The professor put forward some practical ways to deal with global warming. 这位教授提出了一些实用的应对全球变暖的方法。

　　They put up their tents and settled down for the night. 他们搭好帐篷，准备过夜。 【举一反三】 表示“容忍；忍受”的词语还有：stand, tolerate, bear等。 【即时巩固】 用适当的介词或副词填空 ②One moment please; I'm just trying to put you ______. ③We are trying to put ______ some money every month for our vacation. ④He decided that he would drive back to town instead of putting ________ for the night at the hotel. 【答案】①with　②through　③aside　④up 4．quantities of 大量的 【考点激活】 ①With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth __________(wash) away each year. 随着更多的森林被毁，每年有大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。 (1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。 “a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 (2)in quantity/ in large quantities 大量的； 很多的 【知识建构】

　　(3)可跟可数名词也可跟不可数名词的词组：a lot of, lots of, plenty of, quantities of, a (large/great) quantity of (4)只能跟可数名词的词组： a (large/good/great) number of, scores of, dozens of (5)只能跟不可数名词的词组： a great/good deal of, a large amount of/large amounts of Like most things, it is cheaper when bought in quantity. 像大多数东西一样中，买的量多时就便宜一些。

　　Police found a small quantity of drugs on the premises. 警方在经营场所发现了少量的毒品。 【易错点津】 (1)注意quantity的拼写，常与quality混淆。quality意思是“质”，而quantity一般指“量”。 (2) A (large) quantity of/quantities of＋名词(可数/不可数)；A large amount of/amounts of＋不可数名词 这两个短语修饰名词充当主语时，由quantity/amount的单复数决定谓语的单复数。 【即时巩固】 语法填空 ②As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert ___________ (cover) the land. ③Judging from the number of the cars, a large number of people _________ (arrive) so far. 【答案】①are being washed　②has covered　③have arrived 1．Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. 这个(升温)过程的一些副产品就被称为“温室”气体， 其中最重要的是二氧化碳。 句型提炼： one of＋which/whom引导的定语从句 句中the most important one of＋which意为“其中最重要的”，为定语从句，修饰先行词gases。常考的类似结构有：one/all/every/ each/part…of which(whom)引导的定语从句，表示“他(它)们中的一个/所有/每/部分……”， 介词of后面只能用which/whom引导定语从句，指代前面出现的事物或人。 【句型剖析】

　　Gift givers can choose from a wide variety of useful but inexpensive things—many of which are “green”—and then choose a meaningful charity from a list. 提供礼物的人可以从各种有用但不贵的东西中选择，很多都是“绿色”的，然后再从列表上选择一个慈善组织。(2024课标Ⅱ) 【易错点津】 要特别注意该类定语从句与并列句的区别： By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of them are still my best friends today.

　　＝By the end of the year, I had several new friends, two of whom are still my best friends today. 到去年底，我已经有了几个新朋友，其中有两个到现在都还是我最好的朋友。(2024山东) 【即时巩固】 语法填空 ①Effective measures must be taken to deal with global warming, one of __________ is to recycle used things. ②I have three good friends, all of __________have emigrated to U．S.A. ③I bought 10 books the other day and two of ________ are concerned with environmental protection. 【答案】①which　②whom　③them

　　2．Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和温室气体的量，气候也会持续变暖几十年甚至几个世纪。 句型提炼： even if/ though＋让步状语从句，意为“即使，尽管”。 句中even if引导让步状语从句，意为“即使，尽管”，与even though同义。 常考的引导让步状语从句的连词还有： (1)though/although/while，它们引导的让步状语从句都不能和but连用，但可以与nevertheless与yet连用。 (2)whatever/whenever/however…(＝no matter what/when/how)意为 “无论……”等。 (3)as引导让步状语从句时，需要使用倒装结构。 【句型剖析】

　　Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother, or fish leaping out of the water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway. 即使我们只是从车窗外看着小猪跟在母猪的后面或者是看鱼跃出水面，也比在高速行驶要好。(2024天津) Tired as we were, we continued to help them clear the rubbish. 尽管我们很累了，还是继续帮助他们清理垃圾。 While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available. 尽管我愿意帮忙，但是没有多少时间。 【即时巩固】 语法填空 ①Happy ____________we are, there is something missing. ②__________you say, I won't believe you. ③I will take up the challenge, ________ tough the problem is.

