课时规范训练(单独成册)

　　训练(十四)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　A

　　Kenya ranks (排名) top in human development in east Africa.However，Uganda ranks higher when poverty levels are considered，according to the United Nations’ 2011 Human Development Report.

　　The report，Overcoming barriers：Human Mobility and Development，gave Kenya a Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.514，which gives the country a ranking of 147 out of 182 countries.Uganda got an HDI of 0.541 and a ranking of 157.When poverty is considered，the report ranks Uganda 91st among 135 countries，ahead of Kenya，which is ranked 92nd.

　　Between the year 2003 and the year 2010，Kenya’s HDI rose by 0.51 percent annually from 0.522 to 0.541 today.In the same period，Uganda’s HDI rose by 1.59 percent annually from 0.392 to 0.514 today.

　　The Human Development Index is used to measure the average development progress of a country and determines the ranking of the country as underdeveloped，developing or developed.This year’s HDI，from data collected in 2010，focuses on (聚焦于) the very large gaps in well-being and life chances that continue to divide our world.

　　By looking at some of the most basic aspects of people’s lives and opportunities，the HDI provides a much more complete picture of a country’s development than other data，such as GDP.

　　Each year since 1990，the Human Development Report has published the HDI which looks beyond the GDP to a broader explanation of well-being.This year’s Human Development Report focuses on migration (移居)．Kenya has a migration rate of 1.4 percent，Uganda 0.7 percent.

　　1．According to the report，when poverty is considered

　　.

　　A．Kenya is ranked 147th among 182 countries

　　B．Uganda is ranked 91st among 135 countries

　　C．Uganda is ranked 157th among 182 countries

　　D．Kenya is ranked 92nd among 182 countries

　　解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，如果考虑到贫困的话，乌干达在135个国家中排在第91位。

　　2．It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that

　　.

　　A．the HDI doesn’t give a true picture of a country

　　B．there are no people living in poverty in Uganda

　　C．both Uganda and Kenya have developed from 2003 to 2010

　　D．more people in Uganda move to other countries than in Kenya

　　解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段的数据可知，乌干达和肯尼亚这两个国家从2003年到2010年都有一定程度的发展。

　　3．Which of the following about the Human Development Index is NOT true?

　　A．It focuses on the economy of a country every year.

　　B．It measures the average development progress of a country.

　　C．It looks at the most basic aspects of people’s lives.

　　D．It helps people know better about a country’s development.

　　解析：选A。正误判断题。根据第四段最后一句及第五段内容可知，人类发展指数并不是每年都聚焦于经济问题。

　　4．We would most probably hear this passage on a radio programme called

　　.

　　A．Health Report B．Economics Report

　　C．Agriculture Report D．Development Report

　　解析：选D。推理判断题。本文主要涉及乌干达和肯尼亚这两个国家在人类发展指数上的提高，故可推断出，在《发展报告》的节目里最有可能听到这篇文章。

　　B

　　(2024·甘肃高三第二次诊断)Considering Australia’s size and the fact that early settlements were far apart，Australian society is remarkably homogeneous (同种的)．Its citizens are fundamentally prosperous and the way of life in the major cities and towns is much the same however many miles divide them.It takes a sharp ear to identify regional accents.

　　However，there is some difference in lifestyle between city settlers and the country people.Almost 90 percent of the population lives in the fast-paced cities along the coast and has little more than a passing familiarity with the desert.The major cities preserve images of colonial heritage，but the overall impression is modern，with new buildings reflecting the country’ s youth.In contrast，the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative.For many years，Australia was said to have “ridden on the sheep’ s back”，a reference to wool being the country’ s main money earner.However，it is no longer dominant (主宰的)．Much of Australia’s relatively sound economy is now achieved from natural coal and wheat，and by being the largest diamond producer in the world.Newer industries such as tourism and wine making are also increasingly important.Australians are generally friendly and relaxed，with a modest sense of humor.

　　Yet，contrary to widespread belief，very few Australians have true prisoner origins.Within only one generation of the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788，Australia had become a nation of immigrants.Originally coming almost entirely from the British Isles，today one in three Australians comes from elsewhere.Australia’ s liberal postwar immigration policies led to a flowing of survivors from war-torn Europe，most notably Greeks，Italians，Poles and Germans.

