right to live in

　　the

　　city.They

　　have

　　made

　　great contributions to the boom of the cities by means of working hard.

　　名词性从句

　　1．(2024·安徽江南十校联考)The best moment was________the Chinese player scored the winning goal.

　　A．if B．how

　　C．when D．that

　　解析：　考查表语从句。句意为：最精彩的时刻是中国队选手赢得决胜球时。when表示“在……时候，在……情况下”，用于谈论某个时间或某种情况。

　　答案：　C

　　2．(2024·皖南八校第二次联考)________Mo Yan had been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Literature made us very proud.

　　A．As B．That

　　C．Which D．What解析：　考查名词性从句。句意为：莫言获得2024年诺贝尔文学奖让我们感到非常自豪。分析句子成分可知，made是谓语动词，us是宾语，very proud是宾语补足语，因此________Mo Yan had been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Literature是主语从句，并在句中作主语，主语从句成分齐全，因此用that作引导词，不作句子成分，只起连接作用。

　　答案：　B

　　3． (2024·皖南八校第三次联考)It hasn’t been made clear________the new underground line is to be open to traffic.

　　A．when

　　B．that

　　C．what

　　D．where

　　解析：　考查名词性从句。句意为：新的地铁线路何时开放还不清楚。句中it是形式主语，空处引导的是主语从句。根据句意可知选when。

　　答案：　A

　　4．(2024·石家庄质检)At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see________it got any better.

　　A．when B．how

　　C．why D．if

　　解析：　考查宾语从句。句意为：一开始他不喜欢这份新工作，但决定给自己几个月的时间看看情况会不会有所好转。根据句意可知，选D项。

　　答案：　D

　　5．(2024·河北保定二模)Can I have a word with________is in charge of the guest room department?

　　A．anyone B．who

　　C．whom D．whoever

　　解析：　考查宾语从句。此处with之后为介词的宾语从句，whoever作宾语从句的主语。句意为：我能和负责客房部的人谈谈吗？

　　答案：　D