Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World

　　话题词汇

　　1.mystery n.谜

　　2.puzzling/strange/weird奇怪的

　　3.witness v.见证

　　4.give an explanation解释

　　5.result in/lead to导致

　　6.by accident碰巧

　　经典语篇

　　某论坛开设了一个主题为“Tales of the unexplained”的专区。请你根据以下信息，写一篇100词左右短文，发表在论坛。

　　名称：报时怪石

　　位置：澳大利亚中部的沙漠

　　高度：348米

　　现象：能够有规律地改变颜色，早上为棕色；中午为灰蓝色(dusty blue)；下午为红色。

　　注意：可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。

　　佳作欣赏

　　Have you ever heard of a rock which can tell time? There is one with the height of 348 meters.① The rock just lies in a desert in the middle of Australia.②

　　Its color can alter regularly in a day，and it makes people puzzled about it.③ It’s brown after sunrise in the morning.Interestingly，it turns dusty blue at noon.④ However，in the afternoon，it’s weird that red will appear on its surface.

　　Scientists have been studying this amazing phenomenon for long but nobody has been able to explain how this happens.⑤ In the future，perhaps scientists can find out the exact reason.

　　思维发散

　　1.将第①、②两句用分词结构连成一句

　　There is one with the height of 348 meters，lying in a desert in the middle of Australia.

　　2.用主语从句改写第③句

　　What makes people puzzled is that its color can alter regularly in a day.

　　3.用强调句型改写第④句，强调at noon

　　Interestingly，it is at noon that it turns dusty blue.

　　4.仿照第⑤句用现在完成进行时翻译句子

　　一直下了三天雨。

　　It has been raining for three days on end.

　　Ⅰ.重点单词

　　A.写作单词

　　1.attack (vt.& n.)袭击；攻击

　　2.claim (vt.)声称

　　3.surface (n.)表面；水面

　　4.calm (adj.)平静的；(v.)(使)平静；(使)镇静

　　5.unlikely (adj.)不可能的

　　6.cover (vt.)占地 (多大面积)

　　7.adapt (vi.)适应；适合；改编

　　8.disappear (vi.)不见；消失

　　9.generous (adj.)有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的

　　10.reputation (n.)名誉；名声

　　11.positive (adj.)正面的

　　12.fortune (n.)运气；命运；财富

　　13.frightening (adj.)吓人的

　　frightened (adj.)受惊吓的

　　frighten (v.)使惊恐；惊恐

　　14.exist (vi.)存在

　　existence (n.)存在

　　15.sharp (adj.)锋利的；尖的

　　sharpen (v.)(使)变得锋利；加强；使尖锐

　　B.阅读单词

　　16.footprint (n.)脚印；足迹

　　17.creature (n.)动物；生物

　　18.grey (adj.)灰色的

　　19.journal (n.)杂志；学报；期刊

　　20.sighting (n.)目击；发现

　　21.mysterious (adj.)神秘的

　　22.sceptical (adj.)怀疑的；不相信的

　　23.extinct (adj.)绝种的；消亡了的

　　24.fierce (adj.)凶猛的；残暴的

　　25.destruction (n.)毁坏

　　26.unpredictable (adj.)变化莫测的

　　27.border (n.)边境；国界

　　28.identity (n.)身份；特性

　　29.myth (n.)神话；神话故事

　　30.indicate (vt.)象征；暗示

　　indication (n.)象征；表明

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1.close up靠近

　　2.die out灭绝

　　3.throw light on阐明某事；帮助弄清楚

　　4.come straight to the point谈正题；开门见山

　　5.due to由于；因……造成

　　6.be sceptical about怀疑

　　7.adapt to适应

　　8.go for袭击；抨击；适用；选择；喜欢

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1.He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.

　　他声称看见一个圆形黑色的动物在水中快速游动。

　　2.There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century，although no one has seen one close up.

　　自上世纪初以来，一直就有关于天池怪物的报道，尽管还不曾有人近距离地目睹过。

　　3.They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.

