课时规范训练(单独成册)

　　训练(四十八)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　A

　　He was once referred to as the Picasso of poetry.Beloved by Chileans of all classes，he is one of the most widely read and respected poets in history.And this year is the 100th birthday of Pablo Neruda (1904—1973)．

　　Born with the name Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto，he was a tall，shy and lonely boy.He loved to read and started to write poetry when he was ten.The American poet Walt Whitman，whose framed picture Neruda later kept on his table became a major influence on his work.

　　However，his father did not like the idea of having a poet for a son and tried to discourage him from writing.To cover up (掩饰) the publication of his first poem，he took the pen name Pablo Neruda.

　　In 1924 Neruda gained fame with his most widely read work “Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair.” Yet his rich experience as a diplomat and exile (流犯) made him go beyond the theme of love.His work also reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America.He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971.

　　Neruda loved the sea which he saw as creative，destructive and forever moving.He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast.“I need the sea because it teaches me，” he wrote.“I move in the university of the waves.” He loved how the sea forever renewed itself，a renewal echoed in his work.

　　【解题导语】　本文属于人物介绍类短文阅读。文章介绍了著名诗人Pablo Neruda的生平。Pablo Neruda本名Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto，从小酷爱写作，立志成为一名诗人。其创作风格深受美国诗人Walt Whitman的影响。他的作品主要以爱情为主题，但同时对政治的抗争也是非常重要的话题。1971年获得诺贝尔文学奖。

　　1．The underlined word “Picasso” can probably be replaced by “

　　A．most important person

　　B．famous person from Picasso

　　C．freedom fighter in Picasso

　　D．poem fans

　　解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“the Picasso of poetry”(诗中的毕加索)可知，毕加索在绘画中占据了非常重要的位置；同时根据下句“he is one of the most widely read and respected poets in history”(他是有史以来读者最多，且最被尊重的诗人之一)可知答案为A。

　　2．Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto took the pen name Pablo Neruda because

　　.

　　A．literary greats usually used the pen name

　　B．his father encouraged him to use the name

　　C．he wanted to prevent his father knowing the publication

　　D．he was greatly influenced by other poets

　　解析：选C。细节辨析题。根据第三段中的“However，his father did not like the idea of having a poet for a son and tried to discourage him from writing.To cover up (掩饰) the publication of his first poem，he took the pen name Pablo Neruda.”(然而，他的父亲并不支持他成为诗人的梦想，甚至尝试着让他放弃写作。所以，为了掩饰他的第一部作品的出版，他使用了笔名Pablo Neruda。)可知答案为C。

　　3．Which of the following is not the theme of his works?

　　A．Love.

　　B．Political struggle.

　　C．Social reform.

　　D．Development of South America.

　　解析：选C。细节辨析题。根据第四段中的“Yet his rich experience as a diplomat and exile (流犯) made him go beyond the theme of love.His work also reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America.”(然而，他作为外交官和流犯的丰富经历使他的作品不仅仅限于爱情内，也反映了政治斗争和南美洲的发展。)可知答案为C。

　　4．The last paragraph mainly tells us

　　A．the sea gave Neruda vast writing inspiration

　　B．the beautiful scenery along the Chile coast

　　C．Neruda’s poems were widely read overseas

　　D．Neruda loved to write his poems near the sea

　　解析：选A。概括大意题。根据最后一段内容尤其是中心句“He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast.”(他在海的力量，海浪的自由和海滩上的海鸟中找到了灵感。)可知答案为A。

　　B

　　Nicholas Grace is no stranger to giving to strangers.He spent most of his career directing charities that helped the mentally ill，elderly and others in need.He also gave great courage to Brigid，his wife，of nearly 60 years.After she had a stroke in 2008，he cared for her for six years until she died in the summer of 2024.And then he was astonished to have time on his hands.

　　Grace，who lives in the village of Overton in Hampshire，England，became a volunteer driver for a local hospice(收容所)，but that didn’t keep him busy enough.The lifelong blood donor wanted to continue donating blood，but he was told the cut-off(截止)age for donation was 70.

　　What Grace did instead set records in the United Kingdom and captured the attention of doctors on this side of the Atlantic.At age 83，he became Britain’s oldest living kidney donor.He chose to give a kidney to a complete stranger.

