Module

　　2

　　Unit

　　6

　　Design

　　Ⅰ.品句填词

　　1．The young woman danced so e________in the ball that everybody gave her loud applause.

　　2．I’m afraid that this problem will be too a________for the students to understand.

　　3．We were determined not to let the disaster r________our country.

　　4．He wiped the s________from time to time in such a hot day.

　　5．When he got out of the station，he went________(直接地)to the hotel he had booked.

　　6．The theatre was designed by a famous French________(建筑师)．

　　7．Kate stood there like a________(雕像)，watching and thinking.

　　8．She looks like a princess in a________(童话)．

　　答案：1.elegantly　2.abstract　3.ruin　4.sweat　5.straight　6.architect　7.statue　8.fairytale

　　Ⅱ.短语识境

　　1．The famous university________500 years ago and it is even more important nowadays.

　　2．Who________the story which sounds terrible at night?

　　3．Stone________build arms in the old times.

　　4．His diseases could________the poor working environment.

　　5．It seems________it is going to rain.

　　6．He________another method after he had failed again.

　　7．The library________the center of city.

　　8．They didn’t notice me because they________just now.

　　答案：1.dates from　2.shares with　3.was used to　4.be related to　5.as if　6.was dreaming up　7.is located in　8.were deep/lost in thought

　　1．我们决不怜悯人民的敌人。(show mercy on)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　2．他们不辞劳苦地帮助我。(pain)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　3．他对人的畏惧和他不幸的童年有关系。(be related to)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　4．汤姆几乎迫不及待地想试一下他的新车。(try out)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　答案：1.We show no mercy on the enemies of the people in any way.

　　2．They took great pains to help me.

　　3．His fear of people is related to his unhappy childhood.

　　4．Tom could hardly wait to try out his new car.

　　1．The film Mei Lanfang，________Li Ming plays the starring role，has again drawn the world’s attention to our traditional Chinese art.

　　A．what

　　B．that

　　C．which

　　D．where

　　解析：考查定语从句。where Li Ming plays the starring role是非限制性定语从句，where在从句中作状语，相当于in which。

　　答案：D

　　2．I ________ to go for a walk，but someone called and I couldn’t get away.

　　A．was planning

　　B．planned

　　C．had planned

　　D．would plan

　　解析：考查时态。此处plan这一动作发生在called之前，故应用过去完成时。plan，think，hope，expect，want等词用于过去完成时时，通常表示过去未曾实现的愿望或安排等，可理解为 “本计划/打算/希望……”。

　　答案：C

　　3．You’d better go there by train.The train ticket is ________ the airplane ticket.

　　A．as cheap three times as

　　B．as three times cheap as

　　C．three times cheaper than

　　D．cheaper three times than

　　解析：考查倍数表达法。表达倍数时可用 “倍数词＋比较级＋than” 结构。

　　答案：C

　　4．What advice would you give to the young people who ________ you and who want to be like you?

　　A．look up to

　　B．look forward to

　　C．look down upon

　　D．look out for

　　解析：考查动词短语。你会给那些敬仰你并希望成为像你一样的年轻人什么建议呢？look up to “尊敬，敬仰”；look forward to “盼望，期待”；look down upon “看不起，鄙视”；look out for “当心，留神”。

　　答案：A

　　5．Both the parents are away on business.Who do you advise________the child at home?

　　A．attend

　　B．to attend

　　C．attending

　　D．attended

　　解析：考查非谓语动词。advise之后只能接动名词作宾语，但可以接不定式作宾语补足语，构成advise sb.to do sth.结构，此题的非谓语动词不是作宾语，而是作who的补语。故用动词不定式。

　　答案：B

　　6．________ it occurred to him that he had left his card at home.

　　A．It was until did he get to an ATM that

　　B．Not until he got to an ATM

　　C．It was not until he got to an ATM that

　　D．He didn’t get to an ATM until

　　解析：考查强调句型。直到来到自动取款机前，他才突然想起自己把银行卡落在家里了。not until位于句首时采用部分倒装；用于强调句中时，不倒装。故选C项。

　　答案：C

　　7．After the meeting，representatives can enjoy the beautiful scenes of Paris，________are within walking distance.

