四川省蓬溪县2024高考英语阅读理解及书面表达练习（3）

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Book reviews can be a great foot in the door if you’re looking to get your writing published somewhere. Most magazines, whether online or print, will include book reviews about books that tackle the topics the magazine discusses. Also, most editors and staff writers are usually too busy to read books and review them themselves (unless they are specifically assigned to a book review column). Therefore, writing book reviews can be a great way to get started with a writing career.

　　Many people that are reading your review may not know anything about the book you’re reviewing. Instead of making them go find information on their own by searching for the book title, start out with a little description of the book. Make sure you avoid too long of a summary, though, because if too much of your article is a summary of the book, it won’t be interesting. Start with a short paragraph or so that hits all the major points but doesn't give too much away. You don’t want to tell your reader everything about the book, because then they won’t have to read it at all. Just give enough information so your reader is interested in reading the book.

　　Some magazines like to publish book reviews that are completely objective（客观的）. This means that they want a review of the book that doesn't share your opinion and that in which your opinion isn't obvious from reading what you wrote. If you hated a book, it might not be a great book to review. You probably want to review books that you enjoyed. This will give your review a positive spin. Avoid gushing about how much you loved the book, however. You should not include your personal reaction to the book until the very end, where you include a sentence or two about whether or not you would recommend a book and to whom you would recommend it.

　　A great way to get your review noticed is to look at a book through a specific lens. Read the book as a feminist（女权主义者） would, for example, and talk about what a feminist might say to applaud or criticize the book. You can choose any number of lenses, and feminism is just one option. An economic lens, a family lens, the lens of a different nationality, or the lens of a child could all be interesting ways to look at a book. If you look at a book in this way, instead of just reading it and forming your own opinion, it will be much more interesting and marketable. This is especially the case if you look at a lens that relates to the subject of the magazine to which you are submitting. Feminist magazines love book reviews about books read through a feminist lens, for example, because it pertains to their readership.

　　Another great way to write a book review is to talk about the writer’s style. Anyone can pick up a book and read for the plot, but it takes an experienced writer to note interesting things about another writer’s style and write about them intelligently.

　　1. What’s the first paragraph mainly about?

　　A. Standards of good book reviews.

　　B. Benefits of writing book reviews.

　　C. Ways to get your writing published.

　　D. Topics usually discussed in magazines.

　　2. Which of the following is a characteristic of a good book review?

　　A. Including much information on a major point of the book.

　　B. Stating clearly the writer’s opinion of the book.

　　C. Giving a brief summary of the book.

　　D. Avoiding describing the book.

　　3. The fourth paragraph is developed mainly by.

　　A. giving examplesB. telling personal experiences

　　C. making comparisonsD. analyzing causes

　　4. According to the text, only a skilled writer can　.

　　A. look at a book through a specific angle

　　B. give an objective description of a book

　　C. find a book and understand its plot easily

　　D. pay close attention to another writer’s style

　　【参考答案】1—4、BCAD

　　阅读理解。

　　You are busy filling out the application form for a position you really need；let's assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn't it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma (文凭) represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University?

　　More and more people are turning to an utter deception (欺骗)like this to land their first job or to move ahead in their careers. For personnel officers, like most Americans, value degress from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university. Registrars(学籍管理员)at most well-known colleges say that they deal with dishonest claims like these at the rate of about one per week.

　　Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms. It turns out that when an applicant is lying, most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school refers to them as “special cases”. One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says these claims are made by “no such people”．

　　To avoid complete lies，some job seekers claim that they “attended” or “were associated with”a college or university. After careful checking, a personnel officer may discover that “attending” means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that “being associated with” a college means that the job seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century—that's when they began keeping records, anyhow.

　　If you don't want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a fake diploma. One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from “Smoot State University”. The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the “University of Purdue”. As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.

　　因为人事部门的官员们更看重名校学历，因此人们常常为谋求一份好工作和职位而造假。

　　13．The writer mainly wants to tell us that ________.

