课时提升作业(三十八Ⅰ. 单项填空

　　1. (2024·菏泽模拟)It is the ability to do the job　matters not where you come from or what you are.

　　A. one　B. that　C. what　D. it

　　2. (2024·双鸭山模拟)She　clean out the spare room last week, but it was too much occupied that time.

　　A. intended to B. was intended to

　　C. had intended to

　　D. has intended to

　　3. (2024·杭州模拟)Jim knows little about computer, so his wife thinks he can’t　the development of times.

　　A. keep pace with

　　B. take advantage of

　　C. throw light on

　　D. put enthusiasm into

　　4. Quit　your time and money on useless things or you will regret one day!

　　A. to waste B. wasting

　　C. devoting

　　D. to devote

　　5. Her influence　after she lost the election and resigned, so many people didn’t contact her.

　　A. flew B. declined

　　C. increased

　　D. floated

　　6. Hardly　the job when he rose to his feet, satisfied and relaxed.

　　A. had he finished B. did he finish

　　C. he had finished

　　D. he finished

　　7. I want to put my accounts　before I leave.

　　A. in general B. in order

　　C. in total

　　D. in astonishment

　　8. (2024·临川模拟)It’s already 10 o’clock. I wonder how it　that she was two hours late on such a short trip.

　　A. came over B. came out

　　C. came about

　　D. came up

　　9. That fat woman looked ridiculous in her　golden dress.

　　A. desperate B. humorous

　　C. tight

　　D. eager

　　10. A $10　is offered to whoever washes the dishes after dinner at my home.

　　A. reward B. award

　　C. price

　　D. prize

　　11. The United Nations has　efforts to solve the conflict between the two countries peacefully.

　　A. laid B. locked

　　C. served

　　D. supported

　　12. (2024·长春模拟)Your understanding on the theory is　satisfactory. You must read more after class.

　　A. far from B. up to

　　C. along with

　　D. free of

　　13. (2024·桂林模拟)To enjoy the scenery, Bob would spend long time on the train　travel by air.

　　A. other than B. apart form

　　C. instead of

　　D. rather than

　　14. What shall we do when problems of safety　?

　　A. arise B. rise

　　C. raise

　　D. arouse

　　15. The girl who spoke in　high childish voice brought child poverty in remote areas to　attention of the public.

　　A. the; the B. a; /

　　C. a; the

　　D. a; an

　　Ⅱ. 阅读理解(原创)Mo Yan has become the first Chinese citizen to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2024 for his work Frogs.

　　Many got to know of Mo through director Zhang Yimou’s film, Red Sorghum(《红高粱》). It was adapted from his 1986 novel of the same name and filmed in Gaomi, bringing to life a visual landscape of red sorghum fields and a fiery setting sun. His most famous works include Big Breasts and Wide Hips, Sandalwood Penalty and the 1985 novel Red Transparent Radish.

　　Mo dropped out of school and became a cattle herder as a child. At 20, he left his hometown and joined the army. Mo left the army in 1997 and gradually developed a writing style of his own. Gaomi county is where most of Mo’s stories happen. It’s a place that has inspired him throughout his 31-year writing career.

　　“I grew up in an environment full of folk culture, which comes into my novels when I pick up a pen to write. This has definitely affected, even decided, my works’ artistic style, ”Mo told a group of reporters in his hometown of Gaomi, Shandong, shortly after he won the award.

　　“I really didn’t see this coming, ” Lu Jiande, director of the Institute of Literature at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, told 21st Century. “I know Mo Yan pretty well and one thing a lot of people don’t know is how good he is with words. His writing is surprisingly beautiful. In his writing, he can make words live and breathe. ”Lu said. “He is far ahead of other Chinese in the sense that he takes the critical perspective inside first, starting from criticizing himself instead of the outside world. ”

　　Some critics point out that Mo’s works have a tendency toward vulgarity(粗俗).

