5．Though she is young, she can set down a series of American cities ________ ________(例如) New York, Chicago, and Boston. 6．他的英语差。我们为什么不去帮他学英语呢？ His English is poor. ________ ________ ________ help him with his English? 7．他精通英语，这是因为他们非常努力地学英语并经常使用英语。 He has a good command of English. ________ ________ ________ he works hard at it and uses it frequently. 8．只有充分利用时间，我们才能够按时完成任务。 Only by ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ can we finish the task on time. 9．与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。 He is more ________ ________ ________。 10．我觉得自食其力很重要，因为世上没有免费午餐之类的好事儿。 I think it important to depend on yourself, because there is no ________ thing ________ a free lunch in the world.

　　答案：1.Believe it or not　2.came up with　3.because of 4．play a very important role in; at present　5.such as 6．Why don't we(＝Why not)　7.This is because　8.making good/full use of our time　9.lucky than clever　10.such; as 6．A lot of advice came up with at yesterday's meeting.__________________ 7．We'll have to stay at home because the bad weather.__________________ 8．More than one person have a good command of English in the research unit.__________________ 9．They began to think about that what use could be made of this chance.__________________ 10．This song is based an old folk song.__________________

　　答案：1.去掉such后的a　2.included→including　3.actual→actually　4.don't→didn't　5.use后加上of　6.去掉with　7.because后加上of　8.have→has　9.去掉that　10.based后加上on 答案： With the constant development of the society, English has played a more and more important part in our daily life. Therefore, the number of people learning English is increasing rapidly. However, it is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as fluently as a native English speaker. One reason is that English has a large vocabulary. It also has different usages in different English-speaking countries. At present，we actually have a very small number of fluent English speakers in our city. But the world trade is based on English. We are determined to make good use of every chance to learn English and I hope we will have a good command of English.

　　4．request v．& n. 请求；要求 归纳拓展 (1)request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 request that sb. (should) do sth. 要求/请求某人做……

　　request sth. 要求得到某物 (2)make a request for sth. 要求某物；需要某物 at sb.'s request(＝by the request of sb.) 应某人要求/请求

　　答案：①requested us to keep a diary　②no one (should) be allowed?、踨equesting personal information?、躠t the request of our parents

　　5．recognize vt. 辨认；识别；承认；公认 归纳拓展 (1)recognize sb./sth. 认出某人/识别出某物 recognize sb./sth. as/to be 承认/认定某人/某物是……

　　It is recognized that ... 人们公认……

　　(2)recognition n. 认识，识别；承认；常识 out of/beyond recognition 认不出来

　　(2)用所给词的适当形式填空。 Alexander tried to get his work ________(recognize) in the medical circles. 亚历山大试图让他的工作在医学界得到认可。 答案：(1)①recognize the strengths　②It is recognized that (2)recognized 1.because of 因为；由于 归纳拓展 because of＋n./pron./doing sth./what 从句 由于……原因(作状语或表语) 同义短语： as a result/consequence of 因为，由于(作状语) due to/owing to 由于(作表语或状语) on account of 因为(作状语) thanks to 多亏；由于(作状语)

　?、躎he water shortage is severe ________ ________ ________ (主要是由于) global warming, environmental pollution and the ever-increasing population. 答案：①because of the bad/terrible weather　②because of what he said　③Because of his wife's being there ④mainly because of/due to/owing to 2．come up 走近；上来；长出；发芽 归纳拓展 (1)(sth.) come up 长出；升起；上升；出现；(事情)被提及 (sb.) come up 走近；上来 come up with... 提出；想出；赶上 come across (偶然)遇见 come about 发生；产生 come out 出来；出版；发行；显现；结果是 come to 达到；苏醒；谈到 (2)How come...？(表示不理解)……怎么回事？ When it comes to sth...当涉及……时 [巧学助记]

　　温馨提示：come up在指“问题、建议或方案等被提出”时，为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物，无被动语态；come up with则意为“提出……”，为及物动词短语，主语通常为人，宾语则为表示建议、计划、方案等的名词。 (2)根据语境用come的相关短语完成下列小片段。 Yesterday when walking in the street, I ①________ Li Hua; he told me his experiment for the drug ②________ very successfully and his research paper would ③________. It was predicted that the number of people who can benefit from his research will ④________ 1,000,000 a year. 答案：(1)①come up with　②come about?、踓ame along?、躢ame up

