强化训练17　语法填空(三)

　　(45分钟，100分)

　　A

　　A triathlon (三项全能运动) is a sports event which combines three sports, __1__ (typical) running, biking, and swimming. During a triathlon, athletes finish all three sports without stopping __2__ (beat) the clock. People of all ages and sizes can compete in triathlons. But much like other sports events, a lot of professional __3__ (compete) rule the triathlon world. In addition, many triathlons __4__ (hold) to benefit charity, much like marathons.

　　The modern triathlon appeared in California in __5__ 1970s. It usually begins with the swimming, __6__ (follow) by cycling, and finally running. A triathlon tests the endurance (忍耐力) and speed of an athlete, as well as his or her ability to keep energy and focus __7__ the race as a whole. A

　　triathlon competes against a clock, rather than against other athletes. A variation of the triathlon is a relay triathlon, __8__ a different athlete completes each stage.

　　The swimming stage takes place in a lake or the open ocean. As soon as athletes come out from the water, they change into cycling at the __9__ (fast) speed to save time. After cycling, the athletes change shoes to run. The course is considered complete once the athletes __10__ (cross) the finish line.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了三项全能运动是怎样的一项运动。

　　1．解析：考查副词。三项全能运动是一种包含三项运动的体育比赛，通常是赛跑、骑自行车和游泳。修饰动词应用副词typically“通常”。

　　答案：typically

　　2．解析：考查非谓语动词。在三项全能运动中，为提前完成任务，运动员需要毫不停歇地完成所有的三项运动。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。

　　答案：to beat

　　3．解析：考查名词。空处位于形容词professional后、谓语动词rule前，故要用名词。再根据句意“但是就像其他体育赛事一样，很多专业的参赛者掌控着三项全能运动领域”及前面的“a lot of”可知，此处要用表示人的名词competitor“参赛者”，且要用其复数形式。

　　答案：competitors

　　4．解析：考查时态和语态。此处描述的是现在的一般情况，要用一般现在时；此处，主语many triathlons与hold之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。

　　答案：are held

　　5．解析：考查冠词。现代三项全能运动于20世纪70年代出现在加利福尼亚。表示“在……世纪……年代”时要用定冠词the，这是固定用法。

　　答案：the

　　6．解析：考查非谓语动词。它通常从游泳开始，接着是骑自行车，最后是赛跑。swimming与follow“跟随”之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。

　　答案：followed

　　7．解析：考查介词。focus on是固定词组，意为“集中注意力或精力于……”。

　　答案：on

　　8．解析：考查定语从句。三项全能运动的一种变化形式是接力三项全能运动，在这个运动中不同的运动员完成各自的部分。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，先行词是a relay triathlon，故填where。

　　答案：where

　　9．解析：考查形容词最高级。为了节省时间，运动员从水里一出来就以最快的速度改骑自行车。根据空前的“the”和空后的“to save time”可看出，此处要填fast的最高级形式。

　　答案：fastest

　　10．解析：考查时态。根据常识可知，选手要在冲过终点线之后才能算完成比赛。故此处要用现在完成时。

　　答案：have crossed

　　B

　　I drove to a local supermarket the other day. My shopping list was long and my wallet was light. Still, I needed to get a week's food for my family. I parked my car, looked down at my list, and hoped I

　　__1__

　　pay for it all.

　　As I walked into the door, I saw a man with kind

　　__2__ (eye) and a gentle smile. He said he was

　　__3__

　　(collect) for a local food bank that helped to feed the hungry in my area. He handed me a second shopping list of things they could use and asked me to help if I could. I smiled back, took the list and walked into the store.

　　I really wanted to help,

　　__4__ wasn't sure if I could this time.

　　I walked through the store, picking up vegetables, soup, spaghetti, bread, milk, cereal, macaroni, bananas, and a dozen other things. I slowly marked each item(项) off my list until I was done. When I looked down at my full cart (购物车) I wondered again

　　__5__

　　I even had enough to pay for it all. Then, as I put my own list back into my pocket, I saw the food-bank list under it. I smiled and

　　__6__

　　(decide) to trust my heart.