　　④You should allow your children to express their own opinions，__________ they are different from yours. 【答案】①as　②Whatever　③however　④even if

　　3．It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it. 只要你用电气设备，让它开着是可以的。 句型提炼： so/as long as＋条件状语从句， 表示“只要”。 句中的as long as引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，可以用on condition that替换。 常用的引导条件状语从句的连词还有： (1)if, even if/though, unless； (2)provided/providing (that), suppose/ supposing等。 【句型剖析】

　　As long as biomass is produced continuously—with only as much grown as is used—the “battery” lasts forever. 只要生物量可以持续性地产生——只要消耗掉的量和产生的量持平——这种“电池”就能持续到永远。 Unless I'm mistaken, she welcomed us on behalf of their class yesterday. 除非是我记错了，昨天她代表她的班级欢迎了我们。 I shall go provided/providing/supposing/ suppose that it doesn't rain. 假如不下雨我就去。 【举一反三】 as long as还可以表示原级比较，意为“和……一样长”。类似的结构主要有： 短语 原意 引申义 as well as

　　与……一样好 也；和 as good as

　　与……一样好 几乎 as far as

　　远及到…… 就……而言；至于 【即时巩固】 用as…as结构的短语填空 ①______________ I am concerned, I am opposed to the proposal. ②A distant relative is not________________ a near neighbour. ③In this job you need brains _____________ efforts.

　　④You will never cease(停止) to learn ____________ you live. 【答案】①As far as　②as good as　③as well as　④as long as I would oppose changing the law. 我将反对改变这个法规。 She remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad. 她仍然强烈反对移居国外的想法。 【举一反三】 (1)表示反对的短语有：disagree with; object to; be against (2) 表示赞成的短语有：agree with; be in favour of; be for 【即时巩固】 语法填空 ②I have been consistently opposed to __________ (feed) a baby regularly. ③Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the __________ (oppose)． 【答案】①opposed　②feeding　③opposite

　　2．range n．种类；范围；幅度；界限 v．(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列 【考点激活】 ①In colonies(群体)________ in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear division of labor.(2024安徽) (1)range from…to…　在……范围内变动；包括由……到……之间的各类事物 range between…and…　在……和……范围内变动 【知识建构】

　　(2)a wide range of 　一系列…… in/within range　在射程以内；在范围内 beyond/out of range　在射程外；在范围外 beyond/out of one's range　某人能力达不到的 Classical music ranges from jazz to pieces for large orchestras. 古典音乐涵盖爵士乐到大乐团作品。(2024安徽) Collecting stamps with themes is especially popular among teenagers because there is a wide range of choices for them. 按主题收集邮票在青少年中特别受欢迎，因为他们有很大的选择余地。 【即时巩固】 用range的短语完成句子 ②这种房子的价格从10万美元到20万美元不等，超出了他的购买能力。 The price of this kind of

　　houses___________ 100,000 dollars ____________ 200,000 dollars, which is ________________. 语法填空 ③They have recorded all lost objects ____________ (range) from potatoes to golf gloves.(2024广东) 【答案】①ranging ②ranges from; to; beyond his range ③ranging 3．average adj.平均的；普通的 n．平均数；平均 v．平均为；计算出……的平均数；使……平均分配 【考点激活】 ①In 1900，the __________American life span(寿命)was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!

　　1900年，美国人的平均寿命是47岁，而今天已经达到了75岁。(2024广东) (1)on average　平均地；通常 above/below average　高于/低于平均数/水平 an average of…　……的平均数 up to average　达到平均数 (2)average sth. out　算出……的平均数 【知识建构】

　　Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older.Men lose an average of 3-4cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. 很多男女(并非所有人)的身高的确会随着年龄变老而变短。男性平均会降低3-4cm, 而女性会降低5cm或更多。(2024浙江) My brother is above average in his reading ability. 我弟弟的阅读能力在平均水平以上。 【即时巩固】 完成句子 ②平均每星期你踢足球多少次？