　　他们说，温度低的湖中不可能存活如此大的生物。

　　Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　Lake Tianchi is 1.located(locate) in the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province.It is the 2.highest(high) volcanic lake in the world.There 3.have been(be) reports of monsters in it since the beginning of the last century.

　　Meng Fanying，the director of a local tourist office，said that the monster seemed to be black 4.in colour，and jumped out of the water like a seal.

　　Xue Junlin，a local photographer，claimed that its head looked like a horse,5.though no one really got a clear look at the mysterious creature.

　　A soldier said the monster was greenish-black and had 6.a round head with 10-centimetre horns.

　　Li Xiaohe,7.who was visiting the lake with his family，claimed to have seen a round black creature 8.moving(move) quickly through the water.

　　Many people believe its 9.existence(exist).10.However，scientists are skeptical about this.

　　1

　　?1?make a claim for/on/to要求……

　　?2?claim to do.../that...声称……

　　(1)He claimed that it was all a trick against him.

　　他声称这一切都是一个针对他的诡计。

　　(2)He repeated his claim that the people there backed his action.

　　他再次声称，那里的人民支持他的行动。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①The scientist claimed to have invented(invent) a new kind of car.

　　②The victims in the accident made a claim for damages.

　　(2)She claims that she is related to the Queen.(用含有不定式的简单句改写)

　　She claims to be related to the Queen.

　　2 calm adj.镇静的，沉着的?not excited，upset，etc.?；风平浪静的；无风的；v.?使?平静，?使?镇静

　　?1?keep/be/stay calm保持镇静

　　?2?calm down?使?平静?镇静?下来

　　(1)The weather was fine and the lake was calm.

　　天气很好，湖面也很平静。

　　(2)It is important to keep/stay calm in an emergency.

　　在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。

　　(3)Moved by what she said，he could hardly calm down.

　　由于被她说的那些话所感动，他很难平静下来。

　　[词义辨析]　calm，quiet，silent，still

　　(1)calm平静的，沉着的，指无风浪或人的心情不激动。

　　(2)quiet宁静的，安静的，指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑。

　　(3)silent寂静的，沉默的，指不说话或没有声音。

　　(4)still静止的，不动的，指(人体等)不运动的。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用calm，quiet，silent，still的正确形式填空

　　①Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.

　　②He spoke no English and was completely silent during the visit.

　　③Children find it difficult to sit still for very long.

　　④The airlines have invested enormous sums in quieter，more efficient engines.

　　(2)单句改错

　　Although she was frightened，she answered with a calm voice.with→in

　　3

　　[应试指导]　分词作状语的考查

　　(1)adapt (...) to (使……)适应于……

　　adapt oneself to使自己适应……

　　adapt...for...为……改编(写)；改造……以供……之用

　　adapt from根据……改编(写)

　　(2)adaptable adj.有适应能力的；能适应的；可改编的

　　(3)adaptation n.改编本；适应

　　(1)During the one-month stay，I had to adapt myself to their American lifestyle and help them understand the best part of Chinese culture.

　　一个月的生活中，我只好使自己适应美国的生活方式并帮助他们理解中国文化的精髓。

　　(2)This machine has been specially adapted for use underwater.

　　这机器是为水下使用而特别改装的。

　　(3)The soil is adaptable to the growth of peanuts.

　　这土壤适宜于花生的生长。

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)The play is adapted from a novel.

　　(2)These teaching materials can be adapted for older children.

　　(3)When you go to a new country，you must adapt to new manners and customs.

　　(4)This play is an adaptation(adapt) of a short novel.

　　4

　　die of/from死于,die down?声音、火焰等?逐渐减弱、降低

　　die off相继死去，死亡殆尽

　　die away?声音、光、风等?逐渐减弱，逐渐消失

　　be dying for/to do...渴望获得/做……

　　(1)Smallpox has completely died out in this country.

　　天花在这个国家已经绝迹了。

　　(2)When the applause had died down，she began her speech.