　　A．most of them

　　B．most of which

　　C．most of that

　　D．most of where

　　解析：考查定语从句。语意是：在会议结束之后，代表们可以欣赏巴黎的美景，其中大多数景点步行即可到达。后半句是非限制性定语从句，用which引导。

　　答案：B

　　8．—Excuse me，I want to change my money，where can I find a bank?

　　—I know ________ nearby.Come on，I’ll show you.

　　A．that

　　B．it

　　C．one

　　D．some

　　解析：考查代词。我知道附近有一家，来吧，我带你去。one泛指bank这一类中的一家。

　　答案：C

　　知识拓展：选项中的这几个词都可以用作代词，但所指内容不同。(1)one指代上文提到的某个单数可数名词，表泛指意义。与上文提到的不是同一个事物，不能指代前面整句话的意思。其前可以用定冠词或形容词来修饰。(2)ones代指上文出现的或已知的复数名词，也是类指，可以用定冠词或形容词来修饰。(3)that含有特指意义。既可以指代较远的人或物，也可以指代已经提到的或已知的人或物，还可以用来指代前面整句话的意思，不能用冠词或形容词修饰。(4)it指代上文提到的同一个事物，可以指代婴儿或性别不详者，还可以指代前面整句话的意思。通常用作形式主语和形式宾语。其前不能用冠词或形容词修饰。

　　9．After Macau returns to China，the previous capitalist system and way of life________remain unchanged for 50 years.

　　A．will

　　B．shall

　　C．can

　　D．may

　　解析：考查情态动词。澳门回归中国之后，保持原有的资本主义制度和生活方式五十年不变。shall用于政策条文中，表示 “命令、指示或规定”。

　　答案：B

　　10．________ you’re greatly tempted to do something，it is wise of you to think twice before going about it.

　　A．Whenever

　　B．No matter what

　　C．Even if

　　D．As if

　　解析：考查状语从句。无论什么时候当你很想做某事时，明智的做法是三思而后行。whenever引导状语从句相当于no matter when，表示 “无论什么时候”。

　　答案：A

　　Scholars and researchers have tried to discover what personality characteristics go along with success in intercultural experiences.Their findings have often been unclear or incomplete.But three characteristics stand out in their reports：patience，a sense of humor，and the awareness of being unclear.

　　Patience，of course，is the ability to keep calm even when things do not go as one wants them to，or hopes they will，or has even been sure they will.Impatience sometimes brings improvements in relations with other people，but usually it does not.

　　A person with a sense of humor is less likely to take things too seriously and more ready to see the humor in his own reactions than a humorless person.The value of a sense of humor really needs to be paid more attention to.

　　“The_awareness_of_being_unclear”is a more difficult concept than patience or a sense of humor.Foreigners often find themselves in situations that are unclear to the newcomers.That is，they do not know what is happening in the situation.Perhaps they do not understand the local language well enough，or they do not know how some system or organization works，or they can’t be sure of different people’s roles in what is going on.“It’s like I just got here from the moon，”a Chinese graduate student who newly arrived in the United states said，“Things are just so different here.”

　　1．The passage mainly tells us________.

　　A．some problems about communication

　　B．humor—an important thing in communication

　　C．some characteristics in communicating with foreigners

　　D．three useful ways of communicating with foreigners

　　解析：主旨概括题。本文采用“总——分”结构讲述跨文化交际应具备的三个特点。

　　答案：C

　　2．From the third paragraph，we can infer that a humorous person________.

　　A．tends to treat everything carelessly

　　B．is optimistic about things

　　C．likes making fun of others

　　D．is an impatient one

　　解析：由第三段可知，有幽默感的人不会把事情看得太重，总能看到自己行为中的幽默所在，也就是对事情总能保持乐观的态度。

　　答案：B

　　3．The underlined part“The awareness of being unclear”refers to“________”．

　　A．knowing the meaning of an exact situation

　　B．not stating clearly what happens

　　C．realizing the possible misunderstanding

　　D．being aware of the unclear situations

　　解析：根据最后一段举例内容知道是指人们在陌生的或特定的情况下，不知道会发生什么。

　　答案：D

　　4．What can we know from the passage?

