【悟一悟?参透误区】 in possession of 的主语是人, in the possession of的主语为物。 2. think back to 回想 【填一填?激活思维】 ①That poem makes me _____ _____ __ my childhood.

　　那首诗使我回想起我的童年。 ②I _______ _____ __ the moment when the stranger had

　　come into the room.

　　我回想起陌生人闯进屋子的那一刻。 think back to thought back to 【记一记?构建知识】 think about

　　考虑 think back　回想, 回忆 think of想起, 记得, 认为 think over　仔细考虑一下(指想过了, 再想) 3. in addition除……以外(还), 此外 in addition to除……以外, 除……之外(还)(to为介词) 【填一填?激活思维】 ① (2024·山东高考) __ ________, I will take a short trip to

　　Beijing to take a summer course in the New Oriental School.

　　另外, 我要短途旅行去北京新东方学校参加一个暑期课程。 ②__ ________ __ giving a general introduction to computers,

　　the course also provides practical experience.

　　这门课程除了大致介绍电脑知识外, 还提供实际操作(的机会)。 In addition In addition to 【记一记?构建知识】 当主语后跟由in addition to引出的介词短语时, 谓语动词仍与其前的主语保持一致。有类似用法的还有with, together with, along with, as well as等。 *The bat together with the balls was stolen.

　　球拍和球都被偷走了。 4. draw someone’s attention to吸引某人的注意力到……,

　　使(某人)察觉到 【填一填?激活思维】 ①His song ______ ____ ________.

　　他的歌吸引了我们的注意力。 ②The chairman clapped to _____ ____ ________ __ his speech.

　　主席拍手以引起我们对他的演讲的注意。 draws our attention draw our attention to 【记一记?构建知识】 bring sth. to one’s attention　 使某人注意某事 call one’s attention to sth. 提醒某人注意某物 draw/catch/attract one’s attention

　　引起某人的注意 fix one’s attention on sth. 集中注意力于某事物 pay attention to

　　注意 *Pay no attention to what Bill said — he’s a complete liar!

　　比尔说的话别当真, 他是个十足的骗子!

　　*Please bring it to my attention next time it happens.

　　下次如果(再)发生的话, 请提醒我注意。 5. (1)Arrived here to find everything was in chaos.

　　来到这儿, 发现一切都乱糟糟的。 (2)Instead of sand blowing everywhere, there is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place.

　　这里到处是泥和水, 而不是沙子吹得满天飞, 结果使得从一个地方到另一个地方旅游就很难了。 【填一填?激活思维】仿写句子。 ①She hurried to the stadium, _______________________ ____________.

　　她匆匆赶到体育馆, 结果发现票已经卖完了。 ②She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground,

　　___________________.

　　她非常生气, 把玩具扔在地上, 把它摔成了碎片。 only to find the tickets had been sold out breaking it into pieces 【记一记?构建知识】 (1)句中to find. . . 为不定式短语作结果状语。动词不定式作结果状语表示意想不到的结果, 前面常有only。 (2)句中making it difficult to travel from place to place是现在分词短语作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语表示“自然而然、必然的结果”, 前面经常出现逗号。 【辨一辨?明晰异同】 worth- while 作表语或定语; 常用very修饰; It’s worthwhile doing/to do sth. worth 只作表语; 常用well表示“非常”, 而一般不用very; be worth +n. /pron. /v. -ing(动名词的主动形式表被动意义) worthy 作表语或定语; 常用very修饰; be worthy of +n. / being done; be worthy to be done 5. alternative adj. 可供替代的; 两者择一的, (两者中)非此即彼的 n. 可供选择的事物; 取舍, 抉择 【填一填?激活思维】 ①Is there ___ __________ __ surgery ___ this complaint?

　　除了手术外, 这种疾病还有其他治疗方法吗?

　　②I’m afraid I _____ ___ __________ ___ __ report you to

　　the police.

　　恐怕除了向警方告发你以外, 我是别无选择了。 an alternative to for have no alternative but to 【记一记?构建知识】 an alternative for sb. 　给某人的选择 an alternative to

　　……的替换物 have little/no alternative but to do

　　除做……外几乎/完全没有其他选择 6. means

　　n. [C]手段, 方法

　　[pl. ]财富; 钱财 【填一填?激活思维】 ①All possible means _____ _____ _____.

　　=Every means ___ _____ _____.

　　一切办法都试过了。 ②He lacks ___ ______ to support a large family.

　　他无钱养活一个大家庭。 have been tried has been tried the means 【记一记?构建知识】 (1)a means of (doing) sth.

　　(做)某事的方法 means of production/transport/communication 　 生产工具/运输工具/通信手段 (2)by means of　用, 依靠; 通过 by all means无论如何; 千方百计地; 当然可以(口语) by no means绝对不; 无论如何都不(用于句首, 句子要倒装) *“Shall I ask him to come in? ” “By all means. ” “我请他进来好吗? ”“当然可以。” *By no means is this the first time you have been late.