　　Grace shared a detailed and thoughtful diary of his journey toward kidney donation with TODAY.com.In it，he reflected on the practical and emotional motives that prompted him.“The practical motives are the facts that I am fit，having no dependents or responsibilities，and I am retired and have plenty of time，”Grace wrote.“The emotional motives are that I have led an easy，comfortable and selfish life，enjoyed excellent health and wanted to repay some of my good fortune.”

　　Grace said he realized thousands of people are waiting for a suitable kidney，and many die while waiting.“I couldn’t have lived with myself with the knowledge that I had had the chance of changing someone’s life and turned it down，”he said.

　　The National Kidney Foundation noted that transplants performed from living donors have advantages over transplants from dead donors：A kidney from a living donor usually functions immediately，and survival rates of living donor kidneys are higher.

　　【解题导语】　尼古拉斯·克雷斯热爱慈善，一直以来都慷慨捐献。他一生中献血无数，直到受年龄限制不能再捐献。那么现在83岁高龄的克雷斯还能捐献什么呢？

　　5．We can inter from Para.1 that Nicholas Grace

　　A．had a large amount of money

　　B．offered deep love to his wife

　　C．enjoyed doing nothing at home

　　D．spent much money to save his wife

　　解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句中的“...he cared for her for six years until she died in the summer of 2024.”可知，克雷斯对妻子很好，他深爱他的妻子，故选B项。

　　6．Nicholas Grace couldn’t donate blood any longer probably because

　　A．his blood has become bad

　　B．he kept very busy every day

　　C．he had donated too much blood

　　D．he was refused to donate because of age

　　解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The lifelong blood donor wanted to continue donating blood，but he was told the cut-off age for donation was 70.”可知，他不能再献血是因为已经超龄，故D项正确。

　　7．When Grace expected to donate his kidney，people might think he was

　　A．respectableB．strong

　　C．stubborn D．wealthy

　　解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“At age 83，he became Britain’s oldest living kidney donor.He chose to give a kidney to a complete stranger.”可知，克雷斯在83高龄还想捐器官给别人，由此推断人们认为他是可敬的，故选A项。

　　8．What may be one of the reasons that Grace will donate his kidney?

　　A．He has suffered a bad disease.

　　B．He should be responsible for others.

　　C．He can live until his kidney is in need.

　　D．He has to depend on other people.

　　解析：选C。细节理解题。通读全文可知，克雷斯身体健康，再根据第四段中的“have plenty of time”可知，他感觉自己有足够的时间去等能用他的肾的人出现，因此他想捐出自己的肾，故选C项。

　　Ⅱ.语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　How Learning Habits Influence Learning Results

　　It’s useful and necessary to discuss learning habits.There is a famous saying “Good habits lead to good endings”，1.

　　shows the importance of habits.

　　“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also shows how a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body.2.

　　，good learning habits can help us gain great learning results 3.

　　(include) high scores and abundant knowledge.At first，learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes 4.

　　the content of our learning.Obviously，a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.5.

　　we can see，cultivating a good habit is so important 6.

　　I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habit—keeping a learning diary every day.We can start the learning by 7.

　　(write) summaries and remember to record something impressive and 8.

　　(meaning)．Keep it in mind，and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.

　　What’s more，I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well.I can 9.

　　concentrate on reading for a short time and I 10.

　　(conquer) this problem by spending more efforts on concentration practice.

　　I believe that through my efforts，I can gain good learning results by having good habits.

