选 修 7

　　Units 3～

　　写作进行时——图表、图画作文

　　一、图表作文

　　[技巧点拨]

　　Ⅰ.写作要点

　　纵观近几年的高考书面表达试题，图表类作文是当今高考英语书面表达的常考题型之一，此类题型要求考生根据数据进行分析与讨论，得出令人信服的结论，或者对这一结论进行评价。

　　A．柱状图作为直观形象展示数据变化的手段之一，常常在高考英语书面表达试题中出现。而柱状类议论文要求考生要具备一定的数据分析能力，要能够通过对宽度相等的柱形的高度的比较来判断事物的动态发展趋势。

　　B．英语曲线图作文实际是一篇“解说词”，即通过曲线图提供的信息，分析图中数据，综合推断出文章的主题。

　　C．解答此类试题时，要认真观察坐标系信息，抓住变化趋势，结合提供的时间和数据参照寻求切入点。然后根据变化过程，尽可能利用所给的文字信息进行分类、比较、总结。

　　另外，写作过程中不必要将图中全部数据信息加以描述，只需将典型内容加以分析。

　　Ⅱ.写作模板

　　As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table/picture，________has been on rise/decrease, significantly/dramatically rising/decreasing from________in________to________in________. From the sharp rise/decline in the chart, it goes without saying that________.

　　There are at least two good reasons accounting for________. On(the)one hand，________. On the other hand，________is due to the fact that________. In addition，________is responsible for________. Maybe there are some other reasons to show________. But it is generally believed that the reasons mentioned above are commonly convincing.

　　As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that________.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

　　[习作点评]

　　以下是某英文报联合你校对你市(Kangming City)1998年到2010年家庭消费变化的图表，请据此写一篇短文，作为文字说明。词数120～150。

　　The average family income in our Kangming City increased from 8,000 yuan per year in 1998 to 20,000 yuan in 2010. In the meantime, the structure of the average family expenses has_been_changed,_too. 【此处应该使用现在完成时的主动形式has changed。】These graphs show the change clearly.

　　The biggest part of the average family expenses is housing. In 1998, the average family spent 25 percent of its income on housing. In_2010,_expenses_on_housing_rose_to_42_percent. 【在该句前应该使用While表示前后两种情况的对比。】Food and drink is the second biggest part of the average family expenses. In 1998, about 18% of the average income was spent on this item. In_2010,_the_figure_grew_by_30%.【在此句前应该添加Whereas表示对比，同时又与前面的while不同，显示用词表达的多样性。】As a result of such increase in the expenses on housing and food, expenses on other items have reduced from 57% in 1998 to 28% in 2010.

　　Thus, a conclusion can_draw that as income increases, people can improve their living steps. 【此处应该使用被动语态can be drawn。】

　　二、图画作文

　　Ⅰ.写作要点

　　图画作文一般可以分三段来描述。第一段用来描述图画并揭示其寓意(寓意一般用一句话来概括就可以)，第二段分析原因，最后一段发表评论或提出建议，其中第二、三段应该是写作的重点。具体来说，应注意以下几点：

　　1．看清漫画的标题。

　　2．仔细观察漫画，弄清画面的含义，抓住画面的主题。

　　3．仔细品味漫画的语言文字，认真思考其中所隐含的观点。

　　4．根据画面内容，进行合理想像。

　　5．认真安排内容，布局谋篇。

　　Ⅱ.常用句式

　　1．开头

　　Look at the picture/The picture shows that.../From the picture, we can see.../As is shown in the picture.../As is seen in the picture.../ As is described in the picture... / The purpose of the picture is to show us that.../The picture indicates / conveys the meaning that...

　　2．衔接句

　　As

　　we

　　all

　　know，.../As

　　is

　　known

　　to

　　all.../In

　　my opinion，.../As far as I am concerned，.../This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.

　　3．结尾句

　　In conclusion.../In brief.../On the whole.../In short.../ In a word，.../Generally speaking，.../As has been stated...

