教师用书

　　Module 1　Small Talk

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.lack v．& n． 缺乏，缺少

　　2.advance adj.

　　预先的，在前的

　　3.outspoken_adj.

　　直言不讳的，坦率的，

　　不客气的

　　4.reply n．& v.

　　回答，答复，回信

　　5.circumstance n.

　　情形，情况

　　6.anyhow_adv.

　　不管怎么说，无论如何

　　7.purpose n.

　　目的

　　8.favour n.

　　恩惠，照顾

　　9.cautious adj.

　　谨慎的，慎重的，小心的

　　10.confidently adv.自信地→confident adj.自信的→confidence n．信心

　　11.impolite adj.不礼貌的→impolitely adv.不礼貌地→polite adj.礼貌的

　　12.absence n．缺乏，不存在→absent adj.缺席的，不在场的；缺少的，缺乏的

　　13.apology n．道歉，致歉→apologise v．道歉

　　14.interrupt v．打断→interruption n．打扰，打断

　　15.successful adj.成功的→success n．成功→succeed vi.成功vt.继承，接替

　　16.imagine vt.想象→imaginary adj.想象中的，假想的，虚构的→imaginative adj.富有想象力的→imagination n．想象，设想 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.In the speech, the spokesman required that the Japanese government should make an apology to us. If they dont apologise，we should take measures to solve the issue of the Diaoyu Islands.(apology)

　　2.Tom used to be confident about his future. He once said confidently that he would go to a key college. But his confidence was almost shaken by the failure in the final examination.(confident)

　　3.Smith is a writer with great imagination. He has written several imaginary novels. We all_imagine him as a talented writer.(imagine)

　　4. He_succeeded his father as manager of the company. Soon their business became very successful. Lots of people wanted to know the secret of his success.(success)

　　5. It's impolite for you to speak to your parents impolitely in public. On the contrary, it's polite to talk to them gently.(polite) 1.后缀-ence名词集锦

　　①coincidence巧合

　　②reference

　　参考；查阅

　　③conscience

　　道德心，良心

　　④consequence

　　结果

　　⑤convenience

　　便利

　　⑥confidence

　　信心

　　2.前缀im-形容词大团圆

　　①impolite

　　不礼貌的

　　②impossible

　　不可能的

　　③impatient

　　不耐烦的

　　④immoral

　　不道德的

　　⑤imperfect

　　不完美的

　　3.-ious结尾形容词荟萃

　　①cautious

　　谨慎的

　　②curious

　　好奇的

　　③obvious

　　明显的

　　④spacious

　　宽敞的

　　⑤various

　　多种多样的

　　4.由absence想到的

　　①abstract adj.

　　抽象的

　　②abnormal adj.

　　不正常的

　　③absorb v.

　　吸收

　　④abandon v.

　　放弃

　　⑤abundant adj.

　　丰富的

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.(be)_nervous_about 对……神经紧张/害怕/胆怯/焦虑不安

　　2.show_off

　　炫耀

　　3.find_out

　　了解(到)；找出(信息)

　　4.in_addition

　　除此之外，另外

　　5.as_a_consequence

　　因此，结果

　　6.cheer_(sb.)_up

　　(使某人)高兴/振作

　　起来

　　7.leave_out

　　省去，删去

　　8.(be)_aware_of

　　知道；意识到

　　9.look_away_from

　　把目光从……移开

　　10.think_of

　　想起，回忆起

　　11.on_purpose

　　故意

　　12.take_the_lead

　　带头，领先 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.He cheered_up at once when his father promised to buy him a cellphone.

　　2.Tom was trying to show_off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his color pencils.

　　3.It rained yesterday and as_a_consequence the match was canceled.

　　4.Don't look anybody directly in the eye but don't look_away_from them either.

　　5.Tell him the secret now, because sooner or later he will find it out.