　　A. college degrees can now be purchased easily

　　B. nowadays it is very hard for people to find jobs

　　C. lying about college degrees is becoming a widespread problem

　　D. employers are no longer interested in applicants' actual performances

　　答案：C。主旨大意题。总览文章可知C项为本文主旨。

　　14．As used in the first line of the second paragraph，the word “utter” means ________.

　　A. thorough

　　B. careful

　　C. imcomplete

　　D. spoken

　　答案：A。词义猜测题。由第二段第一句中的关键词deception(欺骗)及其后的解释“学历造假”，再结合文章主旨可推出A项正确。thorough彻底的。

　　15．Once finding applicants with false diplomas, most colleges would ________.

　　A. keep the records of them B. drive them out of college

　　C. avoid direct conflicts with them D. accuse them of such behaviors

　　答案：C。推理判断题。由第三段中的“...most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly”．和下面给出的例子可推断出C项正确。

　　16．We can learn from the passage that ________.

　　A. US employers value their job applicants with a degree from top universities

　　B. University of Purdue and Purdue University are the same school

　　C. people with fake diplomas can get their first jobs in US easily

　　D. people pay the same price for a fake diploma from different universities

　　答案：A。事实细节题。由第二段第二句“For personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools.”可知A项正确。由尾段可知B、D错误；C项在文中没有信息支持。

　　Early on Saturday morning, one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded hit central Chile. The powerful quake killed more than 800 people, destroyed or badly damaged 1.5 million homes and affected almost 2 million people.

　　The 8.8-magnitude earthquake struck around 3:34 a.m., jolting(震摇) people awake all over the country. The earthquake came from underwater, off the coast of Chile.

　　Fernando Abarzua was in one of the many buildings that collapsed(倒塌) there. “I was on the eighth floor and all of a sudden I was down here,” he said, adding that he was surprised to have escaped with no major injuries.

　　The earthquake triggered(引发) a tsunami that swept across the Pacific Ocean, setting off warnings in 53 countries. In the end, the tsunami's waves caused major damage and several deaths in Chile but nowhere else.

　　Dozens of aftershocks, or smaller earthquakes, rattled(使颤动) the area in the days following Saturday's massive quake.

　　Chile has a history of earthquakes. The largest recorded earthquake in the world—a 9.5-magnitude quake—struck the country in May 1960. Since 1973, there have been 13 quakes there with a magnitude of at least 7.0. As a result, Chile's newer buildings were built to withstand(经受住) the shocks.

　　That is one reason that Chile's quake—though 500 times stronger—has caused much less damage than the earthquake that struck Haiti in January.

　　On Sunday, Bachelet ordered troops in Chile to help hand out food, water and blankets and to clear rubble(瓦砾堆)from the roads. Temporary hospitals were planned for the hardest-hit areas.

　　She later requested help from the international community. On Monday, the United Nations prepared earthquake relief efforts as well as 30 tons of food and other help.

　　Even before Bachelet's request, President Obama announced that the U.S. was prepared to help. “The United States stands ready to assist in the rescue and recovery efforts,” he said.

　　60. The passage mainly tells us

　　.

　　A. how the world helped Chile after its earthquake

　　B. a massive（巨大的） earthquake rocked Chile and the response to it

　　C. hundreds of people died after the Chile’s earthquake

　　D. the poorest country-Chile was destroyed completely

　　61. According to the passage, we know Fernando Abarzua is

　　.

　　A. brave

　　B. devoted

　　C. lucky

　　D. kind

　　62. Which of the following could be the main and direct reason that caused less

　　damage in Chile than that in Haiti?

　　A. Help came in time.

　　B. Chile's people had got the news before the earthquake.

　　C. Chile is richer than Haiti.

　　D. Most of the buildings in Chile can bear the shocks.

　　63. The passage most probably appears

　　.

　　A. in a newspaper

　　B. in a magazine

　　C. in a history book

　　D. in an advertisement

　　【陕西省2024五校联考】书面表达 (满分30分)

　　注意：可适当，以使行文连贯。书面表达 (满分30分)

　　solved, some people suggest that PE be included as a subject in the College Entrance Examination.