　　The emphasis has shifted in recent years and today the majority of new immigrants are from Southeast Asia.Today Australia is a “mixture of nations” and although some racism exists，it has generally been a successful experiment and the country is reasonably proud to have one of the most harmonious multicultural communities in the world.

　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚的历史、人口及经济结构的发展。现在的澳大利亚已经成为了多民族的混合体，其独特的发展历史使其成为了世界上最和谐的多文化国家。

　　5．What does the writer mean by saying “has little more than a passing familiarity with the desert” in the second paragraph?

　　A．The major population has a close relationship with the desert.

　　B．The fast-paced cities are just located by the desert.

　　C．The major population knows little about the desert.

　　D．The major population is familiar with the people living in the desert.

　　解析：选C。句意理解题。根据划线部分所在句子“Almost 90 percent of the population lives in the fast-paced cities along the coast and has little more than a passing familiarity with the desert.”可知，几乎百分之九十的人口住在沿海发达城市，对沙漠的了解越来越少。故选C。

　　6．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．The pace of life in the city is different from that in the country.

　　B．One third of people living in Australia come from Europe.

　　C．The Australian economy is dependent on sheep exports.

　　D．Most Australians have ancestors who were prisoners.

　　解析：选A。细节辨析题。根据第二段中的“In contrast，the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative.”可知，与之不同的是，农村地区节奏更慢、更保守。故选A。

　　7．What used to be Australia’ s main money earner?

　　A．Wheat. B．Wool.

　　C．Tourism. D．Diamond.

　　解析：选B。细节辨析题。根据第二段中的“For many years，Australia was said to have ‘ridden on the sheep’ s back’，a reference to wool being the country’ s main money earner.”可知，多年来，澳大利亚被称作‘骑在羊背上的国家’，说明了羊毛一直是这个国家主要的经济来源。故选B。

　　8．We can infer from the passage that

　　.

　　A．nothing about Australia’ s colonial part in modern cities can be seen by visitors

　　B．tourism and wine making resulted in fast development in rural communities only

　　C．immigrants from Europe have brought racial problems

　　D．Australia’s recent immigration policy encourages immigrants from Southeast Asia

　　解析：选D。细节辨析题。根据第三段中的“Australia’ s liberal postwar immigration policies led to a flowing of survivors from war-torn Europe，most notably Greeks，Italians，Poles and Germans.”可知，澳大利亚的民主战后移民政策吸引了来自战后欧洲的幸存者，主要是希腊人、意大利人、波兰人和德国人；由第四段中的“The emphasis has shifted in recent years and today the majority of new immigrants are from Southeast Asia.”可知，近些年来，政策的重点转移后，今天的移民主要来自亚洲东南部。故选D。

　　Ⅱ.语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　高中学习网 www.gkxx.comInterviewer：I saw you on the 7 o'clock news last night.

　　Alfred：Oh，yeah.

　　Interviewer: So tell us what 1.

　　(happen)．

　　Alfred：Walking alone on the beach，I heard someone 2.

　　(call) out for help.I looked up，and there on the headland was a little kid.He'd climbed up the cliff and was 3.

　　(stick)．

　　Interviewer：What did you do?

　　Alfred：My first thought was to help him，but he was crying，and it looked as 4.

　　he would fall at any moment.So I climbed up to get him down.It rained in the morning so the rocks were a little 5.

　　(loose)，and I almost slipped several times.I was beginning to think 6.

　　wasn't such a good idea to climb up there without getting help.I reached the boy，but I couldn't get him down.7.

　　，we were both stuck.

　　Interviewer：So what did you do?

　　Alfred：I yelled for 8.

　　.Pretty soon a small crowd gathered on the beach.One of them called the Coast Rescue Service.After about five minutes 9.

　　helicopter appeared overhead，and we were rescued.But for the help of others，we 10.

　　have been in serious difficulty.

