议论文的结构一般有引子、正文和结论三部分。一般在引子部分提出论点，即文章的主题，在正文部分摆出有利的事实，对论点进行严密的论证，最后根据前面的论证得出结论。议论文主要包括三要素：论点、论据和论证方法。论点必须正确。论据是为说明论点服务的，既要可靠又要充分，事实胜于雄辩，是最好的论据。论据也可以是人们公认的真理，经过实践考验的哲理。 【常用素材】 一、结构模板 【结构模板一】　 正反观点式议论文模板 导入：第1段 Recently we've had a discussion about whether we should...(导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧) 正文： 第2段：Most of the students are in favor of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons.First...Second...Finally...(列出2～3个赞成的理由) 第3段：However, the others are strongly against it.(反方观点) Their reasons are as follows.In the first place...What's more...In addition...(列出2～3个反对的理由) 结论：第4段 Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more than harm good, so I support it.(个人观点)

　　【结构模板二】　 “A或者B”类议论文模板 导入：第1段 Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways.Others, however, argue that B is much better.Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages. 正文： 第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A．The main is that...Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因)

　　第3段： Of course, B also has advantages to some extent...(列出1～2个B的优势)

　　结论：第4段 But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B．From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that...(得出结论)． 【结构模板三】　 观点论述类议论文模板 导入：第1段 As a student, I am strongly in favor of the decision.(亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对)

　　The reasons for this may be listed as follows.(过渡句，承上启下) 正文： 第2段：First of all...Secondly...Besides...(列出2～3个赞成或反对的理由) 结论： 第3段：In conclusion, I believe that...(照应第1段，构成“总—分—总”结构) 【结构模板四】　 “How to”类议论文模板 导入： 第1段 提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题 正文：第2段： Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective.First of all...Another way to solve the problem is...Finally...(列出2～3个解决此类问题的办法) 结论：第3段 These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take.But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法) 二、必备句型 1．Opinions vary from individual to individual. 2．Others argue/hold the view that... 3．What's important is that... 4．As far as I'm concerned, I prefer... 5. When it comes to failure, different people hold different attitudes towards it. 6. There is no denying that students can learn a lot from it. 7. It's universally acknowledged that knowledge can change one's fate. 8. In conclusion, I think having a very close relationship with a pet is healthy. 9. In short, it can be said that health is more important than wealth. 10. From what has been said above, we can safely draw a conclusion that attitudes determines everything. [写作要求] (2010年高考上海卷)Directions：Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 下图是小学新生的课堂一角，对照你当时的上课情况，做出比较并谈谈你的感受。你的作文必须包括： ●描述图片里学生上课的场景 ●比较你同时期的上课情况 ●简单谈谈你的感受

　　[佳作背诵] The picture above illustrates that in a class of an American primary school the children are thronging to raise their hands to ask questions, from which we can know that a ripple of laughter is running around the classroom.It's evident that this kind of class will exert a great influence both on the children's academic achievements and on their psychological development.Their positive attitude towards study must arouse their strong enthusiasm in their overall promotion as well. The lively lesson reminds me of the atmosphere of my class, in which most of us maintain good discipline, let alone volunteer to raise hands to ask or answer questions.This kind of atmosphere puts great pressure on us, getting us eventually to lack interest in our lessons. Taking what has been discussed above into account, there is no doubt that we Chinese teachers should create a relaxed atmosphere of school life and exercise student's intellect in lively discussion.Only in this way can we really achieve our teaching goal.

　　议论文的结构一般有引子、正文和结论三部分。一般在引子部分提出论点，即文章的主题，在正文部分摆出有利的事实，对论点进行严密的论证，最后根据前面的论证得出结论。议论文主要包括三要素：论点、论据和论证方法。论点必须正确。论据是为说明论点服务的，既要可靠又要充分，事实胜于雄辩，是最好的论据。论据也可以是人们公认的真理，经过实践考验的哲理。 【常用素材】 一、结构模板 【结构模板一】　 正反观点式议论文模板 导入：第1段 Recently we've had a discussion about whether we should...(导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧) 正文： 第2段：Most of the students are in favor of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons.First...Second...Finally...(列出2～3个赞成的理由) 第3段：However, the others are strongly against it.(反方观点) Their reasons are as follows.In the first place...What's more...In addition...(列出2～3个反对的理由) 结论：第4段 Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more than harm good, so I support it.(个人观点)

　　【结构模板二】　 “A或者B”类议论文模板 导入：第1段 Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways.Others, however, argue that B is much better.Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages. 正文： 第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A．The main is that...Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因)

　　第3段： Of course, B also has advantages to some extent...(列出1～2个B的优势)

　　结论：第4段 But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B．From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that...(得出结论)． 【结构模板三】　 观点论述类议论文模板 导入：第1段 As a student, I am strongly in favor of the decision.(亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对)

　　The reasons for this may be listed as follows.(过渡句，承上启下) 正文： 第2段：First of all...Secondly...Besides...(列出2～3个赞成或反对的理由) 结论： 第3段：In conclusion, I believe that...(照应第1段，构成“总—分—总”结构) 【结构模板四】　 “How to”类议论文模板 导入： 第1段 提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题 正文：第2段： Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective.First of all...Another way to solve the problem is...Finally...(列出2～3个解决此类问题的办法) 结论：第3段 These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take.But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法) 二、必备句型 1．Opinions vary from individual to individual. 2．Others argue/hold the view that... 3．What's important is that... 4．As far as I'm concerned, I prefer... 5. When it comes to failure, different people hold different attitudes towards it. 6. There is no denying that students can learn a lot from it. 7. It's universally acknowledged that knowledge can change one's fate. 8. In conclusion, I think having a very close relationship with a pet is healthy. 9. In short, it can be said that health is more important than wealth. 10. From what has been said above, we can safely draw a conclusion that attitudes determines everything. [写作要求] (2010年高考上海卷)Directions：Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 下图是小学新生的课堂一角，对照你当时的上课情况，做出比较并谈谈你的感受。你的作文必须包括： ●描述图片里学生上课的场景 ●比较你同时期的上课情况 ●简单谈谈你的感受

　　[佳作背诵] The picture above illustrates that in a class of an American primary school the children are thronging to raise their hands to ask questions, from which we can know that a ripple of laughter is running around the classroom.It's evident that this kind of class will exert a great influence both on the children's academic achievements and on their psychological development.Their positive attitude towards study must arouse their strong enthusiasm in their overall promotion as well. The lively lesson reminds me of the atmosphere of my class, in which most of us maintain good discipline, let alone volunteer to raise hands to ask or answer questions.This kind of atmosphere puts great pressure on us, getting us eventually to lack interest in our lessons. Taking what has been discussed above into account, there is no doubt that we Chinese teachers should create a relaxed atmosphere of school life and exercise student's intellect in lively discussion.Only in this way can we really achieve our teaching goal.