　　(2)①came across?、赾ame along　③come out　④came to 3．make use of (＝take advantage of)利用；使用 归纳拓展 make full use of 充分利用 make good use of 好好利用 make better use of 充分利用 make the best (use) of 最好地利用 make the most of 充分利用 come into use 开始被使用 be of (great) use (很)有用 be in use 在使用中 put/bring ... to use 利用……；使用……

　　It is no use doing sth. 做某事没有用 温馨提示：(1)该短语中use前可以用good, full, little等来修饰。 (2)该短语除了直接考查其主、被动形式之外，还常结合定语从句对其进行考查，此时use被提至先行词的位置，然后由含make of的定语从句修饰。如： This is the best use we made of our spare time. 这是对我们业余时间最好的利用。 ③________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (村民们对水资源的充分利用) has brought them a large income. ④Paper money ________ ________ ________(被使用)in China when Marco Polo visited the country in the thirteenth century. ⑤You'll find this map ________ ________ ________(非常有用) in helping you to get round London. 答案：①making use of　②make good use of　③The full use that villagers have made of the water resources?、躻as in use/was being used?、輔f great use 1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。 本句中的even if＝even though“即使”，引导让步状语从句。 归纳拓展 as if/though好像，引导表语从句或方式状语从句，从句常用虚拟语气。 ③When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(好像折断了似的)． ④I won't go ________ ________ ________(即使邀请我)． 答案：①even if/though they have different opinions (their opinions are different)?、贓ven if/though it rains?、踑s if/though it were broken?、躤ven if/though (I am) invited

　　2．It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而我们今天所说的英语不是。 本句中的more ... than ...意为“比……更……”，指同一人或物不同方面的比较。 归纳拓展 more ... than ... 比……更……；与其说……倒不如说……

　　more than＋形容词 极其，非常 more than＋数词或句子 超过，不只 more than＋名词

　　不仅仅 no more than 仅仅；只不过 not more than不超过；不及 no more ... than 比……更不；非常不；两者都不 not more ... than 没有……那样；A不如B other than 除……之外 rather than 而不是

　　答案：①more sad than angry　②other than yourself?、踡ore than glad (happy)/very glad (happy)　④added up to no more than one year 3．Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。 句中“no such＋单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”，其中单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not such a/an＋单数名词”。 such与a/an连用时要放在a/an的前面；与all，no，some，any，few，little，many，much，several，one等词连用时，应位于它们的后面，如many such books。

　?、踎_______ ________ collection of coins were found in Britain. 这样的一堆硬币在英国被发现了。 答案：①no such　②no such thing as　③One such 基础知识巩固 Unit 2　English around the world 必修一 第一部分　基础知识聚焦 考点探究演练 2 基础知识巩固 3 课时规范训练 4 基础知识晨记 1 基础知识晨记 Ⅰ.单词速记 A．快速识记 1．__________n．词汇；词汇量 2．________n．& vt.请求；要求 3．________n．口音；腔调；重音 4．________adv.直接地；笔直地　adj.直的；笔直的；正直的 5．________vt.拼写；拼→________n．拼写；拼法 6．________vt.确定；识别→________n．身份；本身 7．________vt.表达；表示→___________n．表达；表示；词语 vocabulary request accent straight spell spelling identify identity express expression 8．________vt.征服；克服；战胜→________n．征服；克服 9．________adj.逐渐的；逐步的→________adv.渐渐地；逐步地 10．________adj.真实的；实际的→________adv.实际上；事实上 11．________n．& vt.命令；指令；掌握→_____________n．指挥官；司令官 12．________n．东方→________adj.东方的→________adj.南方的→________adj.西方的→________adj.北方的 conquer conquest gradual gradually actual actually command commander east eastern southern western northern 13．________vt.使富裕；充实；改善→___________n．丰富；改进；充实 14．________n．& vt.使用；运用；用途→________n．用法；词语用法 15．________adj.(两者中)后者的；较后的→(反义词)________adj.前者的；前任的 16．________adj.流利的；流畅的→________adv.流利地；通畅地→________n．流利；流畅 17．________adj.频繁的；时常发生的→__________adv.频繁地；时常地→________n．频率；频繁 enrich enrichment use usage latter former fluent fluently fluency frequent frequently frequency

　　18．________adj.本地的；本国的　n．本地人；本国人→(同义词)________adj.当地的；本地的 19．________vt.辨认出；承认；公认→___________n．识别；认出；承认→____________adj.可辨认的；可识别的 20．________vt.以……为根据 n．基地；基础→________n．基??；依据；根据→________adj.基本的；基础的→________adv.基本上；主要地 native local recognize recognition recognizable base basis basic basically B．归类巧记 1．“旅行”家族 ①voyage n． 航行；航海 ②tour n.