　　With the food bank in mind, I went over and picked up two of the biggest boxes of rice the store had and put

　　__7__ (they) in my cart. It took another six dollars out of my wallet to pay for them, but my heart felt six times

　　__8__

　　(large) when I did. And when everything was added up, I had just enough to pay for it all.

　　It takes so little to make our world a better place. A few dollars can help to fill a

　　__9__

　　(child) hungry stomach.

　　__10__

　　(kind) can change another's day and life. It is up to us, though. We can save a few dollars on rice, or we can share love that will last forever.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。一天，作者开车去当地的一家超市购物的过程中做了一件好事。

　　1．解析：考查情态动词。句意：我停好车，低头看了看我的清单，希望自己可以付得起。根据句意，此处表示“能够，可以”，且此处讲述过去的事情，故用情态动词can的过去式could。

　　答案：could　

　　2．解析：考查名词复数。句意：当我进门时，我看到一个眼神友善又面带温和笑容的人。一个人有两只眼睛，且空前无冠词或所有格，故用eye的复数形式。

　　答案：eyes　

　　3．解析：考查时态。句意：他说他在为一个当地的食物赈济处募集(食物)。根据空前的“was”和collect与主语he是主动关系可知，此处应用过去进行时，故填collecting。

　　答案：collecting　

　　4．解析：考查并列连词。句意：我真的想帮忙，但是不确定这次是否能做到。前后分句之间是转折关系，故用but“但是”。

　　答案：but　

　　5．解析：考查名词性从句。句意：当我低头看着满满的购物车时，我又一次不知道我是否有足够的钱来支付。wondered后是一个宾语执句，从句成分完整，此处表示“是否”，故用if/whether。

　　答案：if/whether　

　　6．解析：考查时态。句意：我笑了笑并决定相信自己的心。and连接两个并列的谓语，故应填decided与smiled并列。

　　答案：decided　

　　7．解析：考查代词。put后的宾语指的是two of the biggest boxes of rice，故用出they的宾格形式them。

　　答案：them　

　　8．解析：考查比较级。句意：但是我这样做时，我感觉我的心是原来的六倍大。虽然句中没有than，但是根据语境可知，此处有比较的意味，倍数表达法中，三倍及以上用“基数词＋times＋比较级(＋than)”表示，故用larger。

　　答案：larger　

　　9．解析：考查名词所有格。句意：几美元就能帮助填满一个孩子饥饿的胃。空后是名词stomach，所给提示词是child，空前是不定冠词a，故此处应该用child的所有格形式。

　　答案：child's　

　　10．解析：考查名词。句意：善行能够改变另一个人的一天和生活。空处作句子的主语，因此要用kind的名词形式kindness“善行”。

　　答案：Kindness　

　　C

　　As is known to us, the year 2024 has one extra day in it－February, 29th. This is because it's

　　__1__

　　we call “a leap year”. Every four years, the year has 366 days in

　　__2__ instead of 365.

　　It is called a leap year because hundreds of years ago in England, the extra day wasn't

　　__3__

　　(legal) recognized. There is a well-known tradition in the UK

　　__4__

　　(associate) with February 29th, introduced many centuries ago.

　　Women are allowed to break with tradition and propose(求婚) to their boyfriends on this day. This all started back in the

　　__5__ (five) century, when a famous Irish saint made a

　　__6__ (complain)

　　that women had to wait too long for men to propose.

　　According to the legend,

　　Saint Patrick said any female dreaming of a proposal could ask her boyfriend to marry her on this additional day in February. This so-called tradition

　　__7__

　　(write)

　　in law in the thirteenth century.

　　Scotland passed a law allowing women to propose to men in a leap year. It was said that if the men refused, they had to pay a fine!