　　1．which。此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句。

　　2．Thus/Therefore。根据上下句可知，此处表示因果关系，故用Thus/Therefore表示“因此，所以”之意。

　　3．including。句意：因此，良好的学习习惯能够帮助我们获得好的学习效果，包括高分数和丰富的知识。

　　4．to/towards。one’s attitude to/towards sth.“对……的态度”。

　　5．As。句意：正如我们所明白的那样，培养良好的习惯是重要的。

　　6．that。so...that“如此……以至于”。

　　7．writing。句中by为介词，其后需要跟动名词形式作宾语。

　　8．meaningful。and前面impressive为形容词，其后同样需要形容词才可以。meaningful“有意义的；有价值的”。

　　9．just/only。句意：我仅仅能够集中注意力读书很短的时间。

　　10．will conquer。句意：通过注意力的练习，我将会克服这个问题。

　　Ⅲ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　Zhang Xiaowen，who is sixteen，a middle school student in Northern China.She is one of the best student in her class and she was won an award for young scientists last year.When seating in the classroom she looks just like all her classmates.And after class her life is obvious different.She was born without the ability to use her legs and she has no feeling below the waist.She had to use a wheelchair to get around.And it often takes her a little long to do everyday things，such as getting out of bed，getting dressed and going to the school.So far she has created many programmes and one of which received an award at her province’s science fair.

　　答案：

　　Zhang Xiaowen，who is sixteen， a middle school student in Northern China.She is one of the best

　　in her class and she was'won an award for young scientists last year.When

　　in the classroom she looks just like all her classmates. after class her life is

　　different.She was born without the ability to use her legs and she has no feeling below the waist.She

　　to use a wheelchair to get around.And it often takes her a little

　　to do everyday things，such as getting out of bed，getting dressed and going to the'school.So far she has created many programmes and one of

　　received an award at her province’s science fair.

　　Ⅳ.小写作

　　【写作素材】

　　1．大家普遍认为几乎所有的中国人都赞成学习唐诗。(acknowledge; approve of)

　　2．唐诗不仅很美，而且还反映历史，对我们有深刻的影响。(reflect; impact)

　　3．我们读唐诗时，要耐心地欣赏。(with patience)

　　4．当遇到不能理解的句子时，我们应该咨询老师。(consult)

　　5．通过和他人分享诗歌，我们可以结交一些朋友。(share; acquaintance)

　　One possible version：

　　It’s widely acknowledged that almost all the Chinese approve of learning the Tang Poems，because they are not only beautiful but also reflect history，which have a great impact on us.When we read them，we must appreciate them with patience.When meeting with difficult sentences，we should consult our teachers.Besides，we can make the acquaintance of others by sharing poems.

　　课时规范训练(单独成册)

　　训练(四十八)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　A

　　He was once referred to as the Picasso of poetry.Beloved by Chileans of all classes，he is one of the most widely read and respected poets in history.And this year is the 100th birthday of Pablo Neruda (1904—1973)．

　　Born with the name Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto，he was a tall，shy and lonely boy.He loved to read and started to write poetry when he was ten.The American poet Walt Whitman，whose framed picture Neruda later kept on his table became a major influence on his work.

　　However，his father did not like the idea of having a poet for a son and tried to discourage him from writing.To cover up (掩饰) the publication of his first poem，he took the pen name Pablo Neruda.

　　In 1924 Neruda gained fame with his most widely read work “Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair.” Yet his rich experience as a diplomat and exile (流犯) made him go beyond the theme of love.His work also reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America.He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971.

　　Neruda loved the sea which he saw as creative，destructive and forever moving.He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast.“I need the sea because it teaches me，” he wrote.“I move in the university of the waves.” He loved how the sea forever renewed itself，a renewal echoed in his work.

　　【解题导语】　本文属于人物介绍类短文阅读。文章介绍了著名诗人Pablo Neruda的生平。Pablo Neruda本名Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto，从小酷爱写作，立志成为一名诗人。其创作风格深受美国诗人Walt Whitman的影响。他的作品主要以爱情为主题，但同时对政治的抗争也是非常重要的话题。1971年获得诺贝尔文学奖。

　　1．The underlined word “Picasso” can probably be replaced by “

　　A．most important person

　　B．famous person from Picasso

　　C．freedom fighter in Picasso

　　D．poem fans

　　解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“the Picasso of poetry”(诗中的毕加索)可知，毕加索在绘画中占据了非常重要的位置；同时根据下句“he is one of the most widely read and respected poets in history”(他是有史以来读者最多，且最被尊重的诗人之一)可知答案为A。

　　2．Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basolto took the pen name Pablo Neruda because

　　.