　　A．It is necessary to learn a language before you go abroad

　　B．Americans are used to the culture of other countries.

　　C．Patience usually improves the relationship with others.

　　D．To live in a foreign land，one should get fully prepared.

　　解析：由第二段可知，忍耐是保持冷静的一种能力，急躁通常不利于促进与他人的关系，言外之意，有耐心才会促进人与人之间的关系。

　　答案：C

　　第四节　完形填空题常见问题与解决方法

　　完形填空是学生最犯怵的题型之一，由于文章的残缺性和不连贯性使得很多学生难以正确理解文章的内容，所以导致大量失分。根据完形填空测试特点，阅卷老师无论是在校研究生或老师，都非常一致地认为，在做完形填空时，学生非常容易出现的错误如下：

　　问题一：没有注意上下文的内在联系，而只拘泥于个别词句的意思。

　　问题二：基础知识不牢固，对同义词、近义词的辨析能力不强，以及对一词多义掌握不全面。

　　问题三：文章的意思无法准确掌握，把握不好文章主旨大意而大量失分。

　　下面我来一一讲解：

　　问题一：没有注意上下文的内在联系，而只拘泥于个别词句的意思

　　问题描述与分析

　　完形填空出题的理论依据是，人类在阅读的时候，由于阅读思维的惯性，即使信息残缺也可以得到完整的理解，但是因为个别学生的思维习惯并没有得到很好地养成，所以有时太局限于个别词句，而没有上下联系，造成理解的偏误，因而失分。

　　典例精析与诊断

　　【例1】 (2009·全国Ⅰ卷)It was always thought that Treasure Island was the product of Robert Louis Stevenson’s imagination. __36__，recent research has found the true story of this exciting work.

　　Stevenson，a Scotsman，had lived __37__ for many years. In 1881 he returned to Scotland for a __38__. With him were his American wife Fanny and his son __39__.

　　Each morning Stevenson would take them out for a long __40__ over the hills. They had been __41__ this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the worse. Kept indoors by the heavy rain Lloyd felt the days __42__. To keep the boy happy Robert asked the boy to do some __43__.

　　One morning，the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island. Robert __44__ that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of __45__. “What’s that？” he asked.

　　“That’s the __46__ treasure，” said the boy. Robert suddenly __47__ something of an adventure story in the boy’s __48__. While the rain was pouring，Robert sat down by the fire to write a story. He would make the __49__ a twelve-year-old boy，just like Lloyd. But who would be the pirate(海盗)?

　　Robert had a good friend named Henry，who walked around with the __50__ of a wooden leg. Robert had always wanted to __51__ such a man in a story. __52__ Long John Silver，the pirate with a wooden leg，was __53__.

　　So，thanks to a __54__ September in Scotland，a friend with a wooden leg，and the imagination of a twelve-year-old boy，we have one of the greatest __55__ stories in the English language.

　　36．A.However

　　B．Therefore

　　C．Besides

　　D．Finally

　　37．A.alone

　　B．next door

　　C．at home

　　D．abroad

　　38．A.meeting

　　B．story

　　C．holiday

　　D．job

　　39．A.Lloyd

　　B．Robert

　　C．Henley

　　D．John

　　40．A.talk

　　B．rest

　　C．walk

　　D．game

　　41．A.attempting

　　B．missing

　　C．planning

　　D．enjoying

　　42．A.quiet

　　B．dull

　　C．busy

　　D．cold

　　43．A.cleaning

　　B．writing

　　C．drawing

　　D．exercising

　　【答案解析】

　　36．选择A。句意为：人们一直认为《金银岛》一书是史蒂文森凭空想象出来的。然而最近的一项研究披露了这部作品诞生的一些细节。表示转折关系，应选however。

　　37．选择D。前句的a Scotsman和下句returned to Scotland暗示，罗伯特·史蒂文森是苏格兰人，长期在国外生活。

　　38．选择C。根据第三段中第一句介绍他们每天早上爬山游玩，可判断他们一起回国时是为了度假。