　　In an interview with South China Morning Post, Professor Xiao Ying of Tsinghua University said “the award was outside of my expectation, as Mo Yan’s works are still short on the idealism of pursuing humanity, which marks previous Nobel literature prize winners”. (346W)

　　1. Which of the following statements about Mo Yan is RIGHT?

　　A. He was the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize.

　　B. He grew up in a poor family.

　　C. Red Sorghum was his first work.

　　D. Gaomi is famous for its beautiful scenery.

　　2. Gaomi is a place　.

　　A. with traditional agriculture and culture

　　B. with modern industry

　　C. where there are many poor peasants

　　D. where there are many writers and artists

　　3. What has inspired Mo Yan when he is writing?

　　A. His experience in the army.

　　B. His living environment in Gaomi County.

　　C. Modern urban life.

　　D. Other writers’ works.

　　4. Professor Xiao Ying of Tsinghua University thinks that Mo Yan　.

　　A. can match previous Nobel literature prize winners

　　B. focuses on the idealism of pursuing humanity in his works

　　C. is worth admiring

　　D. doesn’t deserve to be given the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2024

　　Ⅲ. 阅读第二节

　　(2024·长春模拟)

　　根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　We are all faced with challenges constantly in every area of our lives. 　1　

　　The truth is that you will have to deal with difficult problems throughout your life, whether it is in your personal life or career. Most of us get really afraid and run away from problems because we don’t want to accept reality. Running away from your problems is the worst thing you can do to deal with the challenges you are faced with. Here are some tips for you on learning how to deal with everyday challenges.

　　Please bear in mind that you shouldn’t overact when coming across challenges. Overacting to a problem will cause you to make bad decisions. 　2　Next time you are faced with a challenge, stay calm so you can make smarter decisions.

　　　3　If you cannot accept reality, you will feel very frustrated with your life. Once you can accept reality, you will be able to be calmer and think more clearly about how to get a step closer towards your goals every day.

　　Many people make a habit of blaming others for all their problems. They fail to take full responsibility for the decisions they have made in life. The more you blame others for the challenges you are faced with, the more you will make people dislike you and not want to be around you. 　4　

　　Don’t compare your lifestyle with others. Of course, it is really difficult not to compare ourselves with other people. However, the more often we do that, the more frustrated we will feel. 　5　The key thing to remember is that you create your own story and success in life.

　　A. Accept the reality of the present moment.

　　B. Try to look at change as a positive challenge, not as a threat.

　　C. There will always be a person that may have accomplished more than you.

　　D. Our focus may entirely be on how we can deal with the challenge that has come our way.

　　E. When we are not in control of our emotions, we will make decisions that we will regret later.

　　F. However, most people have a hard time accepting and dealing with these challenges that arise.

　　G. As a result, the first thing you should do when faced with a personal challenge is not point fingers at others.

　　【语篇随练】

　　将下列阅读理解中的句子翻译成汉语His writing is surprisingly beautiful. In his writing, he can make words live and breathe. He is far ahead of other Chinese in the sense that he takes the critical perspective inside first, starting from criticizing himself instead of the outside world.

　　【译】Ⅰ. 1.【解析】选B。考查强调句型。“It + be +被强调部分+ that/who+其他”是强调句型, 此处被强调部分是the ability to do the job。

　　【变式备选】

　　It is his cleverness, not his strength, 　defeated his rival.

　　A. that B. which

　　C. what

　　D. who

　　【解析】选A。考查强调句型。题干是强调句型的结构, 即it is+被强调部分(his cleverness, not his strength)+that+其他。

　　2.【解析】选C。考查时态和语态。句意: 上周她本来打算打扫那个闲置的房子, 但那时房子里有太多东西。表示“本来打算……, 却没有做成”用had intended to do sth. 。故选C。

　　【知识拓展】

　　本来打算做某事的三种表达方式(1)had hoped/meant/planned/intended to do sth.

　　(2)was/were going to do sth.

　　(3)would like to have done sth.