　　I’m against the idea because it is by no means practical. Setting up standards for the exam alone may well be a hard task. It is far beyond our ability to manage such a nationwide exam in the sports field.

　　However, good health is an essential foundation of learning. Only when one is in good health can he guarantee efficient learning.

　　Therefore, it is school’s responsibility to help develop their students’ awareness of the importance of keeping fit. Moreover, schools should provide sufficient sports facilities for their students to have regular exercise.

　　【山东省2024高考仿真冲刺卷（）假如你叫李军，是一位成绩优秀的学生，你班班主任在安排座位时，让成绩好的学生和成绩差的学生做同桌，这在你们班成绩优秀的学生中引起了反响，班会课上大家就此进行了讨论。现在请你根据下表把讨论结果向班主任写一封信反映一下，并说出自己的观点。

　　注意：1．词数：120左右，短文的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

　　2．短文需包括表中所有要点，内容可适当发挥，使行文连贯。

　　3．参考词汇：成绩差的学生：a slower student长处：strength 缺点：weakness

　　Dear Mr．Zhang,

　　We have held a discussion about whether it is good or not for a top student to share a desk with a slower studen

　　【参考范文】写作Dear Mr．Zhang,

　　We have held a discussion about whether it is good or not for a top student to share a desk with a slower student.

　　Some are for the idea．In their opinion, everyone has strengths as well as weaknesses．Although they are not good at lessons, they might do well in other fields like sports or arts．Therefore, they can learn from each other, and they may develop friendship．In addition, top students can help slower ones gain self-confidence by helping them with their lessons, which benefits them all.

　　However, others don’t hold the same view．They think some slower students are always making trouble, such as keeping talking in class and breaking school rules, which may lead to their forming bad habits．Besides, slower students often ask top students questions, which has a bad effect on their studies.

　　In my opinion, I’d like to choose to share a desk with a slower student so that we can learn from each other and make progress together．

　　Yours,

　　Li Jun

　　四川省蓬溪县2024高考英语阅读理解及书面表达练习（3）

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Book reviews can be a great foot in the door if you’re looking to get your writing published somewhere. Most magazines, whether online or print, will include book reviews about books that tackle the topics the magazine discusses. Also, most editors and staff writers are usually too busy to read books and review them themselves (unless they are specifically assigned to a book review column). Therefore, writing book reviews can be a great way to get started with a writing career.

　　Many people that are reading your review may not know anything about the book you’re reviewing. Instead of making them go find information on their own by searching for the book title, start out with a little description of the book. Make sure you avoid too long of a summary, though, because if too much of your article is a summary of the book, it won’t be interesting. Start with a short paragraph or so that hits all the major points but doesn't give too much away. You don’t want to tell your reader everything about the book, because then they won’t have to read it at all. Just give enough information so your reader is interested in reading the book.

　　Some magazines like to publish book reviews that are completely objective（客观的）. This means that they want a review of the book that doesn't share your opinion and that in which your opinion isn't obvious from reading what you wrote. If you hated a book, it might not be a great book to review. You probably want to review books that you enjoyed. This will give your review a positive spin. Avoid gushing about how much you loved the book, however. You should not include your personal reaction to the book until the very end, where you include a sentence or two about whether or not you would recommend a book and to whom you would recommend it.

　　A great way to get your review noticed is to look at a book through a specific lens. Read the book as a feminist（女权主义者） would, for example, and talk about what a feminist might say to applaud or criticize the book. You can choose any number of lenses, and feminism is just one option. An economic lens, a family lens, the lens of a different nationality, or the lens of a child could all be interesting ways to look at a book. If you look at a book in this way, instead of just reading it and forming your own opinion, it will be much more interesting and marketable. This is especially the case if you look at a lens that relates to the subject of the magazine to which you are submitting. Feminist magazines love book reviews about books read through a feminist lens, for example, because it pertains to their readership.