　　A．literary greats usually used the pen name

　　B．his father encouraged him to use the name

　　C．he wanted to prevent his father knowing the publication

　　D．he was greatly influenced by other poets

　　解析：选C。细节辨析题。根据第三段中的“However，his father did not like the idea of having a poet for a son and tried to discourage him from writing.To cover up (掩饰) the publication of his first poem，he took the pen name Pablo Neruda.”(然而，他的父亲并不支持他成为诗人的梦想，甚至尝试着让他放弃写作。所以，为了掩饰他的第一部作品的出版，他使用了笔名Pablo Neruda。)可知答案为C。

　　3．Which of the following is not the theme of his works?

　　A．Love.

　　B．Political struggle.

　　C．Social reform.

　　D．Development of South America.

　　解析：选C。细节辨析题。根据第四段中的“Yet his rich experience as a diplomat and exile (流犯) made him go beyond the theme of love.His work also reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America.”(然而，他作为外交官和流犯的丰富经历使他的作品不仅仅限于爱情内，也反映了政治斗争和南美洲的发展。)可知答案为C。

　　4．The last paragraph mainly tells us

　　A．the sea gave Neruda vast writing inspiration

　　B．the beautiful scenery along the Chile coast

　　C．Neruda’s poems were widely read overseas

　　D．Neruda loved to write his poems near the sea

　　解析：选A。概括大意题。根据最后一段内容尤其是中心句“He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast.”(他在海的力量，海浪的自由和海滩上的海鸟中找到了灵感。)可知答案为A。

　　B

　　Nicholas Grace is no stranger to giving to strangers.He spent most of his career directing charities that helped the mentally ill，elderly and others in need.He also gave great courage to Brigid，his wife，of nearly 60 years.After she had a stroke in 2008，he cared for her for six years until she died in the summer of 2024.And then he was astonished to have time on his hands.

　　Grace，who lives in the village of Overton in Hampshire，England，became a volunteer driver for a local hospice(收容所)，but that didn’t keep him busy enough.The lifelong blood donor wanted to continue donating blood，but he was told the cut-off(截止)age for donation was 70.

　　What Grace did instead set records in the United Kingdom and captured the attention of doctors on this side of the Atlantic.At age 83，he became Britain’s oldest living kidney donor.He chose to give a kidney to a complete stranger.

　　Grace shared a detailed and thoughtful diary of his journey toward kidney donation with TODAY.com.In it，he reflected on the practical and emotional motives that prompted him.“The practical motives are the facts that I am fit，having no dependents or responsibilities，and I am retired and have plenty of time，”Grace wrote.“The emotional motives are that I have led an easy，comfortable and selfish life，enjoyed excellent health and wanted to repay some of my good fortune.”

　　Grace said he realized thousands of people are waiting for a suitable kidney，and many die while waiting.“I couldn’t have lived with myself with the knowledge that I had had the chance of changing someone’s life and turned it down，”he said.

　　The National Kidney Foundation noted that transplants performed from living donors have advantages over transplants from dead donors：A kidney from a living donor usually functions immediately，and survival rates of living donor kidneys are higher.

　　【解题导语】　尼古拉斯·克雷斯热爱慈善，一直以来都慷慨捐献。他一生中献血无数，直到受年龄限制不能再捐献。那么现在83岁高龄的克雷斯还能捐献什么呢？

　　5．We can inter from Para.1 that Nicholas Grace

　　A．had a large amount of money

　　B．offered deep love to his wife

　　C．enjoyed doing nothing at home

　　D．spent much money to save his wife

　　解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句中的“...he cared for her for six years until she died in the summer of 2024.”可知，克雷斯对妻子很好，他深爱他的妻子，故选B项。

　　6．Nicholas Grace couldn’t donate blood any longer probably because

　　A．his blood has become bad

　　B．he kept very busy every day

　　C．he had donated too much blood

　　D．he was refused to donate because of age

　　解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The lifelong blood donor wanted to continue donating blood，but he was told the cut-off age for donation was 70.”可知，他不能再献血是因为已经超龄，故D项正确。

　　7．When Grace expected to donate his kidney，people might think he was

　　A．respectableB．strong

　　C．stubborn D．wealthy

　　解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“At age 83，he became Britain’s oldest living kidney donor.He chose to give a kidney to a complete stranger.”可知，克雷斯在83高龄还想捐器官给别人，由此推断人们认为他是可敬的，故选A项。

　　8．What may be one of the reasons that Grace will donate his kidney?

