话题词汇

　　1.absorb v.吸引；使全神贯注

　　2.accumulate v.积累；积聚

　　3.consult v.咨询；商量

　　4.correction n.改正

　　5.dictation n.听写

　　6.fluent adj.流利的；流畅的

　　7.grasp v.抓??；掌握

　　8.bear sth.in mind记住(某事)

　　9.enlarge one’s vocabulary 扩大词汇量

　　10.have difficulty/trouble in doing sth.在某事方面有困难

　　经典语篇 (2024·四川)

　　假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon在网上发帖，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。

　　1.表达给她提供帮助的意愿；

　　2.说明你能胜任辅导的理由；

　　3.给出讲好普通话的两点建议；

　　4.提出你学习英语的具体需求。

　　注意：

　　1.词数120左右，开头语已为你写好；

　　2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3.文中不得透漏个人姓名和学校名称。

　　Hi，Sharon，

　　This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.

　　Li Xia

　　佳作欣赏

　　Hi，Sharon，

　　This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.I am quite interested in it.I think I’m fit for it.As a student，I have been learning Mandarin for many years.In addition，I am Chinese，which means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life.① So I’m quite confident that I can help you learn Mandarin.

　　Learning Mandarin takes time②， so if you want to learn it well，you should spend much time practicing Mandarin every day.As the saying goes，practice makes perfect.Besides，you can also read some books in Chinese，see some Chinese films and listen to some Chinese radio programmes.Speaking and listening are very important for language learning，by which you are sure to make great progress.③

　　In your post，you say you can teach English as a reward.It is just what I want.I’m eager to improve my English.So，if you allow me to help you learn Mandarin，you can also help me improve my English.We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese，so that we can improve our oral speaking.④

　　Hope for your early reply!

　　Li Xia

　　思维发散

　　1.将第①句改为并列句

　　In addition，I am Chinese，and this means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life.

　　2.仿照第②句用“动名词短语作主语”完成句子

　　挑选衣服真的是一件难事，因为你喜欢的衣服并不总是适合你。

　　Choosing clothes is really a difficult job，because the clothes you like are not always suitable for you.

　　3.仿照第③句用“介词＋关系代词”翻译句子

　　他写了许多儿童读物，几乎有一半是在二十世纪九十年代出版的。(2024·重庆)

　　He wrote many children’s books，nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.

　　4.将第④句改为简单句

　　We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese so as to/in order to improve our oral speaking.

　?、?重点单词

　　A.写作单词

　　1.deed (n.)行为，行动

　　2.eyesight (n.)视力

　　3.aside (adv.)除……之外

　　4.defeat (vt.)击败，战胜

　　5.appearance

　　(n.)外观，外貌

　　6.nowadays

　　(adv.)现在，如今

　　7.thus

　　(adv.)以此方式，如此；因此，从而

　　8.official

　　(adj.)官方的，正式的

　　9.character

　　(n.)(书写或印刷)文字，符号；人物；性格

　　10.replace

　　(vt.)替换，代替，取代

　　replacement

　　(n.)代替，更换

　　11.practical

　　(adj.)切实可行的，实用的

　　practise

　　(v.)练习，实践

　　12.indicate (vt.)显示，表示；象征，暗示

　　indication

　　(n.)显示；表明

　　13.combine

　　(vt.& vi.)组合；(使)联合

　　combination

　　(n.)联合；结合

　　14.pure

　　(adj.)纯的，纯净的

　　purify

　　(vt.)净化

　　purity

　　(n.)纯洁，纯净

　　15.mistaken

　　(adj.)错误的；误解的

　　mistake

　　(n.)错误；(vt.)弄错；误解

　　16.interrupt

　　(vi.& vt.)插嘴，打断，暂停

　　interruption (n.)打断，中断

　　17.conclusion (n.)结论；推论

　　conclude

　　(vi.& vt.)(使)结束；下结论；推断

　　18.differ

　　(vi.)相异，有区别

　　different

　　(adj.)不同的

　　difference (n.)不同(之处)