　　(观光)旅行 ③travel n.

　　旅行 ④journey n.

　　(长途)旅行 ⑤trip n.

　　(短途)旅行；外出 2．“请求；要求”单词一览 ①request n．& vt.

　　请求；要求 ②demand n．& vt.

　　要求；需要 ③require vt.

　　需要；要求 ④requirement n.

　　要求 3．以“-ial”为后缀的形容词集锦 ①official

　　官方的 ②beneficial

　　有益的 ③commercial

　　商业的 ④facial

　　表面的 ⑤initial

　　最初的 ⑥social

　　社会的 ⑦special

　　特别的

　　4．“前缀en-＋adj./n.”构成的动词全扫描 ①rich→enrich

　　使充实 ②able→enable

　　使能够 ③large→enlarge

　　使扩大 ④sure→ensure

　　确保；担保 ⑤danger→endanger

　　使……遭遇危险 ⑥title→entitle

　　给……起题目/命名 Ⅱ.高频短语 1．因为；由于 ________ 2．现在；目前 ________ 3．利用；使用 ________ 4．例如……；像这种的 ________ 5．扮演一个角色；参与 ________ 6．根据；以……为基础 ________ 7．后者 ________ 8．前者 ________ 9．在……(方面)流利的 ________ because of at (the) present make use of(＝take advantage of) such as play a part/role (in) be based on the latter the former be fluent in 10．直走；一直往前走 ________ 11．比以往任何时候 ________ 12．与……交流/沟通 ________ 13．不同于 ________ 14．许多 ________ 15．毫不犹豫地

　　________ 16．讲得通；有意义；言之有理 ________ go straight than ever before communicate with be different from a large number of

　　without a second thought(＝without hesitation) make sense 17．信不信由你

　　________ 18．被期待做某事；有望做某事

　　________ 19．被认为是……；被公认为……

　　________ 20．走近；上来；提出

　　________ believe it or not

　　be expected to do sth.

　　be recognized as(＝be known/accepted/identified as) 　 come up(表“提出主意/想法等”常用come up with) Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．Native English speakers can understand each other ________ ________ they don't speak the same kind of English. 以英语为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。 2．It was ________ ________ ________ German than the English we speak at present. 当时更多地是以德语为基础，而不是以我们今天所说的英语为基础。

　　3．________ ________ ________ ________， there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。 4．________ ________ ________ in the early days of radio, those ________ reported the news ________ ________ ________ speak excellent English. 这是因为在无线电发展初期，那些报道资讯的人被希望英语讲得更好。

　　5．However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences ________ ________ ________ they speak. 然而，在电视上或收音机上，人们讲的英语会有所不同。 答案：1.even if　2.based more on　3.Believe it or not　4.This is because; who; were expected to　5.in the way Ⅳ.语法过关 直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ) 把下列句子改成间接引语 1．The monitor said to me, “Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave.” The monitor ________ ________ ________ ________ forget to turn off the lights when I left. 2．The policeman said to the boys, “Don't play football in the street any more.” The policeman warned the boys ______ ________ ________ football in the street any more. 3．Mr Brown said to Mary, “Will you write Tom a letter in English or send him an e-mail？” Mr Brown asked Mary ________ ________ ________ write Tom a letter in English or send him an e-mail. 4．He asked, “Haven't you finish your English homework？” He asked ________ ________ ________ ________ my English homework or not.

　　5．“Don't go out alone at night.” Father said to Tom. Father told Tom ________ ________ ________ out alone at night. 答案：1.asked me not to　2.not to play　3.whether she would

　　4．whether I had finished　5.not to go Ⅴ.语篇填空 As we know, English is regarded as a global language, but the language doesn't stay the same. It has changed__1__ time. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate__2__ each other. At first the English spoken in England was __3__(base) more on German than the English spoken __4__ present. Then the new settlers who ruled England __5__ (rich) the English language and especially its vocabulary. In 1620，some British __6__(settle) moved to America and by the 19th century the language __7__(settle).

