专题六│ 专题预测 The Big Chill(寒流) Some areas in upstate New York have received more than five feet of snow over a two-day period. Weather forecasters said the region could get more than eight feet of snow before the weekend.

　　On Tuesday, West Virginia experienced the coldest temperatures recorded in the state in February since 1996, the weather service said.

　　专题六│ 专题预测 Sunny Outlook

　　There is some sign of relief to come. On Wednesday, temperatures in Chicago rose slightly to 0 degrees Fahrenheit, with a wind chill of minus 14 degrees Fahrenheit. That’s an improvement from Monday when the wind chill made it feel as if it were minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit. National Weather Service meteorologist(气象学家)Tim Seeley said that the area should expect temperatures in the low 20s by the weekend.

　　专题六│ 专题预测 For some the heavy snowfall was cause for celebration. Ski resorts that had been suffering from the mild winter welcomed more white on the slopes. “It was the perfect storm，” said Joe Stevens, spokesman for the West Virginia Ski Areas Association. “Over four feet of snow has fallen since the middle of January, which has really turned the situation around for the resorts that were experiencing…above normal temperatures earlier in the season.”

　　专题六│ 专题预测 ()1.The main idea discussed in the

　　passage is ________. A．traffic accidents in America B．cold weather in America C．difficult road conditions D．heavy snow in America 专题六│ 专题预测 ()2.Deaths and accidents were caused by 　 ________. A．roads covered with ice and snow B．strong cold winds blowing at a

　　　 high speed C．heavy snow

　　D．too cold weather 专题六│ 专题预测 ()3.Why were the hotels full in this area?

　　A．Because there were so many people

　　having their home destroyed.

　　B．It was too cold for people to go out.

　　C．Because air and highway travel were

　　cut off.

　　D．There were not enough hotels in this

　　area. 专题六│ 专题预测 ()4.Which of the following about West

　　Virginia is TRUE?

　　A．It was hit by the heaviest snow in

　　his story.

　　B．Its roads were cut off by the

　　snowstorm.

　　C．It would face fine weather very

　　soon.

　　D．It experienced a very low

　　temperature. 专题六│ 专题预测 ()5.Which of the following welcomed the

　　cold weather and heavy snow?

　　A．Farmers.　

　　B．Ski resorts.

　　C．Drivers.

　　D．Officials. 专题六│ 专题预测 参考答案：

　　(一) 【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了美国一次寒流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等。

　　1．B　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了美国一次寒流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等，都围绕着寒流展开。 2．A　归纳判断题。死亡和交通事故都是由于冰雪、路滑引起的。由第二段第二句得出答案。 专题六│ 专题预测 3．C　概括题。航空和公路交通由于恶劣天气中断，乘客滞留，致使旅馆爆满。由第三段最后一句可知。 4．D　细节理解题。West Virginia经历了一次温度非常低的寒流。由第五段得出答案。 5．B　细节理解题。几家欢乐几家愁，滑雪胜地非常喜欢这场大雪，因为他们正为暖冬少雪而发愁呢。最后一段给出答案。 专题六│ 专题预测 　(二)

　　[2010·安徽改编]

　　The engineer Camillo Oliver was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908.At his factory in Ivrea, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the company’s head office is still in Ivrea, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world. 专题六│ 专题预测 By 1930 there were staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries. Camillo’s son, Adriano, started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the boss. He introduced a standard speed for 专题六│ 专题预测 the production line and he employed technology and design specialists. The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators(计算机)．In 1959 it produced the ELLA computer system. This was the first mainframe computer designed and made in Italy. 专题六│ 专题预测 After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problems. Other companies, especially the Japanese, made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company.

　　In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss. Olivetti increased its marketing and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more 专题六│ 专题预测 advanced office equipment. Soon it became one of the world’s leading companies in information technology and communications. There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti Group—one for personal computers, one for systems and services, and two for telecommunications. 专题六│ 专题预测 ()1.From the text we learn that ________. A．by 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000 　 　 typewriters a year

　　B．Olivetti earned more in the 1960s

　　than in the 1950s

　　C．some of Olivetti’s 700 staff

　　regularly visited customers in Italy

　　D．Olivetti set up offices in other

　　countries from the very beginning

　　专题五│ 专题预测 Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students. But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level exams were no longer an accurate barometer(标准)of ability. 专题五│ 专题预测 In 1986, 40 percent of students starting at Oxford achieved straight. As at A-level, Mike Nicholson, its admissions director, said that this year almost every candidate offered a place would get perfect grades. It meant the university had to stage additional tests to identify the most able candidates. “The ability to achieve three A grades is no longer the end-point in the admissions process，” he said. “The potential to achieve three A grades will allow them to enter the race for a place.” 专题五│ 专题预测 Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests. At Cambridge, the number of students taking the university’s Thinking Skills Assessment shot up 26 percent to more than 3,000. A survey of 16,830 sixth formers applying to higher education from private schools last year showed that 2,860 had to sit at least one exam. 专题五│ 专题预测 Earlier this year, the National Foundation for Educational Research recommended that most sixth formers should sit SAT tests—a standard reasoning exam widely used in American colleges—to make it easier to pick out the best candidates. 专题五│ 专题预测 ()1. What is the attitude of head teachers

　　to the reform? A．Approving.