　　3.【解析】选A。考查动词短语。句意: 吉姆对电脑知之甚少, 所以他的妻子认为他不能跟上时代的发展。keep pace with跟上, 赶上; take advantage of利用; throw light on阐明; put enthusiasm into在……中投入热情。

　　4.【解析】选B。句意: 不要把时间和金钱浪费在无用的东西上, 否则有一天你会后悔的!quit doing sth. 放弃做某事。waste time/money on sth. 把时间/金钱浪费在……上面; devote time/money to把时间/金钱投入到……上面。根据句中的on可知此处选B。

　　5.【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 在她落选辞职后, 她的影响减弱了, 所以很多人不和她联系了。fly飞; decline下降, 衰退; increase增长; float漂浮。

　　6.【解析】选A。考查部分倒装。当否定词位于句首时, 主句用部分倒装。此处是hardly. . . when(一……就), 在此结构中, 主句用过去完成时。

　　7.【解析】选B。考查介词短语。句意: 在离开前我想把账目整理好。in general一般来说, 大体上; in order按顺序, 妥当; in total总共; in astonishment吃惊地。

　　8.【解析】选C。考查come动词短语。句意: 已经10点钟了。我想知道在这么短的旅程中她迟到两个小时是怎么回事。come over过来; come out出来, 出版, 开花; come about发生; come up上升, 走上前。

　　9.【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。句意: 那位胖女士穿着紧身的金黄色的裙子, 看起来可笑。desperate绝望的; humorous幽默的; tight紧的, 紧身的; eager渴望的。

　　10【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意: 在我家, 无论谁饭后刷盘子, 都会得到10美元的奖赏。reward报酬, 奖赏; award奖; price价格; prize奖, 奖金。

　　11.【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意: 联合国支持为了和平解决这两国的争端所作出的努力。lay放置, 下蛋; lock锁; serve服务, 服役, 端上饭菜等; support支持。

　　12.【解析】选A。句意: 你对这个理论的理解远不令人满意。课下要多读一读。far from远非, 绝不; up to多达, 直到; along with和……一起; free of免……的, 摆脱……的。

　　13.【解析】选D。考查固定短语。句意: 为了欣赏风景, 鲍勃宁愿长时间乘坐火车也不愿意坐飞机。other than除了; apart from除了, 除……之外还有; instead of代替; rather than而不是。would. . . rather than. . . 宁愿……也不……。

　　【变式备选】

　　She insisted on having the room papered rather than　.

　　A. to paint

　　B. painting

　　C. painted

　　D. to be painted

　　【解析】选C。rather than连接两个平行结构, 此处painted与papered是并列的, 所以用过去分词。

　　14.【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意: 当安全问题出现时, 我们怎么办? arise(由……)引起, (问题等)产生; rise上升; raise提高, 饲养, 筹集; arouse唤起。

　　15.【解析】选C。in a. . . voice用……声音说话; bring sth. to the attention of sb. 引起某人注意某事。

　　Ⅱ.

　　本文主要介绍了2024年诺贝尔文学奖获得者莫言以及一些人对他的评价。

　　1.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知莫言成为首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家, A项表述与此有出入; 根据第二段的the 1985 novel Red Transparent Radish可知, 《红高粱》并不是他的第一部作品; 根据第三段的第一句可知, 小时候他的家庭贫困, 故B项正确。

　　2.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段中拍摄《红高粱》的画面和第四段中莫言说的I grew up in an environment full of folk culture可知。

　　3.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段的I grew up in an environment full of folk culture, which comes into my novels when I pick up a pen to write. 可知。

　　4.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知Professor Xiao Ying对莫言的评价不是很高, 认为他能获奖是很出乎意料的。故选D。

　　Ⅲ.答案: 1~5. FEAGC

　　【语篇随练】

　　他的作品很优美。在他的作品中, 文字具有生命力, 会呼吸。他远远超过其他中国人, 他具有内在的批判的眼光, 先从批评自己开始而不是外在的世界。

　　课时提升作业(三十八Ⅰ. 单项填空

　　1. (2024·菏泽模拟)It is the ability to do the job　matters not where you come from or what you are.