　　English now is also spoken __8__ a foreign or second language in South Asia. From 1765 to 1947, English became the language for government and education. Today __9__ number of people learning English in China is __10__(increase) rapidly.

　　答案：1.over　2.with　3.based　4.at　5.enriched　6.settlers 7．was settled　8.as　9.the　10.increasing 考点探究演练 1.base n. 底部；基础　vt. 以……为基础/根据 归纳拓展 base ... on/upon 把……建立在……上 be based on 以……为基??；基于/根据……

　　be based in 设在某地 economic/military/training base 经济基础/军事基地/训练基地 on the basis of 在……基础上；根据

　?、跴ractise under the guidance of some experienced writers and teachers who can help you with ________(base) writing skills. 要在有经验的并且能在基本写作技能方面帮助你的作家和老师的指导下练习。 (2)根据括号内汉语提示完成句子。 ①You'll be able to choose a room ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(根据个人的品位)． ②In 1849, Karl Marx went to English and made London ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(开展革命工作的基地)． 答案：(1)①based　②Basing　③basic (2)①based on your own personal tastes　②the base for revolutionary work 2．latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的the latter后者(的) the latter(后者的，其)的反义词为the former，两者常构成the former...，the latter...结构，意为“前者……，后者……”。 ②I was too ________ for the train.(不可用其他形式) 我赶火车太晚了(没赶上)。 ③I saw him again a few days ________ on. 数日后我又见到过他。 ④Have you seen him ________ (＝recently)? 你最近见过他吗？ ⑤The________ (＝last) news is favourite. 最新(最后)消息是最好的。 答案：①the former；the latter　②late?、踠ater?、躭ately?、輑atest 3．command n．[C]命令，指令；[U]掌握　vt.命令，指挥，支配 归纳拓展 (1)under one's command由……指挥 take command of控制 have (a) good command of掌握；精通(尤指语言) (2)command that...(should) do...命令…… command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事 ④The officer ________ his soldiers ________ fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火。 ⑤Simon ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ French. 西蒙精通法语。 答案：①took command of?、趗nder his command?、踫hould be set free?、躢ommanded；to?、輍as a good command of

　　5．Though she is young, she can set down a series of American cities ________ ________(例如) New York, Chicago, and Boston. 6．他的英语差。我们为什么不去帮他学英语呢？ His English is poor. ________ ________ ________ help him with his English? 7．他精通英语，这是因为他们非常努力地学英语并经常使用英语。 He has a good command of English. ________ ________ ________ he works hard at it and uses it frequently. 8．只有充分利用时间，我们才能够按时完成任务。 Only by ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ can we finish the task on time. 9．与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。 He is more ________ ________ ________。 10．我觉得自食其力很重要，因为世上没有免费午餐之类的好事儿。 I think it important to depend on yourself, because there is no ________ thing ________ a free lunch in the world.

　　答案：1.Believe it or not　2.came up with　3.because of 4．play a very important role in; at present　5.such as 6．Why don't we(＝Why not)　7.This is because　8.making good/full use of our time　9.lucky than clever　10.such; as 6．A lot of advice came up with at yesterday's meeting.__________________ 7．We'll have to stay at home because the bad weather.__________________ 8．More than one person have a good command of English in the research unit.__________________ 9．They began to think about that what use could be made of this chance.__________________ 10．This song is based an old folk song.__________________

　　答案：1.去掉such后的a　2.included→including　3.actual→actually　4.don't→didn't　5.use后加上of　6.去掉with　7.because后加上of　8.have→has　9.去掉that　10.based后加上on 答案： With the constant development of the society, English has played a more and more important part in our daily life. Therefore, the number of people learning English is increasing rapidly. However, it is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as fluently as a native English speaker. One reason is that English has a large vocabulary. It also has different usages in different English-speaking countries. At present，we actually have a very small number of fluent English speakers in our city. But the world trade is based on English. We are determined to make good use of every chance to learn English and I hope we will have a good command of English.