　　How many times do you play football per week ________________？

　　③汤姆的功课在中等以下，吉姆的功课刚好达一般水平。 Tom is__________________ in his lessons and Jim about ________________. 【答案】①average　②on average ③below average；up to average 4．glance vi.看一下；扫视n.一瞥；扫视 【考点激活】 ①Once at the office, you glance ______________ the newspaper with depressing stories or reports of disasters. 一旦来到办公室，你翻阅报纸，里面尽是让人沮丧的故事或充斥着灾难的报道。 (1)glance at　匆匆瞥一下(某物)；浏览 glance through　浏览；匆匆看一遍 glance over　浏览；粗略地阅读 (2)take/give a glance at　匆匆一看……；一瞥…… at first glance　乍一看 at a glance　立刻；看一眼就…… 【知识建构】

　　They fell in love at first glance. 他们一见钟情。 Can we just take a glance at some of your products?

　　我们可以浏览一下你们的产品吗？

　　【词义辨析】 glance 意为“一瞥，匆匆一看”，强调动作的短暂 stare 意为“盯着看”，含有无礼或粗俗的意味

　　glare 意为“怒视”，带有敌对或威胁的态度 【即时巩固】 用glance，stare，glare的适当形式填空 ②The two persons__________ at each other before they started fighting. ③The guests __________ at the big diamond, an invaluable treasure if it was genuine. ④He __________ at the clock and ran out of the house quicky. 【答案】①through　②glared　③stared　④glanced 1．come about 出现；发生 【考点激活】 ①The revolution has come__________， through the application of computer science. 通过电脑科学的应用，变革已经发生了。 (1)How did it come about that…？　某事是怎么发生的？

　　(2)come up　走近；上来；发生；被提及 come up with　想出；提出 come to　来到(某地)；共计；来参加(活动)；谈到 come to know/realize/understand　开始了解到/意识到/明白

　　【知识建构】

　　When it comes to…　当说到……；当谈到…… come out　出来；开花；发芽；出版；发行 come across /upon　(无意中)碰到；找到；想到；越过 come into being　发生；产生；出现；形成

　　come into power　开始执政；当权；当选

　　come into effect/force　开始生效；开始实行

　　come into existence　形成；产生；开始存在

　　come into fashion　开始流行 I'll never understand how it came about that you were an hour late on such a short journey. 我真不明白这么短的路程你怎么会迟到一个小时。

　　【词义辨析】 come about 强调“偶然发生”，一般以一种无法控制的方式发生，也可指差别、争论的产生。 happen 指“偶然发生”，常用于句型“sth.happen (to sb.)”，还有“碰巧”之意。 occur 正式用语，可指“偶然发生”，也指“计划中的发生”；还用于“occur to sb.”，表示“突然想起”。 take place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。 【易错点津】

　　表示“发生”的单词和短语均不能使用被动语态。 【即时巩固】 用上表中单词或短语的适当形式填空 ②Large quantities of people ____________ to be out when the earthquake __________. ③Great changes ________________ in our community over the past ten years.　 ④An idea suddenly ____________ to me when I saw the environmentalist.

　　⑤I'll never understand how it____________ that you got into the bad habit. 【答案】①about　②happened; happened　③have taken place　④occurred　⑤came about 2．result in导致 【考点激活】 ①The production, distribution, and use of products—as well as management of the resulting waste—all result________ greenhouse gas release. 生产、分配和对产品的使用以及对由此而产生的垃圾的处理都会导致温室气体的排放。(2024江苏) (1)result from　由……造成；因……而产生 (2)as a result　结果 as a result of　由于……的结果 without result　没有结果；白费 【知识建构】

　　But designer Mikhail Belvacv doesn't think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. 但是设计者Mikhail Belvacv不认为，出发前忘记看天气预报不会导致你被淋湿。(2024山东) Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness. 久病使她的心脏受到一些损伤。

　　【举一反三】 (1)result in与 cause或lead to同义，其主语是起因； (2)result from与lie in，as a result of和because of同义，其主语是结果，from的宾语是起因。 【即时巩固】 一句多译 由于全球变暖，我们的环境受到了破坏。 ②Our environment is damaged ________ ________ ________________ global warming. ③The damage of our environment ______ ______ global warming. ④Global warming ________ ________ the damage of our environment. 【答案】①in　②as a result of　③results from　④results in