　　A. one　B. that　C. what　D. it

　　2. (2024·双鸭山模拟)She　clean out the spare room last week, but it was too much occupied that time.

　　A. intended to B. was intended to

　　C. had intended to

　　D. has intended to

　　3. (2024·杭州模拟)Jim knows little about computer, so his wife thinks he can’t　the development of times.

　　A. keep pace with

　　B. take advantage of

　　C. throw light on

　　D. put enthusiasm into

　　4. Quit　your time and money on useless things or you will regret one day!

　　A. to waste B. wasting

　　C. devoting

　　D. to devote

　　5. Her influence　after she lost the election and resigned, so many people didn’t contact her.

　　A. flew B. declined

　　C. increased

　　D. floated

　　6. Hardly　the job when he rose to his feet, satisfied and relaxed.

　　A. had he finished B. did he finish

　　C. he had finished

　　D. he finished

　　7. I want to put my accounts　before I leave.

　　A. in general B. in order

　　C. in total

　　D. in astonishment

　　8. (2024·临川模拟)It’s already 10 o’clock. I wonder how it　that she was two hours late on such a short trip.

　　A. came over B. came out

　　C. came about

　　D. came up

　　9. That fat woman looked ridiculous in her　golden dress.

　　A. desperate B. humorous

　　C. tight

　　D. eager

　　10. A $10　is offered to whoever washes the dishes after dinner at my home.

　　A. reward B. award

　　C. price

　　D. prize

　　11. The United Nations has　efforts to solve the conflict between the two countries peacefully.

　　A. laid B. locked

　　C. served

　　D. supported

　　12. (2024·长春模拟)Your understanding on the theory is　satisfactory. You must read more after class.

　　A. far from B. up to

　　C. along with

　　D. free of

　　13. (2024·桂林模拟)To enjoy the scenery, Bob would spend long time on the train　travel by air.

　　A. other than B. apart form

　　C. instead of

　　D. rather than

　　14. What shall we do when problems of safety　?

　　A. arise B. rise

　　C. raise

　　D. arouse

　　15. The girl who spoke in　high childish voice brought child poverty in remote areas to　attention of the public.

　　A. the; the B. a; /

　　C. a; the

　　D. a; an

　　Ⅱ. 阅读理解(原创)Mo Yan has become the first Chinese citizen to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2024 for his work Frogs.

　　Many got to know of Mo through director Zhang Yimou’s film, Red Sorghum(《红高粱》). It was adapted from his 1986 novel of the same name and filmed in Gaomi, bringing to life a visual landscape of red sorghum fields and a fiery setting sun. His most famous works include Big Breasts and Wide Hips, Sandalwood Penalty and the 1985 novel Red Transparent Radish.

　　Mo dropped out of school and became a cattle herder as a child. At 20, he left his hometown and joined the army. Mo left the army in 1997 and gradually developed a writing style of his own. Gaomi county is where most of Mo’s stories happen. It’s a place that has inspired him throughout his 31-year writing career.

　　“I grew up in an environment full of folk culture, which comes into my novels when I pick up a pen to write. This has definitely affected, even decided, my works’ artistic style, ”Mo told a group of reporters in his hometown of Gaomi, Shandong, shortly after he won the award.

　　“I really didn’t see this coming, ” Lu Jiande, director of the Institute of Literature at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, told 21st Century. “I know Mo Yan pretty well and one thing a lot of people don’t know is how good he is with words. His writing is surprisingly beautiful. In his writing, he can make words live and breathe. ”Lu said. “He is far ahead of other Chinese in the sense that he takes the critical perspective inside first, starting from criticizing himself instead of the outside world. ”

　　Some critics point out that Mo’s works have a tendency toward vulgarity(粗俗).