　　4．request v．& n. 请求；要求 归纳拓展 (1)request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 request that sb. (should) do sth. 要求/请求某人做……

　　request sth. 要求得到某物 (2)make a request for sth. 要求某物；需要某物 at sb.'s request(＝by the request of sb.) 应某人要求/请求

　　答案：①requested us to keep a diary?、趎o one (should) be allowed?、踨equesting personal information?、躠t the request of our parents

　　5．recognize vt. 辨认；识别；承认；公认 归纳拓展 (1)recognize sb./sth. 认出某人/识别出某物 recognize sb./sth. as/to be 承认/认定某人/某物是……

　　It is recognized that ... 人们公认……

　　(2)recognition n. 认识，识别；承认；常识 out of/beyond recognition 认不出来

　　(2)用所给词的适当形式填空。 Alexander tried to get his work ________(recognize) in the medical circles. 亚历山大试图让他的工作在医学界得到认可。 答案：(1)①recognize the strengths?、贗t is recognized that (2)recognized 1.because of 因为；由于 归纳拓展 because of＋n./pron./doing sth./what 从句 由于……原因(作状语或表语) 同义短语： as a result/consequence of 因为，由于(作状语) due to/owing to 由于(作表语或状语) on account of 因为(作状语) thanks to 多亏；由于(作状语)

　?、躎he water shortage is severe ________ ________ ________ (主要是由于) global warming, environmental pollution and the ever-increasing population. 答案：①because of the bad/terrible weather　②because of what he said　③Because of his wife's being there ④mainly because of/due to/owing to 2．come up 走近；上来；长出；发芽 归纳拓展 (1)(sth.) come up 长出；升起；上升；出现；(事情)被提及 (sb.) come up 走近；上来 come up with... 提出；想出；赶上 come across (偶然)遇见 come about 发生；产生 come out 出来；出版；发行；显现；结果是 come to 达到；苏醒；谈到 (2)How come...？(表示不理解)……怎么回事？ When it comes to sth...当涉及……时 [巧学助记]

　　温馨提示：come up在指“问题、建议或方案等被提出”时，为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物，无被动语态；come up with则意为“提出……”，为及物动词短语，主语通常为人，宾语则为表示建议、计划、方案等的名词。 (2)根据语境用come的相关短语完成下列小片段。 Yesterday when walking in the street, I ①________ Li Hua; he told me his experiment for the drug ②________ very successfully and his research paper would ③________. It was predicted that the number of people who can benefit from his research will ④________ 1,000,000 a year. 答案：(1)①come up with?、赾ome about?、踓ame along?、躢ame up

　　(2)①came across?、赾ame along?、踓ome out　④came to 3．make use of (＝take advantage of)利用；使用 归纳拓展 make full use of 充分利用 make good use of 好好利用 make better use of 充分利用 make the best (use) of 最好地利用 make the most of 充分利用 come into use 开始被使用 be of (great) use (很)有用 be in use 在使用中 put/bring ... to use 利用……；使用……

　　It is no use doing sth. 做某事没有用 温馨提示：(1)该短语中use前可以用good, full, little等来修饰。 (2)该短语除了直接考查其主、被动形式之外，还常结合定语从句对其进行考查，此时use被提至先行词的位置，然后由含make of的定语从句修饰。如： This is the best use we made of our spare time. 这是对我们业余时间最好的利用。 ③________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (村民们对水资源的充分利用) has brought them a large income. ④Paper money ________ ________ ________(被使用)in China when Marco Polo visited the country in the thirteenth century. ⑤You'll find this map ________ ________ ________(非常有用) in helping you to get round London. 答案：①making use of?、趍ake good use of　③The full use that villagers have made of the water resources　④was in use/was being used　⑤of great use 1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。 本句中的even if＝even though“即使”，引导让步状语从句。 归纳拓展 as if/though好像，引导表语从句或方式状语从句，从句常用虚拟语气。 ③When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(好像折断了似的)． ④I won't go ________ ________ ________(即使邀请我)． 答案：①even if/though they have different opinions (their opinions are different)?、贓ven if/though it rains　③as if/though it were broken?、躤ven if/though (I am) invited

　　2．It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而我们今天所说的英语不是。 本句中的more ... than ...意为“比……更……”，指同一人或物不同方面的比较。 归纳拓展 more ... than ... 比……更……；与其说……倒不如说……

　　more than＋形容词 极其，非常 more than＋数词或句子 超过，不只 more than＋名词

　　不仅仅 no more than 仅仅；只不过 not more than不超过；不及 no more ... than 比……更不；非常不；两者都不 not more ... than 没有……那样；A不如B other than 除……之外 rather than 而不是

