必修

　　单元知识预览

　　项目 单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）

　　重点单词 1．official adj.office n．办公室→officer n．官员

　　2．voyage n3．native adj. n．本地人；本国人

　　4．actually adv.5．base vt.n.基部；基地；基础→basic adj.基本的；基础的

　　6．gradual adj.，gradually adv.逐渐地，

　　7．identity nidentical adj.相同的，identify v．确定；认出；鉴定

　　8．fluent adj.fluently adv.流利地，fluency n．流利，9．frequent adj.frequently adv.常常；频繁地→frequency n．频率；频度

　　10．usage nuseful adj.有用的→use n. & v．使用，11．command n. & vt.commander n．指挥员，12．request n& vt.请求；要求

　　13．expression nexpress v．表达→expressive adj.富于表情的；有表现力的

　　14．recognize vt.recognizable adj.容易认出的；易于识别的→recognition n．认出；认识；识别

　　15．accent n16．lightning n17．straight adv. adj.直的；笔直的；正直的

　　重点短语 1．because of2．come up

　　3．at present

　　4．make use of

　　5．such as

　　6．play a part in

　　7．ever before

　　8．even if/though

　　9．be based on

　　10．over time

　　11．in the early days

　　12．the same as

　　经典句型1．Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.2．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互交流。

　　3．Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.必备语法名词性从句25分）

　　假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部（photography club）将举办国际中学摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信。请他提供作品。信的内容包括：

　　1．主题：环境保护；

　　2．展览时间；

　　3．投稿邮箱：intlphotoshow@gmschool.com.

　　注意：

　　1．词数100左右；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

　　【答案】

　　Dear Peter，graphy club is going to hold an International High School Student Photography Show. The theme of the show is environmental protection. It will start from June 15th and last for three weeks. Any student who is interested is welcome to participate. I know you take good pictures and you've always wanted to do something for environmental protection. I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school. This is surely a good change for more people to see them. If you want to join, you can send your photos to intlphotoshow@gmschool.com.

　　Hope to hear from you soon.

　　Yours，

　　语言知识精析

　　1．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流。【例句研读】

　　中国是我们的_________，汉语是我们的___________。

　　（1）

　　(2)The tiger is native to India.

　　这种虎_________印度。

　　（2）

　　(3)He is a native of Beijing.他是___________。　

　　（3）

　　【归纳】’s native country/land　本国，祖国

　　native place　出生地

　　one’s native language　本国语，本族语，母语

　　a native of　当地人/产于……的动/植物

　　【即时巩固】After the international news, he went on to listen to the________ news.

　　2. _____ English that I couldn’t follow her.

　　A．So did fast the?native?speak B．So fast did the?native?speak

　　C．Did the?native?speak so fast D．So fast the?native?did speak

　　3. Pandas are?______ China.

　　A．with B．to C．for D．in

　　4. Whoever is_________ to the demanding job will be offered the well-paid one.

　　A．frequent B．equal C．native D．familiar

　　2．It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)What are you basing this theory on？

　　你这种理论的_________是什么？

　　（1）

　　(2)They decided to base the new company in New York.

　　他们决定将新成立的公司总部___________纽约。

　　（2）

　　(3)The town is an ideal base for touring the area.

　　这个镇子是在这一地区旅游观光的理想______________。（3）

　　【归纳】……为基础(或根据)

　　base sb./sth./oneself in以……为据点(或总部等)，把(总部等)设在

　　【即时巩固】

　　(1)This news report____________________________(是完全根据实际情况写成的)．(2)Judgment____________________________(应该以事实为依据), (3)I________________________________________________________________________

　　(根据一个真实的故事做的这期节目)．(4) There are a great number of words in the English language ______________ on colors.

　　A. based

　　B. base

　　C basing

　　D. is based

　　考点3．

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)The army is under the king’s command.军队由国王直接__________。（1）

　　(2)She has a good command of the German language.她____________德语。（2）

　　(3)He commanded us to leave should immediately.＝He commanded that we leave immediately.

　　他___________我们马上离开。

　　（3）

　　【归纳】’s command随心所欲地

　　at/by one’s command奉某人之命

　　in command of指挥；统帅

　　under one’s command由……指挥

　　take command of担任……的指挥

　　have a good command of很好地掌握

　　command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事

　　command that...(should) do...命令……

　　【温馨提示】后跟从句时从句中谓语通常用“should＋动词原形”其中should可以省略。【即时巩固】(1)The army is ____________________________(听从国王的支配)．(2)Didn't you realize the troops were ________________________________________________________________________

　　(在他的指挥下)?(3)He ________________________(精通) English.(4) The teacher commanded that the exercises ________ in an hour.

　　A．was finishedB．were finishedD．be finished

　　考点4．

　　(2)She made a request for some water.

　　她____________给点水。

　　（2）

　　(3)May I request your attention？____________你们注意一下好吗？

　　（3）

　　(4)I request (of him) that he should leave.

　　我_______________他离开。

　　（4）

　　(5)Visitors are requested not to touch the paintings.游客__________油画。 （5）

　　【归纳】……

　　It’s requested that...据要求……

　　at one’s requestat the request of sb. 应某人之请求be in request有需要，受欢迎

　　make a request for sth.请求，要求……

　　【即时巩固】Well, it does make a slight difference, but we'll do as you request.（照你的要求办）

　　（2）He ignored the neighbour’s requests that he （should）not make any noise.（不要发出吵闹声）

　　（3）The staff immediately requested that he （should）reconsider his decision.（重新考虑）

　　考点5．Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但是他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。

　　(2)Lawrence’s novel was eventually recognized as /to be a work of genius.