　　In an interview with South China Morning Post, Professor Xiao Ying of Tsinghua University said “the award was outside of my expectation, as Mo Yan’s works are still short on the idealism of pursuing humanity, which marks previous Nobel literature prize winners”. (346W)

　　1. Which of the following statements about Mo Yan is RIGHT?

　　A. He was the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize.

　　B. He grew up in a poor family.

　　C. Red Sorghum was his first work.

　　D. Gaomi is famous for its beautiful scenery.

　　2. Gaomi is a place　.

　　A. with traditional agriculture and culture

　　B. with modern industry

　　C. where there are many poor peasants

　　D. where there are many writers and artists

　　3. What has inspired Mo Yan when he is writing?

　　A. His experience in the army.

　　B. His living environment in Gaomi County.

　　C. Modern urban life.

　　D. Other writers’ works.

　　4. Professor Xiao Ying of Tsinghua University thinks that Mo Yan　.

　　A. can match previous Nobel literature prize winners

　　B. focuses on the idealism of pursuing humanity in his works

　　C. is worth admiring

　　D. doesn’t deserve to be given the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2024

　　Ⅲ. 阅读第二节

　　(2024·长春模拟)

　　根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　We are all faced with challenges constantly in every area of our lives. 　1　

　　The truth is that you will have to deal with difficult problems throughout your life, whether it is in your personal life or career. Most of us get really afraid and run away from problems because we don’t want to accept reality. Running away from your problems is the worst thing you can do to deal with the challenges you are faced with. Here are some tips for you on learning how to deal with everyday challenges.

　　Please bear in mind that you shouldn’t overact when coming across challenges. Overacting to a problem will cause you to make bad decisions. 　2　Next time you are faced with a challenge, stay calm so you can make smarter decisions.

　　　3　If you cannot accept reality, you will feel very frustrated with your life. Once you can accept reality, you will be able to be calmer and think more clearly about how to get a step closer towards your goals every day.

　　Many people make a habit of blaming others for all their problems. They fail to take full responsibility for the decisions they have made in life. The more you blame others for the challenges you are faced with, the more you will make people dislike you and not want to be around you. 　4　

　　Don’t compare your lifestyle with others. Of course, it is really difficult not to compare ourselves with other people. However, the more often we do that, the more frustrated we will feel. 　5　The key thing to remember is that you create your own story and success in life.

　　A. Accept the reality of the present moment.

　　B. Try to look at change as a positive challenge, not as a threat.

　　C. There will always be a person that may have accomplished more than you.

　　D. Our focus may entirely be on how we can deal with the challenge that has come our way.

　　E. When we are not in control of our emotions, we will make decisions that we will regret later.

　　F. However, most people have a hard time accepting and dealing with these challenges that arise.

　　G. As a result, the first thing you should do when faced with a personal challenge is not point fingers at others.

　　【语篇随练】

　　将下列阅读理解中的句子翻译成汉语His writing is surprisingly beautiful. In his writing, he can make words live and breathe. He is far ahead of other Chinese in the sense that he takes the critical perspective inside first, starting from criticizing himself instead of the outside world.

　　【译】Ⅰ. 1.【解析】选B。考查强调句型。“It + be +被强调部分+ that/who+其他”是强调句型, 此处被强调部分是the ability to do the job。

　　【变式备选】

　　It is his cleverness, not his strength, 　defeated his rival.

　　A. that B. which

　　C. what

　　D. who

　　【解析】选A。考查强调句型。题干是强调句型的结构, 即it is+被强调部分(his cleverness, not his strength)+that+其他。

　　2.【解析】选C。考查时态和语态。句意: 上周她本来打算打扫那个闲置的房子, 但那时房子里有太多东西。表示“本来打算……, 却没有做成”用had intended to do sth. 。故选C。

　　【知识拓展】

　　本来打算做某事的三种表达方式(1)had hoped/meant/planned/intended to do sth.

　　(2)was/were going to do sth.

　　(3)would like to have done sth.