　　答案：

　　1．happened。考查时态。句意：告诉我们发生什么事了。说明事情是在过去发生的，故用一般过去时。

　　$来&源：gkxx.com2．calling。考查非谓语动词。句意：我听到有人在大声呼救。someone和call之间是主动关系，故用动词的现在分词形式。

　　3．stuck。考查语态。句意：他被困住了。be stuck“被困住”。

　　4．if/though。考查从句连词。句意：……并且那时他看起来好像随时都会掉下去。

　　5．looser。考查形容词的比较级。句意：早上下了雨，岩石有点松动了。相比没下雨时，岩石变得更松动了，故用形容词比较级形式。

　　6．it。考查代词。it此处作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。

　　gkxx.com7．Therefore/Instead。考查副词。前后部分为因果关系。句意：结果我们俩都被困住了。

　　8．help。考查名词搭配。yell for help“喊救命”。

　　9．a。考查冠词。句意：大约5分钟后，头顶出现了一架直升机。表示数量“一架”用a。

　　10．would。考查情态动词。句意：如果不是他们的帮忙，我们就会处于一个非常困难的境地。表示对过去发生事情的推测，用would have done。

　　Ⅲ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　To be honest，drinking a lot was harmful to health.If you drink a lot for long time，your health might become worse and worse.Which we know，drinking a lot can harm others as well.If you drive after drinking，and are catching by the police，you will be serious punished.So we'd better to give up drinking，for it is a bad habit.As a teenager，I must say no for wine，as well as beer，for I'm easily made to be addicted to it.My focus is studying，but I won't drink even a little.What's more，drunk driving is forbidden in modern times，so all of the citizen should follow the rule.

　　答案：

　　To be honest，drinking a lot

　　harmful to health.If you drink a lot for

　　long time，your health might become worse and worse. we know，drinking a lot can harm others as well.If you drive after drinking，and are

　　by the police，you will be

　　punished.So we'd better to give up drinking，for it is a bad habit.As a teenager，I must say no

　　wine，as well as beer，for I'm easily made to be addicted to .My focus is studying， I won't drink even a little.What's more，drunk driving is forbidden in modern times，so all of the

　　should follow the rule.

　　Ⅳ.小写作

　　【写作素材】

　　1．在这个地区仍有一些家庭收入很低，生活在贫困之中。(income；poverty)

　　2．他们渴望幸福的生活。(be hungry for)

　　3．政府正在采取措施改变他们的生活。(take measures)

　　4．首先，所有的孩子都能受到教育；其次，政府努力促进经济的发展，如发展旅游业。(educate；make efforts；development；tourism)

　　5．我们认为，人们都会达到或接近富裕的生活水平。(figure；be close to)

　　课时规范训练(单独成册)

　　训练(十四)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　A

　　Kenya ranks (排名) top in human development in east Africa.However，Uganda ranks higher when poverty levels are considered，according to the United Nations’ 2011 Human Development Report.

　　The report，Overcoming barriers：Human Mobility and Development，gave Kenya a Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.514，which gives the country a ranking of 147 out of 182 countries.Uganda got an HDI of 0.541 and a ranking of 157.When poverty is considered，the report ranks Uganda 91st among 135 countries，ahead of Kenya，which is ranked 92nd.

　　Between the year 2003 and the year 2010，Kenya’s HDI rose by 0.51 percent annually from 0.522 to 0.541 today.In the same period，Uganda’s HDI rose by 1.59 percent annually from 0.392 to 0.514 today.

　　The Human Development Index is used to measure the average development progress of a country and determines the ranking of the country as underdeveloped，developing or developed.This year’s HDI，from data collected in 2010，focuses on (聚焦于) the very large gaps in well-being and life chances that continue to divide our world.

　　By looking at some of the most basic aspects of people’s lives and opportunities，the HDI provides a much more complete picture of a country’s development than other data，such as GDP.

　　Each year since 1990，the Human Development Report has published the HDI which looks beyond the GDP to a broader explanation of well-being.This year’s Human Development Report focuses on migration (移居)．Kenya has a migration rate of 1.4 percent，Uganda 0.7 percent.

　　1．According to the report，when poverty is considered

　　.

　　A．Kenya is ranked 147th among 182 countries

　　B．Uganda is ranked 91st among 135 countries

　　C．Uganda is ranked 157th among 182 countries

　　D．Kenya is ranked 92nd among 182 countries

　　解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，如果考虑到贫困的话，乌干达在135个国家中排在第91位。

　　2．It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that

　　.

　　A．the HDI doesn’t give a true picture of a country

　　B．there are no people living in poverty in Uganda

　　C．both Uganda and Kenya have developed from 2003 to 2010

　　D．more people in Uganda move to other countries than in Kenya

　　解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段的数据可知，乌干达和肯尼亚这两个国家从2003年到2010年都有一定程度的发展。

　　3．Which of the following about the Human Development Index is NOT true?