　　劳伦斯的小说最后___________天才的作品。

　　（2）

　　(3) It is recognized that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems.

　　人们一致___________环境污染已经成了最严重的问题之一。

　　（3）

　　【归纳】……认出某人/事(物)

　　recognize sb./sth. as/to be...承认某人(物)是…… It’s recognized that...人们公认……

　　out of/beyond recognition认不出来

　　【即时巩固】(1)用recognize或know的适当形式填空①I ____________ his voice on the phone just now.

　　②We ________________ him for about 20 years.

　　(2)完成句子

　　Ren Yueli____________________(被公认为)one of the best examples to those who have big dreams. (3)Even when the film star wears sunglasses or beards,people _______ him．

　　A．realize B．recover C．request D．recognize

　　6．

　　【例句研读】

　　（1）Your salary is chicken-feed compared to/ with （与….相比）what you could earn in America.

　　（2）Her talents stand out in comparison with/ compared to/ with the others.（和其他那些人比起来【归纳】… with…把…和…相比

　　compare…to

　　把……比作；比喻….相比

　　beyond comparison无可比拟地

　　by comparison比较起来in comparison with和……比起来【即时巩固】A beginner's painting______________ （不能与…相比that of an expert, who is very different in quality.

　　（2）When __________（比较）different cultures，we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities．Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one.

　　A. comparing

　　B. compares

　　C. to compare

　　D. compared

　　重点短语精讲

　　考点1．Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.后来，在17世纪英国人开始航海征服了世界其它地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语了。【归纳】【即时巩固】同义句转换(1)We had to go to school on foot because of the rain. ＝We had to walk to school ________ it ________．(2)We won the game because you helped us.＝____________________________(3) David said that it was______ his strong interest in literature_____ he chose the course.

　　A．because of; that

　　B．because; so

　　C．because; that

　　D．why; because

　　考点2．

　　(1)I’ll let you know if anything comes up.____________

　　(2)A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station.________________

　　(3)Your question came up at the meeting.________________

　　(4)The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.___________

　　(5)The young trees have come up._________

　　(6)I came up for an interview but didn’t get the job.________

　　【归纳】【温馨提示】 作“提出”讲时为不及物动词短语其主语通常为物无被动语态形式；若说“提出……来”应用come up with。【即时巩固】(1)He ____________________(走到我跟前) and asked me if I knew the time.(2)Did you ____________________________(提出新的意见来)?(3) The question of drug-taking is bound to (一定要) _____ at the next conference.

　　A．be come up

　　B．come up

　　C．come up with

　　D．be coming up

　　考点3．

　　【教材原句】So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。

　　我们应该__________每一分钟好好学习。（1）

　　(2)Our factory is making increasing use of robots.我们工厂正_________机器人。（2）

　　【归纳】【即时巩固】(1)根据汉语提By the 1600's Shakespeare was able to______________________(用比以前任何时候都大的词汇量)．(2)同义句转换rench.＝His free time ________________________ to learn French. (3) In order to go to a famous university, you must ________ each of the three years in Senior High School.

　　A．make most of

　　B．make best of

　　C．make good use for

　　D．make good use of

　　考点4.

　　play a role/part in在……中担任角色；在……中起作用

　　【教材原句】Geography also plays a part in making dialects.地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。

　　科技在发展农业中____________。（1）起重要作用

　　(2)He will play/act the role/part of the doctor in my latest drama.他将在我最新的戏里________。（2）出演医生的角色

　　【提示】play a role/part in是“动词＋名词＋介词”构成的动词短语，这类短语有两个重要考点：

　　(1)用名词做主语，用于被动句；

　　(2)用名词做先行词，用于定语从句。类似短语有：make use of, pay attention to等。

　　【归纳】……方面起重要作用

　　play the role of sb.＝play/act the part of sb.(在剧中)扮演某人的角色

　　play the leading role起主要(带头)作用

　　【即时巩固】(1)The man ____________________________(在这部电影中扮演角色) and became popular very soon.(2)John ________________________________(起重要作用) in the success of the meeting.(3)Clearly your own knowledge and experience will ________your decision.

　　A．make use ofB．play a part in

　　C．get along with

　　D．get tired of1 状语从句的连接词

　　【教材原句】Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所说的英语不尽相同，也可以相互交流。

　　【句法分析】句中 even if 相当于 even though, 意为即使；尽管，。even if/though 。

　　【例句研读】

　　1.Even if you don't like flowers, you shouldn't miss the flower exhibition.即使你不喜欢花，。We have decided to visit the museum even if it rains tomorrow.我们决定明天去参观博物馆，。【】【即时巩固】

　　A．as if　

　　B．now that

　　C．even though

　　D．so that

　　考点2

　　believe it or not 信不信由你。常在句中做插入语/no such thing 没有这样的事情。

　　【教材原句】

　　【句法分析】【】【即时巩固】

　　A．In a word

　　B．What’s more

　　C．That’s to say

　　D．Believe it or not

　　考点3

　　more...than...

　　【教材原句】It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.

　　【句法分析】more...than...可以看成是一种固定句式，其中的more可修饰名词、形容词、副词或动词。此句式一是表示“比……更……”之意，二是用于对人或物的同一性质或同一方面进行比较，表示“与其说……不如说……；不是……而是……”之意。 more...than之后接含有can的从句时，表示否定意义。