　　[习作点评]

　　为唤起大家的交通安全意识，假如某中学英语报社就下面的图画举行征文活动。请你根据下面的信息提示写一篇词数为120～150的英语短文参加比赛。

　　这幅漫画想告诉我们什么？你有何感想？

　　In the cartoon, we can see a man make a phone call is driving his car crazily past two people. 【make a phone call作a man的定语，应用making。】At the sight of the scene, one of them said he did the same thing as the driver before.【此处应该使用过去完成时had done。】Obviously, the badly injured man felt very sorrow_and_regret about what he had done.【此处应该分别使用形容词形式“sorrowful and regretful”。】What the cartoon implies is that we should never neglect the traffic safety rules，and we would regret all the life.【此处要用or表示转折关系。】

　　On seeing the cartoon，I can't help remind people to observe the traffic rules strictly.【此处要用can't help doing这一短语结构表示“情不自禁”。】For one thing, it concerns the safety and happiness of all the people, _either you are a driver or a pedestrian. 【此处要用whether...or...连接状语从句。】For another, we should enforce the punishment to the traffic-rule-breakers, make them fully understand the great value of observing the rules. 【此处用现在分词短语making...作目的状语。】

　　[跟踪演练]

　　1　(2011·湖南)

　　假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按如下要求完成一篇短文：

　　1．简要描述下图内容，并点明主题；

　　2．联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。

　　注意：

　　1．词数不少于120个；

　　2．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　参考范文：

　　As is illustrated in the picture，one drop of water does not make a sea; one tree does not make a forest；one person does not make a society.It tells us that in our society two heads are better than one and unity is strength. Nowadays there are still many poor students.They can not afford to go to school.Luckily，many people and organizations donate a lot of money to help them receive college education smoothly.

　　In a word，we should offer our help and love to the persons in need.I believe that if every one of us can give help and love to others，the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.

　　2　(2011·江苏)

　　上面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家的妈妈拿包的情景。请根据你对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。

　　你的短文应包含以下内容：

　　1． 描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等；

　　2． 结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想；

　　3． 举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。

　　注意：1.可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。

　　2．词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。

　　3．作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。

　　The burden of students has been a hot topic for years，but the load of parents has received little attention，especially from their own children._______________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　参考范文：

　　The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.

　　The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom.Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels.

　　All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But，totally engaged in my own study，I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels, and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself，so as to share my mother's daily burden. The

　　picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student.

　　选 修 7

　　Units 3～

　　写作进行时——图表、图画作文

　　一、图表作文

　　[技巧点拨]

　　Ⅰ.写作要点

　　纵观近几年的高考书面表达试题，图表类作文是当今高考英语书面表达的常考题型之一，此类题型要求考生根据数据进行分析与讨论，得出令人信服的结论，或者对这一结论进行评价。

　　A．柱状图作为直观形象展示数据变化的手段之一，常常在高考英语书面表达试题中出现。而柱状类议论文要求考生要具备一定的数据分析能力，要能够通过对宽度相等的柱形的高度的比较来判断事物的动态发展趋势。

　　B．英语曲线图作文实际是一篇“解说词”，即通过曲线图提供的信息，分析图中数据，综合推断出文章的主题。

　　C．解答此类试题时，要认真观察坐标系信息，抓住变化趋势，结合提供的时间和数据参照寻求切入点。然后根据变化过程，尽可能利用所给的文字信息进行分类、比较、总结。

　　另外，写作过程中不必要将图中全部数据信息加以描述，只需将典型内容加以分析。

　　Ⅱ.写作模板

　　As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table/picture，________has been on rise/decrease, significantly/dramatically rising/decreasing from________in________to________in________. From the sharp rise/decline in the chart, it goes without saying that________.

　　There are at least two good reasons accounting for________. On(the)one hand，________. On the other hand，________is due to the fact that________. In addition，________is responsible for________. Maybe there are some other reasons to show________. But it is generally believed that the reasons mentioned above are commonly convincing.

　　As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that________.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

　　[习作点评]

　　以下是某英文报联合你校对你市(Kangming City)1998年到2010年家庭消费变化的图表，请据此写一篇短文，作为文字说明。词数120～150。

　　The average family income in our Kangming City increased from 8,000 yuan per year in 1998 to 20,000 yuan in 2010. In the meantime, the structure of the average family expenses has_been_changed,_too. 【此处应该使用现在完成时的主动形式has changed。】These graphs show the change clearly.