　　B．Doubtful. C．Opposed.

　　D．Neutral(中立的)． ()2. Which British university first started

　　to use aptitude tests to pick out the

　　best candidates? A．Harvard.

　　B．Oxford. C．Cambridge.

　　　 D．Washington D．C. 专题五│ 专题预测 ()3. What can we know about the A-level

　　system?

　　A．It can indicate the brightest

　　candidates.

　　B．It was designed to assess students’

　　thinking abilities.

　　C．It is longer an accurate way to

　　assess students’ abilities.

　　D．It was recommended by the National

　　Foundation for Educational Research. 专题五│ 专题预测 ()4. What can we infer from the passage? A．The reform is more popular in

　　American colleges than in British

　　ones. B．The reform will be applied by all 　 　

　　universities in the future. 专题五│ 专题预测 C．Universities used to depend on the

　　A-level system to choose the best

　　students. D．Passing additional tests will allow

　　the student to enter Oxford,

　　regardless of whether he or she gets

　　As. 专题五│ 专题预测 ()5.What is the passage mainly about?

　　　A．How to get into leading universities. B．The disadvantages of the A-level system. C．Different ways to identify students’

　　　 abilities. D．Universities using extra exams to choose 　 students.

　　专题五│ 专题预测 参考答案

　　(二) 【文章大意】 现在的成绩为A不再是学生进入大学的唯一评判标准，得到分数A的学生太多了，A-level不能再准确地区分出最好的学生。学生们需要参加额外的考试才能进入大学。 1．C　细节理解题。根据第三段“Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students.”得出答案。 专题五│ 专题预测 2．B　细节理解题。根据第五段的第一句“Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests.”可推知答案为B。 3．C　细节理解题。文章第一段就提出了“good A-levels do not always indicate the brightest candidates”，结合后面的内容可知答案为C。 专题五│ 专题预测 4．C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level…”可知答案为C。 5．D　主旨大意题。文章开头就指出学生必须通过额外的考试才能进入一流大学，接下来分析了原因：现在得到分数A的学生太多了，A-level不能再准确地区分出最好的学生，故选D。 专题六

　　历史地理型 　阅读理解　 专题六│ 历史地理型阅读理解 专题六│ 专题导读 　专题导读 历史地理类文章一般涉及某个国家、地区、河流、山脉、海洋、城镇等的地理位置以及与之相关的社会生活、社会风情、政治经济、人文历史、自然资源、文化习俗、文化遗产等方面的情况，相当一部分文章还附有图表供理解或参考。文章选材来源于英语国家的主要名胜或历史事件，历史年代；命题以细节题为主， 专题六│ 专题导读 有一定主观推断题；涉及一定的地理常识或历史知识。阅读史地类阅读文章时，要重点弄清楚各个地名、人名之间的相互关系和各个国家、地区或城镇之间的地理方位。如果文章或试题有附图或附表，一定要把附图或附表看懂、看明白。附图或附表的存在就是帮助我们更好地读懂和理解文章，辅助我们做好有关试题。 专题六│ 典例导练 [2010·重庆改编]

　　Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Islands，Ecuador，watching the sun move quietly into the sea，you shouldn’t forget that Charles Darwin(1809—1882) arrived here in 1835.He stayed on the islands for five weeks，observing various animals.This finally inspired(启发) his famous work，On the Origin of Species.You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands. 　典例导练 专题六│ 典例导练 The islands are certainly a paradise(天堂) for wildlife，as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control.Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago，each day is as impressive as it could be. 专题六│ 典例导练 The most well-known animal of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise(巨型陆龟)，which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz，the second largest island in the archipelago(群岛)．Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.

　　专题六│ 典例导练 Despite strict control over activities and timing，your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures：diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you；feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim；and，most magically，seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air. 专题六│ 典例导练 Traveling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin，you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world.At night you will sleep on board the ship，leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands，which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time. 专题六│ 典例导练 ()1. What do we know about Darwin’s visit

　　to the islands?

　　A. He studied different creatures on

　　the islands.

　　B. He completed his famous book on the

　　islands.

　　C. He was touched by the geography of

　　the islands.

　　D. He was attracted by well-known

　　animals of the islands. 专题六│ 典例导练 ()2. Which of the following plays a role

　　in making the islands “a paradise

　　for wildlife”？

　　A. Animals on the islands feed on

　　grass.

　　B. Local government forbids killing

　　wildlife.

　　C. People cannot visit the islands as

　　they wish.

　　D. Tourists are not allowed to touch

　　the animals. 专题六│ 典例导练 ()3. Your stay on the islands will be

　　most impressive mainly because of

　　________.

　　A. the beautiful sea views

　　B. Darwin’s inspiring trip

　　C. a closer view of animals

　　D. various daring activities 专题六│ 典例导练 ()4. Which of the following would be the

　　best title for the passage?