　　19.custom (n.)风俗，习俗

　　customer (n.)顾客；消费者

　　customs (n.)海关；关税

　　20.mixture (n.)混合，混合体

　　mix (v.)混合；调配

　　mixed (adj.)混合的，混杂的

　　B.阅读单词

　　21.unique (adj.)独特的

　　22.process (n.)过程；进程

　　23.accent (n.)口音，腔调；着重点

　　24.distinguish (vt.)区分，辨别；使具有某种特征

　　25.occupy (vt.)占领；占用(时间、空间等)

　　occupation (n.)占领；占用；工作，职业

　　26.distinction (n.)区别，差别；优秀；辨别

　　distinct (adj.)不同的；清晰的；明显的

　　27.press (vt.)(被)压，挤，推，施加压力；(n.)报刊；资讯界；出版社

　　pressure (n.)压力；挤压

　　28.convenient (adj.)方便的，便利的

　　convenience (n.)方便，便利；便利的设施或用具

　　inconvenient (adj.)不方便的

　　29.represent (vt.)代表；展示，描绘

　　representative (n.)代表

　?、?重点短语

　　1.lead to导致

　　2.stand for代表，象征

　　3.aside from 除……之外

　　4.name after以……命名

　　5.consist of/be made up of由……组成(构成)

　　6.as a whole作为整体，总体上

　　7.differ from和……不同，不同于

　　8.take control of控制，取得对……的控制

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1.That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.

　　那是英语有这么多难的令人困惑不解的规则的原因。

　　2.After the Norman Conquest，high-class people spoke French while common people spoke English.

　　诺曼征服之后，上层阶级的人说法语，而普通人说英语。

　　3.The question of whether English will keep on changing in the future is easy to answer.

　　将来英语是否会继续改变这一问题是很容易回答的。

　　4....but the question is what I should do if I cannot guess the meanings.

　　……但问题是要是我依然不理解我将怎么做。

　　5.Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects.

　　并不是所有的汉字都是从物体的图画演变而来。

　　6.While the students found the soldier’s idea interesting，the system was too difficult to be of practical use.

　　虽然学生们觉得士兵的想法有趣，但这一方法太过复杂，并不实用。

　　1

　　[应试指导]　be occupied (in) doing sth.

　　?1?occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于做某事

　　be occupied ?in? doing sth.忙于做某事

　　be occupied with sth.从事?忙于?做某事

　　?2?occupation n.工作；职业；占据；消遣

　　(1)I saw three camp beds，two of which were occupied.

　　我看见了3张折叠床，其中两张已有人占了。

　　(2)Having retired from business，he now occupies himself with the welfare of the disabled.

　　从公司退休之后，他现在忙于残疾人的福利。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用occupy的适当形式填空

　　①I have been occupied in reading history books.

　?、贗 suppose I was looking for an occupation which was going to be an adventure.

　　(2)一句多译

　　他忙于翻译一本英语小说。

　　①He was occupied in translating an English novel.(be occupied in)

　　②He occupied himself in translating an English novel.(occupy oneself in)

　?、跦e was occupied with the translation of an English novel.(be occupied with)

　　(3)

　　herself with routine office tasks，she had no time to look after her children.

　　A.Occupying

　　B.Occupied

　　C.Being occupied

　　D.To be occupied

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：由于忙碌于日常办公任务，她没有时间照顾孩子。本题中occupying herself with...是动词-ing短语作原因状语。

　　2

　　[应试指导]　consist of不用于被动语态和进行时态

　　[多词一义]　consist of，be composed of，be made up of

　　?1?consist of?＝be made up of＝be composed of?由……组成

　　consist with与……一致

　　consist in?＝lie in?在于……；存在于……

　　?2?consistent adj.一致的；一贯的；连续的

　　be consistent with与……一致的；符合的

　　(1)Unlike most of the Netherlands，Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand.(2024·湖北)

　　不像荷兰大部分地方，希尔弗瑟姆实际处于多山地区，土壤多由沙子组成。

　　(2)Good service consists in punctuality and dependability.