　　Another great way to write a book review is to talk about the writer’s style. Anyone can pick up a book and read for the plot, but it takes an experienced writer to note interesting things about another writer’s style and write about them intelligently.

　　1. What’s the first paragraph mainly about?

　　A. Standards of good book reviews.

　　B. Benefits of writing book reviews.

　　C. Ways to get your writing published.

　　D. Topics usually discussed in magazines.

　　2. Which of the following is a characteristic of a good book review?

　　A. Including much information on a major point of the book.

　　B. Stating clearly the writer’s opinion of the book.

　　C. Giving a brief summary of the book.

　　D. Avoiding describing the book.

　　3. The fourth paragraph is developed mainly by.

　　A. giving examplesB. telling personal experiences

　　C. making comparisonsD. analyzing causes

　　4. According to the text, only a skilled writer can　.

　　A. look at a book through a specific angle

　　B. give an objective description of a book

　　C. find a book and understand its plot easily

　　D. pay close attention to another writer’s style

　　【参考答案】1—4、BCAD

　　阅读理解。

　　You are busy filling out the application form for a position you really need；let's assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn't it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma (文凭) represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University?

　　More and more people are turning to an utter deception (欺骗)like this to land their first job or to move ahead in their careers. For personnel officers, like most Americans, value degress from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university. Registrars(学籍管理员)at most well-known colleges say that they deal with dishonest claims like these at the rate of about one per week.

　　Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms. It turns out that when an applicant is lying, most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school refers to them as “special cases”. One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says these claims are made by “no such people”．

　　To avoid complete lies，some job seekers claim that they “attended” or “were associated with”a college or university. After careful checking, a personnel officer may discover that “attending” means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that “being associated with” a college means that the job seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century—that's when they began keeping records, anyhow.

　　If you don't want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a fake diploma. One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from “Smoot State University”. The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the “University of Purdue”. As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.

　　因为人事部门的官员们更看重名校学历，因此人们常常为谋求一份好工作和职位而造假。

　　13．The writer mainly wants to tell us that ________.

　　A. college degrees can now be purchased easily

　　B. nowadays it is very hard for people to find jobs

　　C. lying about college degrees is becoming a widespread problem

　　D. employers are no longer interested in applicants' actual performances

　　答案：C。主旨大意题。总览文章可知C项为本文主旨。

　　14．As used in the first line of the second paragraph，the word “utter” means ________.

　　A. thorough

　　B. careful

　　C. imcomplete

　　D. spoken

　　答案：A。词义猜测题。由第二段第一句中的关键词deception(欺骗)及其后的解释“学历造假”，再结合文章主旨可推出A项正确。thorough彻底的。

　　15．Once finding applicants with false diplomas, most colleges would ________.

　　A. keep the records of them B. drive them out of college

　　C. avoid direct conflicts with them D. accuse them of such behaviors

　　答案：C。推理判断题。由第三段中的“...most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly”．和下面给出的例子可推断出C项正确。

　　16．We can learn from the passage that ________.

　　A. US employers value their job applicants with a degree from top universities

　　B. University of Purdue and Purdue University are the same school

　　C. people with fake diplomas can get their first jobs in US easily

　　D. people pay the same price for a fake diploma from different universities

　　答案：A。事实细节题。由第二段第二句“For personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools.”可知A项正确。由尾段可知B、D错误；C项在文中没有信息支持。

　　Early on Saturday morning, one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded hit central Chile. The powerful quake killed more than 800 people, destroyed or badly damaged 1.5 million homes and affected almost 2 million people.

　　The 8.8-magnitude earthquake struck around 3:34 a.m., jolting(震摇) people awake all over the country. The earthquake came from underwater, off the coast of Chile.

　　Fernando Abarzua was in one of the many buildings that collapsed(倒塌) there. “I was on the eighth floor and all of a sudden I was down here,” he said, adding that he was surprised to have escaped with no major injuries.

　　The earthquake triggered(引发) a tsunami that swept across the Pacific Ocean, setting off warnings in 53 countries. In the end, the tsunami's waves caused major damage and several deaths in Chile but nowhere else.