　　3.【解析】选A。考查动词短语。句意: 吉姆对电脑知之甚少, 所以他的妻子认为他不能跟上时代的发展。keep pace with跟上, 赶上; take advantage of利用; throw light on阐明; put enthusiasm into在……中投入热情。

　　4.【解析】选B。句意: 不要把时间和金钱浪费在无用的东西上, 否则有一天你会后悔的!quit doing sth. 放弃做某事。waste time/money on sth. 把时间/金钱浪费在……上面; devote time/money to把时间/金钱投入到……上面。根据句中的on可知此处选B。

　　5.【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 在她落选辞职后, 她的影响减弱了, 所以很多人不和她联系了。fly飞; decline下降, 衰退; increase增长; float漂浮。

　　6.【解析】选A。考查部分倒装。当否定词位于句首时, 主句用部分倒装。此处是hardly. . . when(一……就), 在此结构中, 主句用过去完成时。

　　7.【解析】选B。考查介词短语。句意: 在离开前我想把账目整理好。in general一般来说, 大体上; in order按顺序, 妥当; in total总共; in astonishment吃惊地。

　　8.【解析】选C。考查come动词短语。句意: 已经10点钟了。我想知道在这么短的旅程中她迟到两个小时是怎么回事。come over过来; come out出来, 出版, 开花; come about发生; come up上升, 走上前。

　　9.【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。句意: 那位胖女士穿着紧身的金黄色的裙子, 看起来可笑。desperate绝望的; humorous幽默的; tight紧的, 紧身的; eager渴望的。

　　10【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意: 在我家, 无论谁饭后刷盘子, 都会得到10美元的奖赏。reward报酬, 奖赏; award奖; price价格; prize奖, 奖金。

　　11.【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意: 联合国支持为了和平解决这两国的争端所作出的努力。lay放置, 下蛋; lock锁; serve服务, 服役, 端上饭菜等; support支持。

　　12.【解析】选A。句意: 你对这个理论的理解远不令人满意。课下要多读一读。far from远非, 绝不; up to多达, 直到; along with和……一起; free of免……的, 摆脱……的。

　　13.【解析】选D。考查固定短语。句意: 为了欣赏风景, 鲍勃宁愿长时间乘坐火车也不愿意坐飞机。other than除了; apart from除了, 除……之外还有; instead of代替; rather than而不是。would. . . rather than. . . 宁愿……也不……。

　　【变式备选】

　　She insisted on having the room papered rather than　.

　　A. to paint

　　B. painting

　　C. painted

　　D. to be painted

　　【解析】选C。rather than连接两个平行结构, 此处painted与papered是并列的, 所以用过去分词。

　　14.【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意: 当安全问题出现时, 我们怎么办? arise(由……)引起, (问题等)产生; rise上升; raise提高, 饲养, 筹集; arouse唤起。

　　15.【解析】选C。in a. . . voice用……声音说话; bring sth. to the attention of sb. 引起某人注意某事。

　　Ⅱ.

　　本文主要介绍了2024年诺贝尔文学奖获得者莫言以及一些人对他的评价。

　　1.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知莫言成为首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家, A项表述与此有出入; 根据第二段的the 1985 novel Red Transparent Radish可知, 《红高粱》并不是他的第一部作品; 根据第三段的第一句可知, 小时候他的家庭贫困, 故B项正确。

　　2.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段中拍摄《红高粱》的画面和第四段中莫言说的I grew up in an environment full of folk culture可知。

　　3.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段的I grew up in an environment full of folk culture, which comes into my novels when I pick up a pen to write. 可知。

　　4.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知Professor Xiao Ying对莫言的评价不是很高, 认为他能获奖是很出乎意料的。故选D。

　　Ⅲ.答案: 1~5. FEAGC

　　【语篇随练】

　　他的作品很优美。在他的作品中, 文字具有生命力, 会呼吸。他远远超过其他中国人, 他具有内在的批判的眼光, 先从批评自己开始而不是外在的世界。