　　这绝对不是你第一次迟到了。 【拓展延伸】 (1)means是单复数同形(永远有词尾-s)的单词, 若用其作主语, 其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。 (2)有时用作主语其单复数意思不明, 则谓语可用单数也可用复数。 7. remind vt. 提醒; 使想起 【填一填?激活思维】 ①The film _________ ____ __ what he had seen in China.

　　这部影片使他回想起他在中国所看到的一切。 ②Be sure to _______ ___ __ _____ back early.

　　一定要提醒她早点回来。 ③I must _______ ____ ____ time is money.

　　我必须提醒他时间就是金钱。 reminded him of remind her to come remind him that 【记一记?构建知识】 remind sb. of/about sth.

　　提醒某人某事; 使某人想起某事 remind sb. to do sth.

　　提醒某人做某事 remind (sb. ) that/how/what 从句提醒(某人)…… 【拓展延伸】 与remind用法相类似的短语还有:

　　rob sb. of sth.　

　　抢劫某人某物 warn sb. of sth.

　　警告某人某事 accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人某事 suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事 convince sb. of sth. 　

　　使某人确信某事 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 cure sb. of sth. 　 治疗某人的疾病 【核心短语】 8. refer to 谈及, 提到; 与……相关, 涉及; 查阅, 参考 【填一填?激活思维】观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。 ①He never referred to his sisters in his letters. (

　　) ②When I said some people were stupid I wasn’t referring to

　　you. (

　　) ③If you don’t know the exact meaning of the word, you may

　　refer to the dictionary. (

　　) ④These regulations refer to every foreigner. (

　　) ⑤He referred to us for information. (

　　) 谈到, 提到 指的是 查阅, 参考 适用于 向……询问或打听…… 【悟一悟?参透误区】 (1)look up表示“参考, 查阅”时, 其宾语多为word, information等。 (2)refer to的宾语多为book, dictionary, sb. 等。 例如: He referred to the dictionary in order to look up the new word. 为了查这个生词的意思, 他查阅了词典。 9. break down 出故障; 抛锚; 垮掉; 拆分 【填一填?激活思维】观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。 ①Our car broke down and we had to draw it to a garage.

　　(

　　) ②John broke down the washing machine into pieces. (

　　) ③To our great surprise, his health has broken down

　　completely. (

　　) ④She broke down when she heard the news, but she quickly

　　recovered. (

　　) ⑤The peace talks between the two countries broke down.

　　(

　　) 抛锚 拆分 衰弱下来, 身体垮掉 痛哭 失败 【记一记?构建知识】 break away from　 从……脱离, 断绝关系 break in　破门而入 break into 闯入, 潜入, 破门而入 break out

　　爆发 【猜一猜?熟词生义】写出黑体部分的含义。 The police tried to break down the prisoners’ opposition.

　　(

　　) 制服, 镇压 10. make a difference有作用(关系、影响) 【填一填?激活思维】 ①(2024·安徽高考)I hope my behavior will _____ __ _________.

　　我希望我的行为会有作用。 ②The law will _____ ___ _________ __ my business.

　　这个法案对我的生意不会有什么影响。 make a difference make no difference to 【记一记?构建知识】 make no/little/much difference to 对……没有/几乎没有/有很大影响 make a difference between区别对待 be of little/no/much difference (某物)几乎没有/没有/有很大作用 tell the difference between A and B 区分A和B *Make a difference between these sounds.

　　把这些音区别开来。 *He cannot tell the difference between the two.

　　他找不出两者之间的差异。 【经典句式】 11. My job with the UN is not paid but voluntary, and as I said before, I visit countries where the UN has programmes to help people.

　　我在联合国的工作不是拿薪水而是自愿的, 正如我前面所说的, 我访问一些国家, 联合国在这些国家内有着帮助人们的计划。 【填一填?激活思维】仿写句子。 ①___________, “No pains, no gains”.

　　我们都知道: 不劳无获。 ②_______________, great changes have taken place in China.

　　正如我们有目共睹的, 中国发生了巨大变化。 As we know As we all can see 【记一记?构建知识】 (1)as可作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句, 代表整个主句的内容, 所引导的定语从句可放在主句后, 主句前或主句中间。 (2)as引导的定语从句主要起连接上下文的作用, 表达说话者的观点、看法, 并指出主句内容的根据或出处, 翻译成“正如, 正像”。 (3)as常用于一些固定结构中, 如as we know/as is known to all (众所周知), as we all can see (正如我们大家都能看到的那样), as has been said before/above (正如前文所述), as might be expected (正如预料的那样), as is often the case (情况常常是这样)等, 一般不能用which代替as。 *He shouts when he gets angry, as is often the case.

　　他生气时就大叫, 这是常有的情形。 *As might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed.

　　正如所预料的那样, 对这个问题的回应是五花八门。 【悟一悟?参透误区】 which也可以引导非限制性定语从句, 代表整个主句的内容, 但which引导的定语从句只能放在主句后, 且从句在意义上相当于一个并列句, 可以用and this代替, 翻译成“这一点, 这件事”。 *He sold his bike, which surprised me.