　　3．put up with容忍；忍受 【考点激活】 ①I can put up__________ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean. 我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。 put forward　提出建议；把……向前拨 put aside　节省；储蓄；储存 put away　收起来 put up　建造；张贴；供给……住宿；投宿 put off　延期；推迟 put out　熄灭；扑灭 put through　接通电话 【知识建构】

　　Unit 4　Global warming 话题·环境保护 (2024四川成都外国语学校高三11月月考) 假设你叫王平。为响应国家厉行节约的号召，请你以“厉行节约——为资源、为环保”为题，向某英语报社编辑写信，表达你对厉行节约的看法。该英文信应包括以下内容：

　　1．节约与资源的关系； 2．节约与环保的关系； 3．举例说明中学生该如何厉行节约； 4．倡导社会保持节约的优良传统。 【晨背范文】 Dear editor， I'm Wang Ping.I'm writing to offer your newspaper an article Trying to Save Both for Natural Resources and the Environment. Saving is significant because natural resources in our world may run out one day, so we should save some for our offspring.Meanwhile, saving can help us avoid producing waste,

　　which will definitely contribute a lot to environmental protection.As students, we should make our contributions.For instance, we can recycle our textbooks or use both sides of our exercise books.Moreover, we Chinese have a good tradition of saving and regard wasting as a shame, so we call for everybody's action to save what we can to make our beautiful life last forever. Yours sincerely， Wang Ping ★话题词汇 1．decline　v．减少；下降，衰退 2．threaten　v．威胁 3．consequence　n．结果；后果 4．from bad to worse　每况愈下 5．to make matters worse　更糟糕的是 6．realize the importance of protecting the environment　意识到保护环境的重要性

　　★话题佳句 1．It is well-known that the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe mainly due to global warming. 众所周知，由于全球变暖，全球水资源短缺问题正变得日益严重。 2．It is high time that the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with air pollution. 确实到了城市当局应该采取有力措施解决空气污染的时候了。 3．There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has contributed to the global warming. 毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和，正是人类活动导致了全球变暖。 Ⅰ.单词速忆 1．___________vi.看一下； 扫视 n．一瞥 2．___________vt.拥护； 提倡； 主张 3．___________vt.使恢复； 使振作 4．___________n．种类； 范围 5．___________n．环境； 情况 6．___________adj.平均的 glance advocate refresh range circumstance average 7．________adj. 随便的； 偶然的 8．________adj.胡乱的； 任意的 9．________ adj.分布广的； 普遍的 10．________ vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 →________ adj.反对的；对立的 11．________ vi.趋向； 易于； 照顾 vt.照顾； 护理 →________ n．倾向； 趋势 casual random widespread oppose

　　opposed tend

　　tendency 12．________vt.陈述；说明 →__________ n．说明；说法；表白 13．________vt.消费； 消耗； 耗尽； 吃完 →__________n．顾客；消费者 14．________ n．弄脏；污染 →_________ vt.弄脏；污染 15．________ n．生长；增长 →________vt.& vi.生长；增长 state statement consume

　　consumer pollution pollute growth grow 16．________ n．量；数量 →________ n．质量 17．___________ n．贡献；捐款；投稿 →__________ vt.捐助；投稿vi.投稿；贡献 18．________ n．生存；存在 →________ vi.存在 19．___________ n．现象 →___________ pl.现象 quantity quality contribution contribute　 existence exist phenomenon phenomena

　　20．__________ n．结果；后果；影响 →___________ adj.随后发生的；作为结果的 →_____________adv.因此；所以 21．________ adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的 →__________adv.平稳地；持续地 consequence consequent

　　consequently steady

　　steadily Ⅱ.短语快译

　　1．________________ 忍受；容忍 2．________________ 上升；增长；升起 3．________________ 继续 4．________________ 导致 5．________________ 发生；造成 6．________________ 同意；赞成；订购 7．________________ 反对 put up with go up keep on result in come about subscribe to be opposed to 8．________________ 大量的 9．________________ 即使 10．________________ 大体上；基本上 11．________________ 代表……一方；作为……的代言人 12．________________ 等等 13．________________只要 quantities of even if on the whole on behalf of