　　掌声平息后，她就开始演讲了。

　　(3)The sheep the old man raised died off one by one.

　　老人饲养的绵羊一个个相继死去。

　　[词义辨析]　die of，die from

　　表示死的原因，die后既可接介词of，也可接from，两者的区别是：

　　(1)若死因存在于人体之上或之内(主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因)，一般用介词of。

　　(2)若死因不是存在人体之上或之内，而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原因)，一般用介词from。

　　(3)若死因是环境影响到体内，即两方面共有的原因，则用of，from均可。

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)According to statistics，a man is more than twice as likely to die of/from skin cancer as a woman.

　　(2)She is dying to know(know) where you’ve been.

　　(3)The excitement died down as time went by.

　　(4)The singing of birds died away.

　　(5)The cattle died off in the cold winter.

　　5

　　be due to sth.因为，由于；归因于

　　be due to do sth.预期/预定要做某事

　　be due for sth.期望得到某物

　　(1)The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of government funding.

　　这项工程由于缺乏政府的资助而不得不放弃。

　　(2)Any money that is due to you will be paid before the end of the month.

　　欠你的钱将在月底之前全部支付给你。

　　(3)The meeting isn’t due to start until three.

　　会议预计直到3点才开始。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①We are due to leave(leave) tomorrow.

　　②Respect is due to older people.

　　③Due to your carelessness(care)，it doesn’t work now.

　　④She is due for promotion soon.

　　(2)单句改错

　　His absence due to the storm.due前加was

　　6

　　多维训练

　　(1)用exist的正确形式填空

　　①There exists a good way to solve the existing problem in geography.

　　②Do you know when the new Marriage Law came into existence?

　　(2) 短语填空　

　　①He could hardly exist on such a low wage.

　　②Some substances unknown are in existence naturally.

　　③The custom of arranged marriages still exists in many countries.

　　7

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)It’s very generous of you to help me.

　　(2)He is generous to the poor.

　　(3)She is generous in giving her time to help others.

　　(4)The young man is generous with his money.

　　8 They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.他们说，温度低的湖中不可能存活如此大的生物。

　　be unlikely to do...不可能做……

　　be likely to do...可能做……

　　It is likely that...可能……

　　It is possible ?for sb.? to do...?某人?可能做……

　　It is possible that...可能……

　　It is probable that...可能……

　　Not likely.不会；不可能。

　　(1)It seems to me that he’s likely to know the answer.

　　在我看来，他很可能知道答案。

　　(2)It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.

　　如果继续吸烟，你的身体健康会受到损害。

　　[特别提醒]

　　(1)likely既可以用人也可以用物作主语。

　　(2)possible和probable表示客观上有可能，不能用人作主语。probable的可能性比possible大。

　　多维训练

　　(1)同义句改写

　　They are likely to be fired by the company because of their fault.(用it作形式主语改写)

　　It is likely that they will be fired by the company because of their fault.

　　(2)根据提示语填空

　　The headmaster ①is not likely to attend(可能不来参加) the meeting，but it is ②possible(有可能) for us to come up with a solution by ourselves.Anyhow it is ③probable/likely(很有可能) that we can solve the problem in a satisfactory way.

　　Ⅰ.语境填词

　　1.When an individual ant comes under attack(攻击) or is dying，it sends out an alarm pheromone(外激素) to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.(2024·安徽)

　　2.Study groups and class projects are examples of positive(积极的) peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.(2024·江苏)

　　3.No one could be more generous(慷慨的)；he has a heart of gold.(2024·天津)

　　4.What earned the plant its awful reputation(名声) was its roots which looked like a dried-up human body occupied by evil spirits.(2024·重庆)

　　5.She handed me an earring saying I should keep it in case somebody claimed(认领) it.(2024·大纲全国Ⅱ)

　　Ⅱ.单句语法填空

　　1.Both locally and globally，the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations(种植园) could mean the destruction(destructive) of the rainforest ecology.(2024·陕西)