　　(=He sold his bike, and this surprised me. ) 他把自行车卖了, 这使我很惊讶。 【拓展延伸】as引导限制性定语从句的常用结构 as作关系代词既可指人也可指物, 引导限制性定语从句, 常用于下列结构中: such. . . as. . . ; so. . . as. . . ; the same. . . as. . . ; as. . . as. . . 。例如:

　　*I never heard such stories as he tells.

　　我从未听过他讲的这类故事。 *The place doesn’t look the same as it was before liberation.

　　这个地方看上去和解放前大不一样了。 *Have you bought the same book as I referred to yesterday?

　　你有没有买我昨天提到的那本书啊?

　　*You can take as many books as you need.

　　你需要多少书就拿多少。 12. If only I were a Goodwill Ambassador!

　　要是我是一个亲善大使多好啊!

　　【填一填?激活思维】仿写句子。 ①_________________________ 要是我能再看到他多好啊!

　　②_____________________ 要是我知道他的名字就好了!

　　③________________________________ 要是我们采纳了你的意见就好了!

　　If only I could see him again! If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! 【记一记?构建知识】 if only意为“若是……那该多好啊; 真希望……”。 (1)表示目前较难实现的愿望时用if only sb. + did/ were. . . 。 (2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望时用if only sb. +had done sth. 。 【辨一辨?明晰异同】

　　*Only if you work hard can you succeed.

　　只有努力工作, 你才能获得成功。 if only “但愿……, 要是……就好了”, 通常用来表示说话人对某事所寄予的某种强烈愿望, 常用虚拟语气 only if “只有……(才); 只有在……的时候; 唯一的条件是……”; only if本身不是一个固定词组, only是副词, 用来修饰整个if从句; 若用于句首, 后接从句, 主句要部分倒装 【要点拾遗】 1. possession n. [U]拥有, 具有, 占有, 持有 　

　　[pl. ]个人财产, 私人物品 【填一填?激活思维】 他拥有一栋大房子。(一句多译) ①He is __ _________ __ a large house.

　　②A large house is __ ___ _________ __ him.

　　③He ___ _________ __ a large house.

　　in possession of in the possession of has possession of 【记一记?构建知识】 (1)sb. be in possession of sth. /sth. be in sb. ’s possession 某人拥有某物 sth. be in the possession of sb. 　某物为某人所拥有 come into possession　得到, 落入 have/get possession of

　　占有, 拥有 take possession of 占领, 夺取 (2)possess 　 v. 拥有 be possessed of　

　　拥有, 占有 *(2024·重庆高考) On the day Joe graduated, he presented the teacher with his most precious possession.

　　乔毕业的那天, 他把他最宝贵的东西送给了老师。 *Different workers possess different skills.

　　不同的工人拥有不同的技能。 *She is possessed of health and wealth.

　　她拥有健康和财富。 Unit 4 Helping people around the world 【话题词汇】 1. responsibilityn. 责任 2. traditionn. 传统 3. quality

　　n. 品质 4. difficulty　

　　n. 困难 5. offer 　 v. 提供 6. grateful adj. 感激的 7. meaningful　

　　adj. 有意义的 8. immediately　

　　adv. 立刻, 马上 9. be supposed to

　　理应, 应当 10. give sb. a hand 帮助某人 11. be kind to　

　　友好对待 12. depend on依靠, 依赖 13. in one’s view

　　在某人看来 14. care for　关心 15. in trouble　

　　处于困境中 【经典语篇】 (2024·陕西高考)假定你是李华, 请根据写作要点用英语写一篇周记, 记述你周末帮助家人做家务的一次经历。 写作要点: 1. 做家务的理由;

　　2. 做家务的过程;

　　3. 你的感受。 [事情起因] I am an 18-year-old middle school student. I have been busy with my study and seldom help my parents with the housework. ① Feeling quite sorry for that, I begin to think about what to do to help.

　　[事情经过] Last Sunday, when my parents went out shopping, I suddenly got an idea: why not give the rooms a thorough cleaning? ② Firstly I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture. After that, I swept and mopped the floors.

　　[个人感受] At this very moment, my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining. My mother gave me a hug and I could see satisfaction in her eyes. Tired as I was, I never felt so happy.

　　【厚积薄发】 Ⅰ. 完成句子 (1)当我们看到有人处于困境中时, 我们理应伸出援助之手。 When we see someone _________, we __________________ ______________.

　　(2)我们都有关心下一代的责任。 We all _____________________________the next generation.

　　in trouble are supposed to give him/her a hand have the responsibility to care for Ⅱ. 句型转换 (1)把句①改为原因状语从句。 _____________________________, I begin to think about what to do to help.

　　(2)把句②中的过去分词改为定语从句作定语。 Firstly I collected all the books, newspapers and other things

　　_________________in the rooms and put them in place.

　　Because I feel quite sorry for that that were scattered Ⅰ. 单词?分类记忆 【核心单词】不可不记 1. _______ (adj. )