　　答案：①more sad than angry?、趏ther than yourself　③more than glad (happy)/very glad (happy)?、躠dded up to no more than one year 3．Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。 句中“no such＋单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”，其中单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not such a/an＋单数名词”。 such与a/an连用时要放在a/an的前面；与all，no，some，any，few，little，many，much，several，one等词连用时，应位于它们的后面，如many such books。

　?、踎_______ ________ collection of coins were found in Britain. 这样的一堆硬币在英国被发现了。 答案：①no such　②no such thing as　③One such 基础知识巩固 Unit 2　English around the world 必修一 第一部分　基础知识聚焦 考点探究演练 2 基础知识巩固 3 课时规范训练 4 基础知识晨记 1 基础知识晨记 Ⅰ.单词速记 A．快速识记 1．__________n．词汇；词汇量 2．________n．& vt.请求；要求 3．________n．口音；腔调；重音 4．________adv.直接地；笔直地　adj.直的；笔直的；正直的 5．________vt.拼写；拼→________n．拼写；拼法 6．________vt.确定；识别→________n．身份；本身 7．________vt.表达；表示→___________n．表达；表示；词语 vocabulary request accent straight spell spelling identify identity express expression 8．________vt.征服；克服；战胜→________n．征服；克服 9．________adj.逐渐的；逐步的→________adv.渐渐地；逐步地 10．________adj.真实的；实际的→________adv.实际上；事实上 11．________n．& vt.命令；指令；掌握→_____________n．指挥官；司令官 12．________n．东方→________adj.东方的→________adj.南方的→________adj.西方的→________adj.北方的 conquer conquest gradual gradually actual actually command commander east eastern southern western northern 13．________vt.使富裕；充实；改善→___________n．丰富；改进；充实 14．________n．& vt.使用；运用；用途→________n．用法；词语用法 15．________adj.(两者中)后者的；较后的→(反义词)________adj.前者的；前任的 16．________adj.流利的；流畅的→________adv.流利地；通畅地→________n．流利；流畅 17．________adj.频繁的；时常发生的→__________adv.频繁地；时常地→________n．频率；频繁 enrich enrichment use usage latter former fluent fluently fluency frequent frequently frequency

　　18．________adj.本地的；本国的　n．本地人；本国人→(同义词)________adj.当地的；本地的 19．________vt.辨认出；承认；公认→___________n．识别；认出；承认→____________adj.可辨认的；可识别的 20．________vt.以……为根据 n．基地；基础→________n．基??；依据；根据→________adj.基本的；基础的→________adv.基本上；主要地 native local recognize recognition recognizable base basis basic basically B．归类巧记 1．“旅行”家族 ①voyage n． 航行；航海 ②tour n.

　　(观光)旅行 ③travel n.

　　旅行 ④journey n.

　　(长途)旅行 ⑤trip n.

　　(短途)旅行；外出 2．“请求；要求”单词一览 ①request n．& vt.

　　请求；要求 ②demand n．& vt.

　　要求；需要 ③require vt.

　　需要；要求 ④requirement n.

　　要求 3．以“-ial”为后缀的形容词集锦 ①official

　　官方的 ②beneficial

　　有益的 ③commercial

　　商业的 ④facial

　　表面的 ⑤initial

　　最初的 ⑥social

　　社会的 ⑦special

　　特别的

　　4．“前缀en-＋adj./n.”构成的动词全扫描 ①rich→enrich

　　使充实 ②able→enable

　　使能够 ③large→enlarge

　　使扩大 ④sure→ensure

　　确保；担保 ⑤danger→endanger

　　使……遭遇危险 ⑥title→entitle

　　给……起题目/命名 Ⅱ.高频短语 1．因为；由于 ________ 2．现在；目前 ________ 3．利用；使用 ________ 4．例如……；像这种的 ________ 5．扮演一个角色；参与 ________ 6．根据；以……为基础 ________ 7．后者 ________ 8．前者 ________ 9．在……(方面)流利的 ________ because of at (the) present make use of(＝take advantage of) such as play a part/role (in) be based on the latter the former be fluent in 10．直走；一直往前走 ________ 11．比以往任何时候 ________ 12．与……交流/沟通 ________ 13．不同于 ________ 14．许多 ________ 15．毫不犹豫地