　　6.Dr. Bake is a professor of physics. In_addition,_he is also a famous writer. 1.“v.＋off”短语集释

　　①show off炫耀

　　cool off

　　冷却，(使)冷静下来

　　back off

　　放弃，后退

　　break off

　　中止，中断

　　call off

　　取消

　　clear off

　　消除；溜掉

　　2.“原因、结果”短语串烧

　　as a consequence (of)

　　由于……的结果

　　as a result (of)

　　作为……的结果

　　result in/from

　　导致/起因于

　　lead to

　　导致

　　on account of

　　由于

　　because of

　　因为

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.Her motto was “Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.” 她的“座右铭”是“每当我张口，就会讲错话” 。 every time此处为连词，引导时间状语从句。 他每次上学迟到总是有很多理由。He always gives many reasons every_time_he_is_late_for_class.

　　2.It is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.

　　据估计80%的英语会话是闲聊。it作形式主语，真正主语为后面 that 引导的从句。 据报道，在这次事故中没有乘客受伤。It_is_reported_that no passengers were injured in the accident.

　　3.Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours！和一个人谈论他自己，他会和你说上几个小时。本句属于“祈使句＋and＋简单句”句型。 不要丧失信心，那么你就会在该项目上取得较快进展。Never_lose_heart_and you'll make a quick advance in the project.

　　1．lack v．& n．缺乏，缺少

　　[高考佳句]　They lack physical exercise and the skill to communicate face to face with their friends or parents.(2024·重庆高考写作)

　　他们缺乏体育锻炼以及和父母、朋友面对面交流的能力。

　　(1)lack sth.　缺乏/少某物

　　(2)(a) lack of ...

　　缺乏/少……

　　for lack of

　　因缺乏……

　　(3)lacking adj.

　　缺少的，不足的

　　be lacking in

　　缺少(品质、特点等)；在……方面缺乏

　　Though lacking (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university.

　　尽管缺钱，但他的父母还是设法供他上了大学。

　　A new study shows older men who suffer from a_lack_of deep sleep are nearly twice as likely to develop high blood pressure.

　　一项新的研究表明，缺少深度睡眠的老人有近两倍的几率会患高血压。

　　For_lack_of confidence, she is lacking_in skills of communicating.

　　因缺少自信，她在交流技巧方面缺乏。

　　[名师指津]　lack既可以作动词也可作名词。作及物动词时，后面直接接宾语，作不及物动词时常接介词for；作名词时，后面常用介词of。

　　2．absence n．缺乏，不存在

　　[教材原句]　Esther Greenbaum's major shortcoming was that she had a complete absence of small talk.

　　埃斯特·戈林鲍姆的主要缺点是她根本不会聊天。

　　(1)absence from　缺席……

　　absence of mind

　　心不在焉，精神恍惚

　　in the absence of

　　由于缺乏；(物)不存在；缺少/席

　　during/in one's absence ＝ during/in the absence of sb.

　　在某人不在/缺席的时候

　　(2)absent adj.

　　缺席的，不在的(后置定语)

　　be absent from ...

　　未出席……，缺席……(be present at 出席)

　　absent-minded ＝ absence of mind心不在焉的

　　However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.

　　然而，在缺乏母语环境的情况下学习作为外语的英语相当困难。

　　I will go on a business trip tomorrow; Mark will be in charge of the company in_my_absence.

　　明天我要去出差；我不在时马克管理公司。

　　He was_absent_from the conference yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.

　　昨天因为他的心脏病突发，他没有参加会议。

　　3．apology n．道歉，致歉

　　[高考佳句]　I'm writing this letter to express my apology to you for not writing you back in time.

　　(2024·山东高考写作)

　　我写信为没有及时给你回信表示道歉。

　　(1)make an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.

　　因(做)某事而向某人道歉

　　accept/refuse one's apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉

　　owe sb. an apology

　　应向某人道歉

　　(2)apologise v.

　　道歉

　　apologise to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而向某人道歉

　　I think you should apologise to your brother for being so rude to him.