　　A．It focuses on the economy of a country every year.

　　B．It measures the average development progress of a country.

　　C．It looks at the most basic aspects of people’s lives.

　　D．It helps people know better about a country’s development.

　　解析：选A。正误判断题。根据第四段最后一句及第五段内容可知，人类发展指数并不是每年都聚焦于经济问题。

　　4．We would most probably hear this passage on a radio programme called

　　.

　　A．Health Report B．Economics Report

　　C．Agriculture Report D．Development Report

　　解析：选D。推理判断题。本文主要涉及乌干达和肯尼亚这两个国家在人类发展指数上的提高，故可推断出，在《发展报告》的节目里最有可能听到这篇文章。

　　B

　　(2024·甘肃高三第二次诊断)Considering Australia’s size and the fact that early settlements were far apart，Australian society is remarkably homogeneous (同种的)．Its citizens are fundamentally prosperous and the way of life in the major cities and towns is much the same however many miles divide them.It takes a sharp ear to identify regional accents.

　　However，there is some difference in lifestyle between city settlers and the country people.Almost 90 percent of the population lives in the fast-paced cities along the coast and has little more than a passing familiarity with the desert.The major cities preserve images of colonial heritage，but the overall impression is modern，with new buildings reflecting the country’ s youth.In contrast，the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative.For many years，Australia was said to have “ridden on the sheep’ s back”，a reference to wool being the country’ s main money earner.However，it is no longer dominant (主宰的)．Much of Australia’s relatively sound economy is now achieved from natural coal and wheat，and by being the largest diamond producer in the world.Newer industries such as tourism and wine making are also increasingly important.Australians are generally friendly and relaxed，with a modest sense of humor.

　　Yet，contrary to widespread belief，very few Australians have true prisoner origins.Within only one generation of the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788，Australia had become a nation of immigrants.Originally coming almost entirely from the British Isles，today one in three Australians comes from elsewhere.Australia’ s liberal postwar immigration policies led to a flowing of survivors from war-torn Europe，most notably Greeks，Italians，Poles and Germans.

　　The emphasis has shifted in recent years and today the majority of new immigrants are from Southeast Asia.Today Australia is a “mixture of nations” and although some racism exists，it has generally been a successful experiment and the country is reasonably proud to have one of the most harmonious multicultural communities in the world.

　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚的历史、人口及经济结构的发展。现在的澳大利亚已经成为了多民族的混合体，其独特的发展历史使其成为了世界上最和谐的多文化国家。

　　5．What does the writer mean by saying “has little more than a passing familiarity with the desert” in the second paragraph?

　　A．The major population has a close relationship with the desert.

　　B．The fast-paced cities are just located by the desert.

　　C．The major population knows little about the desert.

　　D．The major population is familiar with the people living in the desert.

　　解析：选C。句意理解题。根据划线部分所在句子“Almost 90 percent of the population lives in the fast-paced cities along the coast and has little more than a passing familiarity with the desert.”可知，几乎百分之九十的人口住在沿海发达城市，对沙漠的了解越来越少。故选C。

　　6．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．The pace of life in the city is different from that in the country.

　　B．One third of people living in Australia come from Europe.

　　C．The Australian economy is dependent on sheep exports.

　　D．Most Australians have ancestors who were prisoners.

　　解析：选A。细节辨析题。根据第二段中的“In contrast，the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative.”可知，与之不同的是，农村地区节奏更慢、更保守。故选A。

　　7．What used to be Australia’ s main money earner?

　　A．Wheat. B．Wool.

　　C．Tourism. D．Diamond.

　　解析：选B。细节辨析题。根据第二段中的“For many years，Australia was said to have ‘ridden on the sheep’ s back’，a reference to wool being the country’ s main money earner.”可知，多年来，澳大利亚被称作‘骑在羊背上的国家’，说明了羊毛一直是这个国家主要的经济来源。故选B。

　　8．We can infer from the passage that

　　.