　　Now in 2024, there are calls

　　__8__

　　February 29th to become a public holiday. Some people believe that it should be an

　　__9__

　　(office) day off, because no one gets

　　__10__ (many) payments for working an extra day in a leap year. For the moment though, the British still have to go to work on this day.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【语篇解读】　本文讲述了与闰年二月二十九日相关的事宜。

　　1．解析：考查表语从句。句意：这是因为今年是我们称之的“闰年”。表语从句中call缺少宾语，故用what。

　　答案：what　

　　2．解析：考查代词。本处代指the year，作介词in的宾语，故用人称代词的宾格形式it。

　　答案：it　

　　3．解析：考查副词。修饰动词应用副词legally。

　　答案：legally　

　　4．解析：考查非谓语动词。在英国有个有名的传统和二月二十九日有关。be associated with...“与……有联系，与……有关”。本处应用过去分词短语作后置定语。

　　答案：associated　

　　5．解析：考查序数词。in the fifth century“在五世纪”；定冠词the后加序数词。

　　答案：fifth　

　　6．解析：考查名词。不定冠词a后加名词。

　　答案：complaint　

　　7．解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。这项所谓的传统在13世纪被写入法律。tradition与write为动宾关系，且tradition为单数，此处描述的是过去的情况，故填was written。

　　答案：was written　

　　8．解析：考查介词。(大家)呼吁2月29日为公众假日。call在此为名词，call for...表示“对于……的呼吁”。

　　答案：for　

　　9．解析：考查形容词。“官方的节假日”，应用形容词作定语修饰名词。

　　答案：official　

　　10．解析：考查比较级。因为没有人会因为多干这一天获得更多的报酬。根据语境可知，本处应用比较级。

　　答案：more　

　　D

　　Do you ever stop and think about this big, beautiful world we live in? It's home

　　__1__

　　so many people and animals. We all live in this amazing place, so we all have the

　　__2__ (responsible) to take care of it, too.

　　A long time ago, I started thinking about what I could do to help take care of the planet. I wondered

　　__3__

　　I could use my talents for good. I love creating websites and making art and designing clothes. That's what

　　__4__

　　(inspire) me, at age 8, to start an online company. I donate part of my profits to organizations

　　__5__

　　(try)

　　their best to save

　　our environment. After I launched my business, I started getting

　　__6__ (invite) to give presentations to young people about my company and the environment. I also talk about something else that

　　__7__

　　(be) meaningful.

　　One thing I've learned is that a lot of people feel like

　　__8__ small contribution to any cause is just a drop in the bucket and won't make a difference. But that's not true!

　　__9__

　　(actual) when it comes to saving our environment,

　　every small action counts. The

　　__10__

　　(tiny) thing is better than the greatest intention.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【语篇解读】　保护环境，从我做起；拯救地球，从小做起。作者8岁时创立网络公司，把一部分利润捐给热衷环保的组织。最小的行动胜过最大的打算。你行动起来了吗？

　　1．解析：考查介词。be home to意为“……的栖息地”，为固定搭配。

　　答案：to　

　　2．解析：考查词性转换。我们都住在这个令人惊叹的地方，因此人人也都有责任照顾它。根据空前的“have the”可知此处应填一个名词，responsibility意为“责任，职责”。

　　答案：responsibility　

　　3．解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的从句作wondered的宾语，且根据句意可知，此处表示方式，故用how引导该从句，表示“我想知道我如何能把我的才能发挥好”。

　　答案：how　

　　4．解析：考查时态。空处的前一句和后一句都用的是一般现在时，但是根据空后的时间状语“at age 8”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。

　　答案：inspired　

　　5．解析：考查非谓语动词。我把收益的一部分捐给尽最大努力挽救我们的环境的组织。分析句子结构可知，organizations与try之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处应用现在分词形式作后置定语。

　　答案：trying　

　　6．解析：考查非谓语动词。创业后，我开始受邀给年轻人作关于我的公司和环境的讲座。此处是get done“被……”结构，故填过去分词。

　　答案：invited　

　　7．解析：考查主谓一致和时态。that引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，that指代的是something else，表示单数含义，故从句谓语动词用单数形式。此外，这里表示客观的情况，故应用一般现在时。综上可知本空填is。