　　________ 16．讲得通；有意义；言之有理 ________ go straight than ever before communicate with be different from a large number of

　　without a second thought(＝without hesitation) make sense 17．信不信由你

　　________ 18．被期待做某事；有望做某事

　　________ 19．被认为是……；被公认为……

　　________ 20．走近；上来；提出

　　________ believe it or not

　　be expected to do sth.

　　be recognized as(＝be known/accepted/identified as) 　 come up(表“提出主意/想法等”常用come up with) Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．Native English speakers can understand each other ________ ________ they don't speak the same kind of English. 以英语为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。 2．It was ________ ________ ________ German than the English we speak at present. 当时更多地是以德语为基础，而不是以我们今天所说的英语为基础。

　　3．________ ________ ________ ________， there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。 4．________ ________ ________ in the early days of radio, those ________ reported the news ________ ________ ________ speak excellent English. 这是因为在无线电发展初期，那些报道资讯的人被希望英语讲得更好。

　　5．However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences ________ ________ ________ they speak. 然而，在电视上或收音机上，人们讲的英语会有所不同。 答案：1.even if　2.based more on　3.Believe it or not　4.This is because; who; were expected to　5.in the way Ⅳ.语法过关 直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ) 把下列句子改成间接引语 1．The monitor said to me, “Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave.” The monitor ________ ________ ________ ________ forget to turn off the lights when I left. 2．The policeman said to the boys, “Don't play football in the street any more.” The policeman warned the boys ______ ________ ________ football in the street any more. 3．Mr Brown said to Mary, “Will you write Tom a letter in English or send him an e-mail？” Mr Brown asked Mary ________ ________ ________ write Tom a letter in English or send him an e-mail. 4．He asked, “Haven't you finish your English homework？” He asked ________ ________ ________ ________ my English homework or not.

　　5．“Don't go out alone at night.” Father said to Tom. Father told Tom ________ ________ ________ out alone at night. 答案：1.asked me not to　2.not to play　3.whether she would

　　4．whether I had finished　5.not to go Ⅴ.语篇填空 As we know, English is regarded as a global language, but the language doesn't stay the same. It has changed__1__ time. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate__2__ each other. At first the English spoken in England was __3__(base) more on German than the English spoken __4__ present. Then the new settlers who ruled England __5__ (rich) the English language and especially its vocabulary. In 1620，some British __6__(settle) moved to America and by the 19th century the language __7__(settle).

　　English now is also spoken __8__ a foreign or second language in South Asia. From 1765 to 1947, English became the language for government and education. Today __9__ number of people learning English in China is __10__(increase) rapidly.

　　答案：1.over　2.with　3.based　4.at　5.enriched　6.settlers 7．was settled　8.as　9.the　10.increasing 考点探究演练 1.base n. 底部；基础　vt. 以……为基础/根据 归纳拓展 base ... on/upon 把……建立在……上 be based on 以……为基??；基于/根据……

　　be based in 设在某地 economic/military/training base 经济基础/军事基地/训练基地 on the basis of 在……基础上；根据

　?、跴ractise under the guidance of some experienced writers and teachers who can help you with ________(base) writing skills. 要在有经验的并且能在基本写作技能方面帮助你的作家和老师的指导下练习。 (2)根据括号内汉语提示完成句子。 ①You'll be able to choose a room ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(根据个人的品位)． ②In 1849, Karl Marx went to English and made London ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(开展革命工作的基地)． 答案：(1)①based　②Basing?、踒asic (2)①based on your own personal tastes?、趖he base for revolutionary work 2．latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的the latter后者(的) the latter(后者的，其)的反义词为the former，两者常构成the former...，the latter...结构，意为“前者……，后者……”。 ②I was too ________ for the train.(不可用其他形式) 我赶火车太晚了(没赶上)。 ③I saw him again a few days ________ on. 数日后我又见到过他。 ④Have you seen him ________ (＝recently)? 你最近见过他吗？ ⑤The________ (＝last) news is favourite. 最新(最后)消息是最好的。 答案：①the former；the latter?、趌ate　③later?、躭ately　⑤latest 3．command n．[C]命令，指令；[U]掌握　vt.命令，指挥，支配 归纳拓展 (1)under one's command由……指挥 take command of控制 have (a) good command of掌握；精通(尤指语言) (2)command that...(should) do...命令…… command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事 ④The officer ________ his soldiers ________ fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火。 ⑤Simon ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ French. 西蒙精通法语。 答案：①took command of?、趗nder his command　③should be set free　④commanded；to?、輍as a good command of