　　A．nothing about Australia’ s colonial part in modern cities can be seen by visitors

　　B．tourism and wine making resulted in fast development in rural communities only

　　C．immigrants from Europe have brought racial problems

　　D．Australia’s recent immigration policy encourages immigrants from Southeast Asia

　　解析：选D。细节辨析题。根据第三段中的“Australia’ s liberal postwar immigration policies led to a flowing of survivors from war-torn Europe，most notably Greeks，Italians，Poles and Germans.”可知，澳大利亚的民主战后移民政策吸引了来自战后欧洲的幸存者，主要是希腊人、意大利人、波兰人和德国人；由第四段中的“The emphasis has shifted in recent years and today the majority of new immigrants are from Southeast Asia.”可知，近些年来，政策的重点转移后，今天的移民主要来自亚洲东南部。故选D。

　　Ⅱ.语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　高中学习网 www.gkxx.comInterviewer：I saw you on the 7 o'clock news last night.

　　Alfred：Oh，yeah.

　　Interviewer: So tell us what 1.

　　(happen)．

　　Alfred：Walking alone on the beach，I heard someone 2.

　　(call) out for help.I looked up，and there on the headland was a little kid.He'd climbed up the cliff and was 3.

　　(stick)．

　　Interviewer：What did you do?

　　Alfred：My first thought was to help him，but he was crying，and it looked as 4.

　　he would fall at any moment.So I climbed up to get him down.It rained in the morning so the rocks were a little 5.

　　(loose)，and I almost slipped several times.I was beginning to think 6.

　　wasn't such a good idea to climb up there without getting help.I reached the boy，but I couldn't get him down.7.

　　，we were both stuck.

　　Interviewer：So what did you do?

　　Alfred：I yelled for 8.

　　.Pretty soon a small crowd gathered on the beach.One of them called the Coast Rescue Service.After about five minutes 9.

　　helicopter appeared overhead，and we were rescued.But for the help of others，we 10.

　　have been in serious difficulty.

　　答案：

　　1．happened。考查时态。句意：告诉我们发生什么事了。说明事情是在过去发生的，故用一般过去时。

　　$来&源：gkxx.com2．calling。考查非谓语动词。句意：我听到有人在大声呼救。someone和call之间是主动关系，故用动词的现在分词形式。

　　3．stuck。考查语态。句意：他被困住了。be stuck“被困住”。

　　4．if/though。考查从句连词。句意：……并且那时他看起来好像随时都会掉下去。

　　5．looser。考查形容词的比较级。句意：早上下了雨，岩石有点松动了。相比没下雨时，岩石变得更松动了，故用形容词比较级形式。

　　6．it。考查代词。it此处作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。

　　gkxx.com7．Therefore/Instead。考查副词。前后部分为因果关系。句意：结果我们俩都被困住了。

　　8．help。考查名词搭配。yell for help“喊救命”。

　　9．a。考查冠词。句意：大约5分钟后，头顶出现了一架直升机。表示数量“一架”用a。

　　10．would。考查情态动词。句意：如果不是他们的帮忙，我们就会处于一个非常困难的境地。表示对过去发生事情的推测，用would have done。

　　Ⅲ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　To be honest，drinking a lot was harmful to health.If you drink a lot for long time，your health might become worse and worse.Which we know，drinking a lot can harm others as well.If you drive after drinking，and are catching by the police，you will be serious punished.So we'd better to give up drinking，for it is a bad habit.As a teenager，I must say no for wine，as well as beer，for I'm easily made to be addicted to it.My focus is studying，but I won't drink even a little.What's more，drunk driving is forbidden in modern times，so all of the citizen should follow the rule.

　　答案：

　　To be honest，drinking a lot

　　harmful to health.If you drink a lot for

　　long time，your health might become worse and worse. we know，drinking a lot can harm others as well.If you drive after drinking，and are

　　by the police，you will be

　　punished.So we'd better to give up drinking，for it is a bad habit.As a teenager，I must say no

　　wine，as well as beer，for I'm easily made to be addicted to .My focus is studying， I won't drink even a little.What's more，drunk driving is forbidden in modern times，so all of the

　　should follow the rule.

　　Ⅳ.小写作

　　【写作素材】

　　1．在这个地区仍有一些家庭收入很低，生活在贫困之中。(income；poverty)

　　2．他们渴望幸福的生活。(be hungry for)

　　3．政府正在采取措施改变他们的生活。(take measures)

　　4．首先，所有的孩子都能受到教育；其次，政府努力促进经济的发展，如发展旅游业。(educate；make efforts；development；tourism)

　　5．我们认为，人们都会达到或接近富裕的生活水平。(figure；be close to)