　　The biggest part of the average family expenses is housing. In 1998, the average family spent 25 percent of its income on housing. In_2010,_expenses_on_housing_rose_to_42_percent. 【在该句前应该使用While表示前后两种情况的对比。】Food and drink is the second biggest part of the average family expenses. In 1998, about 18% of the average income was spent on this item. In_2010,_the_figure_grew_by_30%.【在此句前应该添加Whereas表示对比，同时又与前面的while不同，显示用词表达的多样性。】As a result of such increase in the expenses on housing and food, expenses on other items have reduced from 57% in 1998 to 28% in 2010.

　　Thus, a conclusion can_draw that as income increases, people can improve their living steps. 【此处应该使用被动语态can be drawn。】

　　二、图画作文

　　Ⅰ.写作要点

　　图画作文一般可以分三段来描述。第一段用来描述图画并揭示其寓意(寓意一般用一句话来概括就可以)，第二段分析原因，最后一段发表评论或提出建议，其中第二、三段应该是写作的重点。具体来说，应注意以下几点：

　　1．看清漫画的标题。

　　2．仔细观察漫画，弄清画面的含义，抓住画面的主题。

　　3．仔细品味漫画的语言文字，认真思考其中所隐含的观点。

　　4．根据画面内容，进行合理想像。

　　5．认真安排内容，布局谋篇。

　　Ⅱ.常用句式

　　1．开头

　　Look at the picture/The picture shows that.../From the picture, we can see.../As is shown in the picture.../As is seen in the picture.../ As is described in the picture... / The purpose of the picture is to show us that.../The picture indicates / conveys the meaning that...

　　2．衔接句

　　As

　　we

　　all

　　know，.../As

　　is

　　known

　　to

　　all.../In

　　my opinion，.../As far as I am concerned，.../This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.

　　3．结尾句

　　In conclusion.../In brief.../On the whole.../In short.../ In a word，.../Generally speaking，.../As has been stated...

　　[习作点评]

　　为唤起大家的交通安全意识，假如某中学英语报社就下面的图画举行征文活动。请你根据下面的信息提示写一篇词数为120～150的英语短文参加比赛。

　　这幅漫画想告诉我们什么？你有何感想？

　　In the cartoon, we can see a man make a phone call is driving his car crazily past two people. 【make a phone call作a man的定语，应用making。】At the sight of the scene, one of them said he did the same thing as the driver before.【此处应该使用过去完成时had done。】Obviously, the badly injured man felt very sorrow_and_regret about what he had done.【此处应该分别使用形容词形式“sorrowful and regretful”。】What the cartoon implies is that we should never neglect the traffic safety rules，and we would regret all the life.【此处要用or表示转折关系。】

　　On seeing the cartoon，I can't help remind people to observe the traffic rules strictly.【此处要用can't help doing这一短语结构表示“情不自禁”。】For one thing, it concerns the safety and happiness of all the people, _either you are a driver or a pedestrian. 【此处要用whether...or...连接状语从句。】For another, we should enforce the punishment to the traffic-rule-breakers, make them fully understand the great value of observing the rules. 【此处用现在分词短语making...作目的状语。】

　　[跟踪演练]

　　1　(2011·湖南)

　　假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按如下要求完成一篇短文：

　　1．简要描述下图内容，并点明主题；

　　2．联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。

　　注意：

　　1．词数不少于120个；

　　2．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　参考范文：

　　As is illustrated in the picture，one drop of water does not make a sea; one tree does not make a forest；one person does not make a society.It tells us that in our society two heads are better than one and unity is strength. Nowadays there are still many poor students.They can not afford to go to school.Luckily，many people and organizations donate a lot of money to help them receive college education smoothly.

　　In a word，we should offer our help and love to the persons in need.I believe that if every one of us can give help and love to others，the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.

　　2　(2011·江苏)

　　上面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家的妈妈拿包的情景。请根据你对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。

　　你的短文应包含以下内容：

　　1． 描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等；

　　2． 结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想；

　　3． 举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。

　　注意：1.可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。

　　2．词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。

　　3．作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。

　　The burden of students has been a hot topic for years，but the load of parents has received little attention，especially from their own children._______________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　参考范文：

　　The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.

　　The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom.Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels.

　　All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But，totally engaged in my own study，I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels, and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself，so as to share my mother's daily burden. The

　　picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student.