　　Dozens of aftershocks, or smaller earthquakes, rattled(使颤动) the area in the days following Saturday's massive quake.

　　Chile has a history of earthquakes. The largest recorded earthquake in the world—a 9.5-magnitude quake—struck the country in May 1960. Since 1973, there have been 13 quakes there with a magnitude of at least 7.0. As a result, Chile's newer buildings were built to withstand(经受住) the shocks.

　　That is one reason that Chile's quake—though 500 times stronger—has caused much less damage than the earthquake that struck Haiti in January.

　　On Sunday, Bachelet ordered troops in Chile to help hand out food, water and blankets and to clear rubble(瓦砾堆)from the roads. Temporary hospitals were planned for the hardest-hit areas.

　　She later requested help from the international community. On Monday, the United Nations prepared earthquake relief efforts as well as 30 tons of food and other help.

　　Even before Bachelet's request, President Obama announced that the U.S. was prepared to help. “The United States stands ready to assist in the rescue and recovery efforts,” he said.

　　60. The passage mainly tells us

　　.

　　A. how the world helped Chile after its earthquake

　　B. a massive（巨大的） earthquake rocked Chile and the response to it

　　C. hundreds of people died after the Chile’s earthquake

　　D. the poorest country-Chile was destroyed completely

　　61. According to the passage, we know Fernando Abarzua is

　　.

　　A. brave

　　B. devoted

　　C. lucky

　　D. kind

　　62. Which of the following could be the main and direct reason that caused less

　　damage in Chile than that in Haiti?

　　A. Help came in time.

　　B. Chile's people had got the news before the earthquake.

　　C. Chile is richer than Haiti.

　　D. Most of the buildings in Chile can bear the shocks.

　　63. The passage most probably appears

　　.

　　A. in a newspaper

　　B. in a magazine

　　C. in a history book

　　D. in an advertisement

　　【陕西省2024五校联考】书面表达 (满分30分)

　　注意：可适当，以使行文连贯。书面表达 (满分30分)

　　solved, some people suggest that PE be included as a subject in the College Entrance Examination.

　　I’m against the idea because it is by no means practical. Setting up standards for the exam alone may well be a hard task. It is far beyond our ability to manage such a nationwide exam in the sports field.

　　However, good health is an essential foundation of learning. Only when one is in good health can he guarantee efficient learning.

　　Therefore, it is school’s responsibility to help develop their students’ awareness of the importance of keeping fit. Moreover, schools should provide sufficient sports facilities for their students to have regular exercise.

　　【山东省2024高考仿真冲刺卷（）假如你叫李军，是一位成绩优秀的学生，你班班主任在安排座位时，让成绩好的学生和成绩差的学生做同桌，这在你们班成绩优秀的学生中引起了反响，班会课上大家就此进行了讨论。现在请你根据下表把讨论结果向班主任写一封信反映一下，并说出自己的观点。

　　注意：1．词数：120左右，短文的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

　　2．短文需包括表中所有要点，内容可适当发挥，使行文连贯。

　　3．参考词汇：成绩差的学生：a slower student长处：strength 缺点：weakness

　　Dear Mr．Zhang,

　　We have held a discussion about whether it is good or not for a top student to share a desk with a slower studen

　　【参考范文】写作Dear Mr．Zhang,

　　We have held a discussion about whether it is good or not for a top student to share a desk with a slower student.

　　Some are for the idea．In their opinion, everyone has strengths as well as weaknesses．Although they are not good at lessons, they might do well in other fields like sports or arts．Therefore, they can learn from each other, and they may develop friendship．In addition, top students can help slower ones gain self-confidence by helping them with their lessons, which benefits them all.

　　However, others don’t hold the same view．They think some slower students are always making trouble, such as keeping talking in class and breaking school rules, which may lead to their forming bad habits．Besides, slower students often ask top students questions, which has a bad effect on their studies.

　　In my opinion, I’d like to choose to share a desk with a slower student so that we can learn from each other and make progress together．

　　Yours,

　　Li Jun