　　A．He has suffered a bad disease.

　　B．He should be responsible for others.

　　C．He can live until his kidney is in need.

　　D．He has to depend on other people.

　　解析：选C。细节理解题。通读全文可知，克雷斯身体健康，再根据第四段中的“have plenty of time”可知，他感觉自己有足够的时间去等能用他的肾的人出现，因此他想捐出自己的肾，故选C项。

　　Ⅱ.语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　How Learning Habits Influence Learning Results

　　It’s useful and necessary to discuss learning habits.There is a famous saying “Good habits lead to good endings”，1.

　　shows the importance of habits.

　　“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also shows how a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body.2.

　　，good learning habits can help us gain great learning results 3.

　　(include) high scores and abundant knowledge.At first，learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes 4.

　　the content of our learning.Obviously，a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.5.

　　we can see，cultivating a good habit is so important 6.

　　I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habit—keeping a learning diary every day.We can start the learning by 7.

　　(write) summaries and remember to record something impressive and 8.

　　(meaning)．Keep it in mind，and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.

　　What’s more，I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well.I can 9.

　　concentrate on reading for a short time and I 10.

　　(conquer) this problem by spending more efforts on concentration practice.

　　I believe that through my efforts，I can gain good learning results by having good habits.

　　1．which。此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句。

　　2．Thus/Therefore。根据上下句可知，此处表示因果关系，故用Thus/Therefore表示“因此，所以”之意。

　　3．including。句意：因此，良好的学习习惯能够帮助我们获得好的学习效果，包括高分数和丰富的知识。

　　4．to/towards。one’s attitude to/towards sth.“对……的态度”。

　　5．As。句意：正如我们所明白的那样，培养良好的习惯是重要的。

　　6．that。so...that“如此……以至于”。

　　7．writing。句中by为介词，其后需要跟动名词形式作宾语。

　　8．meaningful。and前面impressive为形容词，其后同样需要形容词才可以。meaningful“有意义的；有价值的”。

　　9．just/only。句意：我仅仅能够集中注意力读书很短的时间。

　　10．will conquer。句意：通过注意力的练习，我将会克服这个问题。

　　Ⅲ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　Zhang Xiaowen，who is sixteen，a middle school student in Northern China.She is one of the best student in her class and she was won an award for young scientists last year.When seating in the classroom she looks just like all her classmates.And after class her life is obvious different.She was born without the ability to use her legs and she has no feeling below the waist.She had to use a wheelchair to get around.And it often takes her a little long to do everyday things，such as getting out of bed，getting dressed and going to the school.So far she has created many programmes and one of which received an award at her province’s science fair.

　　答案：

　　Zhang Xiaowen，who is sixteen， a middle school student in Northern China.She is one of the best

　　in her class and she was'won an award for young scientists last year.When

　　in the classroom she looks just like all her classmates. after class her life is

　　different.She was born without the ability to use her legs and she has no feeling below the waist.She

　　to use a wheelchair to get around.And it often takes her a little

　　to do everyday things，such as getting out of bed，getting dressed and going to the'school.So far she has created many programmes and one of

　　received an award at her province’s science fair.

　　Ⅳ.小写作

　　【写作素材】

　　1．大家普遍认为几乎所有的中国人都赞成学习唐诗。(acknowledge; approve of)

　　2．唐诗不仅很美，而且还反映历史，对我们有深刻的影响。(reflect; impact)

　　3．我们读唐诗时，要耐心地欣赏。(with patience)

　　4．当遇到不能理解的句子时，我们应该咨询老师。(consult)

　　5．通过和他人分享诗歌，我们可以结交一些朋友。(share; acquaintance)

　　One possible version：

　　It’s widely acknowledged that almost all the Chinese approve of learning the Tang Poems，because they are not only beautiful but also reflect history，which have a great impact on us.When we read them，we must appreciate them with patience.When meeting with difficult sentences，we should consult our teachers.Besides，we can make the acquaintance of others by sharing poems.