　　良好的服务在于守时与可靠。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用适当的介词填空

　?、賂he true wealth does not consist in what we have，but in what we are.

　　②What he has said doesn’t consist with what he has done.

　?、跿he atmosphere consists of more than 70% of nitrogen.

　　④New goals are not always consistent with the existing policies.

　　(2)同义词语替换

　　This club consists of eight members.is made up of/is composed of

　　(3)Coal

　　mostly

　　carbon is the main energy today.

　　A.consist；of

　　B.consisting；of

　　C.consists；of

　　D.consisted；of

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查非谓语动词。句中的consist of作后置定语，consist没有被动。故答案为B。

　　3

　　[多词一义]　contribute to，result in，be responsible for，bring about，lead to

　　?1?make a contribution/contributions to对……作出贡献

　　?2?contribute vt.捐助；投稿；vi.投稿；贡献

　　contribute...to...把……贡献给……；向……投稿

　　contribute to有助于；导致；把时间投入到……

　　(1)Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital building fund?

　　你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？

　　(2)The volunteers contribute their own time to the project.

　　志愿者把自己的时间花在了这个计划上。

　　(3)Some riders of e-bikes and bicycles come and go in all directions, ignoring traffic lights and other vehicles.Such rude riding contributes to the disorder of traffic.(2024·江苏)

　　一些电瓶车和自行车向各个方向横冲直撞，完全无视交通灯和其他车辆。这种粗鲁的骑车方式导致了交通混乱。

　　[图解助记]

　　多维训练

　　(1)用适当的介词或所给词的适当形式填空

　?、賂he editor said he had no time to look through the essays contributed(contribute) recently.

　　②Thanks for the contributions you have made(make) in the past ten years.

　?、跾he contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　Various factors contributed to his downfall.

　　Various factors resulted in/led to/was responsible for/caused his downfall.

　　(3)Our appetite for new products also

　　to the problem.We are addicted to buying new things.

　　A.adapts

　　B.returns

　　C.responds

　　D.contributes

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查固定短语搭配。句意为：我们的新产品需求也导致一些问题。我们对购买新东西上瘾。adapt to适应，改编；return to返回，回复；respond to对……做出反应；contribute to有助于，导致。由句意知选D。

　　(4)President Xi Jinping presents commemorative medals to veterans (老兵) for their

　　China’s victory against Japanese aggression.

　　A.authority over

　　B.prescription with

　　C.attendance at

　　D.contribution to

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查名词短语辨析。句意为：因为他们对中国抗日战争胜利的贡献，国家主席习近平向老兵们颁发了纪念章。authority over对……的控制；prescription with……的处方；attendance at在……的出席；contribution to对……的贡献。根据句意可知选D。

　　4

　　[多词一义]　replace，take the place of，substitute...with/for

　　?1?replace...with...用……替换……

　　?2?in place of代替?介词短语?

　　take one’s place代替；就座

　　take the place of代替?动词短语，可作谓语?

　　(1)My daughter replaced the cup carefully in the saucer.

　　我女儿小心翼翼地把杯子放回茶碟。

　　(2)Can anything replace a mother’s love?

　　有什么东西能代替母爱吗？

　　(3)I’m going to replace my old car with a new one.

　　我打算买辆新车来取代那辆旧车。

　　[词义辨析]　replace，substitute

　　(1)这两个词的含义略有不同，replace强调“替换，更换”，即把旧的或坏的东西更换成新的(通常用take the place of更通俗些)；而substitute强调“代替，顶替”。

　　(2)在句型结构上，通常是：replace A with/by B“用B替换A”(使用B)；substitute A for B“用A代替B”(使用A)。