　　＝I think you should make_an_apology to your brother for being so rude to him.

　　你对你弟弟那么粗鲁，我认为你应该为此向他道歉。

　　Please accept_our_apology for the inconvenience this matter has given you.

　　对此事给您带来的不便，请接受我们的歉意。

　　4．imagine v．想象，设想

　　[高考佳句]　I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.(2024·全国卷满分作文)

　　我经常想象将来我的生活会是什么样子。

　　(1)imagine (sb.) doing sth.　想象(某人)做某事

　　imagine＋从句

　　想象……

　　imagine sb./sth. as/to be

　　把某人/物想象成……；

　　认为某人/物是……

　　(2)imagination n.

　　想象力；创造力

　　beyond imagination

　　超乎想象，出乎意料

　　①She imagined walking (walk) into the office and telling everyone what she thought of them.

　　她想象自己走进办公室，对每个人都说出自己对他们的看法。

　　②I never knew my grandmother, but I always imagine her as/to_be a kind and gentle person.

　　我从未见过我的祖母，但我总把她想象成一个善良温和的人。

　　③Sometimes, imagination (imagine) is more important than knowledge during our studies.

　　有时候，在学习过程中想象力比知识更重要。

　　[名师指津]　imagine后接v.-ing形式，不接不定式作宾语，有时可加上v.-ing形式动作的发出者(常用代词宾格或形容词性物主代词构成动名词的复合结构)。

　　.基础点全练(单句语法填空)

　　1．The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof.

　　2．Don't wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to_apologise (apologise).

　　3．I appreciate being given the opportunity to_work (work) in your company two years ago.

　　4. I'm cautious about what I say because careless remarks are likely to hurt others' feelings.

　　5．As a teacher, it's important that the kids take you seriously(serious)．

　　6．I'd appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.

　　7．If you joke with him, he'll think you're looking down on him on purpose.

　　8．Under the circumstances (circumstance), it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.

　　.重难点多练

　　1．lack面面观

　　(1)介词填空

　　①He said the trip to the seaside was cancelled for lack of interest.

　　②I find it quite boring to chat with those who are lacking in humor.

　　③Visitors are not permitted to enter the park after dark because of a lack of lighting.

　　(2)句型转换

　　④Despite his lack of experience, he got the job.

　　→Though/Although he lacked experience, he got the job.

　　→Though/Although lacking in experience, he got the job.

　　2．imagine万花筒

　　(1)用imagine的适当形式填空

　　①A good writer needs to be imaginative in writing. So sometimes what a writer has in mind is beyond imagination.②Although the main characters in the novel are so true to life, they are imaginary.

　　③So fast is the city developing that you can never imagine what it will be like tomorrow.

　　(2)句型转换

　　④Don't imagine you are always correct.

　　→Don't imagine yourself to be always correct.

　　⑤I didn't imagine it would be so difficult.

　　→It was so difficult that it was beyond my imagination.

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　根据语境选出advance的词性和词义

　　(A)n.前进，进展，进步(B)n.上升，上涨，提升

　　(C)vt.提前

　　(D)vi.发展，进步

　　(E)adj.预先的，在前的

　　1．Science has made great advances during the last twenty years.__A__

　　2．There has been a further big advance in the price of gold recently.__B__

　　3．The time of the meeting has been advanced to ten o'clock.__C__

　　4．To our delight, our understanding of human genetics has advanced greatly.__D__

　　5．We received no advance warning of the storm.__E__

　　1．leave out省去，删去；漏掉；忽视；忽略；不考虑

　　[教材原句]　Notice how certain words are left out in informal conversation.

　　注意在非正式谈话中某些单词是怎样被省略的。

　　[一词多义]　写出下列句中leave out的含义

　　①You can leave out the parts of the story that are not interesting.省去，删去

　　②No wonder you couldn't get through. You've left out a zero in this phone number.漏掉

　　③All the others seemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.忽视

　　④We left out the possibility of his coming to the party.不考虑