　　A. A Unique Attraction for Wildlife

　　Lovers

　　B. Galapagos as a Paradise for

　　Adventurers

　　C. Charles Darwin as a Symbol of

　　Galapagos

　　D. A Successful Example of Wildlife

　　Protection 专题六│ 典例导练 ()5. The intended readers of the passage

　　are those who ________.

　　A．want to study the origin of

　　species

　　B．are fond of traveling around the

　　world

　　C．are interested in studying

　　wildlife

　　D．want to be inspired by natural

　　beauty 专题六│ 典例导练 参考答案： 【文章大意】 本文介绍了一个冒险家的乐园Galapagos Islands，达尔文曾在这儿受到启发写出了《物种起源》一书，同时，由于这儿保护得很好，直到现在依然是旅游的好去处。 1. A　细节理解题。由第一段“He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals.”可知达尔文在岛上观察各种动物。 2. C　细节理解题。由第四段“Despite strict control over activities and timing…”可知答案。 专题六│ 典例导练 3. C　推理判断题。从文章最后三段的描写中知道，在岛上能够给人印象深刻的就是和动物近距离的接触，例如：海里小鲨鱼的顽皮，海边海龟的悠闲等。 4. A　主旨大意题。纵观整篇文章，作者描写了岛屿的美丽风景，丰富的生物，较好的自然保护，故A项符合作者的写作意图。

　　专题六│ 典例导练 5．B　推理判断题。综合全文再结合第一段“You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.”可知，全文旨在介绍一个旅游的好去处，由此可推断文章主要针对那些爱好旅游者而写，故选B。

　　专题六│ 专题预测 (一)

　　Winter weather may have come late to parts of the United States this year, but the Midwest and Northeast are finally firmed in winter’s icy grasp. 　专题预测 专题六│ 专题预测 Travel, Interrupted The freezing cold has created dangerous driving conditions across the country. Icy roads have led to at least 13 deaths in seven states. Minnesota police reported 290 accidents during the rush hour on Tuesday. 专题六│ 专题预测 Air travel has been disrupted as well. More than 140 flights were canceled at O’Hare International Airport in Chicago, Illinois. Some travelers had to camp out in terminals(终点站)overnight. Ted Bushelman, a spokesman for the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport, said that a 专题六│ 专题预测 few hundred passengers spent the night there. “All the hotel rooms in the area were taken, not just because of canceled flights but because highway travel was almost impossible，” he said.

　　专题五│ 专题导读 文化教育类阅读理解文章属高考常选材料之一，它以中西文化差异作为选材的重点，常涉及文化、教育、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、各国学校教育、家庭教育等，重视语言和文化的关系。阅读材料更多地涉及社会文化 　专题导读 专题五│ 专题导读 背景知识。因此，要通过阅读更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，更多地了解并丰富自己的知识。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题、事实细节题上。在做这类阅读理解题时，应注意以下几个方面：(1)采用先题后文：先读题目，再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓细节。 (2)先做细节题。因为做 专题五│ 专题导读 完了局部性的事实细节题后，自然会加深我们对文章的理解，这样更有利于做主旨大意题。(3)重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是Main idea型；一类是Topic或Title型。 专题五│ 典例导练 [2010·全国Ⅰ改编]

　　EDGEWOOD—Every morning at Dixie Heights High School, customers pour into a special experiment: the district’s first coffee shop run mostly by students with special learning needs.

　　　典例导练 专题五│ 典例导练 Well before classes start, students and teachers order Lattes, Cappuccinos and Hot Chocolates. Then, during the first period, teachers call in orders on their room phones, and students make deliveries. 专题五│ 典例导练 By closing time at 9：20 a．m., the shop usually sells 90 drinks.

　　“Whoever made the chi tea, Ms Schatzman says it was good，” Christy McKinley, a second year student, announced recently, after hanging up with the teacher. The shop is called the Dixie PIT, which stands for Power in Transition. Although some of the students are not disabled, many are, and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.

　　专题五│ 典例导练 They learn not only how to run a coffee shop but also how to deal with their affairs. They keep a timecard and receive paychecks, which they keep in check registers. Special-education teachers Kim Chevalier and Sue Casey introduced the Dixie PIT from a similar program at Kennesaw Mountain High School in Georgia. 专题五│ 典例导练 Not that it was easy. Chevalier’s first problem to overcome was product-related. Should schools be selling coffee? What about sugar content? Kenton County Food Service Director Ginger Gray helped. She made sure all the drinks, which use non-fat milk, fell within nutrition(营养)guidelines. 专题五│ 典例导练 The whole school has joined in to help. Teachers agreed to give up their lounge(休息室)in the mornings. Art students painted the name of the shop on the wall. Business students designed the paychecks. The basketball team helped pay for cups. 专题五│ 典例导练 ()1. What is the text mainly about? A．A best-selling coffee. B．A special educational program. C．Government support for schools.