Our Body and Healthy Habits

　　必修 2

　　重点句型

　　1. When Zhou Kai’s mother saw him heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously.

　　周凯的妈妈看到他没有穿夹克衫就往前门走去时，她担心地盯着周凯。

　　2. But that’s because I was stupid enough to play football in the rain.

　　但那是因为我傻得在雨中踢足球。

　　3. Go to bed now or you'll be really tired tomorrow.

　　现在就去睡觉，要不然明天你会觉得很困的。

　　　4. Take more exercise and you'll get / become really fit.

　　多进行体育锻炼，你就会真的很健康。

　　5. Britain was the first country in the world to have a free health care system paid for by the government.

　　英国是世界上第一个拥有由政府负担费用的免费医疗保健系统的国家。

　　6. The problem with this system is that poorer people don’t have the money to pay for private health insurance.

　　这种制度存在的问题是穷人没有钱缴纳个人健康保险。句型探究

　　1. I’d rather eat a nice piece of fruit.

　　我宁愿吃一片美味的水果。

　　would rather do sth. 宁愿做某事

　　I would rather give up this chance.

　　我宁愿放弃这次机会。

　　Which would you rather do, go to the cinema or go for a meal?

　　你宁愿做什么,去看电影还是去吃饭？

　?、賥ould rather do…than do… 宁愿做……而不愿做……

　　I would rather take a bus than take a taxi.

　　我宁愿坐公交车也不愿坐计程车。

　　②would rather sb. did sth. 宁愿某人做某事

　　She would rather her friend came on Sunday.

　　她宁愿她的朋友星期天来。

　?、踨ather than 而不是(通常连接两个并列结构)

　　I’d prefer to go in summer rather than in winter.

　　我宁愿夏天去,也不愿冬天去。

　　She would take more exercise rather than go on a diet.

　　她宁愿多做运动也不愿节食。

　　2. But that’s because I was stupid enough to play football in the rain.

　　但那是因为我傻得在雨中踢足球。

　　(1)本句是主从复合句,that为固定句型,意为“那是因为/由于……”,because引导表语从句。

　　使用because应注意:表“因为……所以……”时,不能使用 because…so…

　　因为他很忙,所以不能来。

　　Because he is very busy, so he can’t come.

　　(×)

　　Because he is very busy, he can’t come.

　　(√)

　　He is very busy, so he can’t come.

　　(√)

　　(2) adj. (adv.)+enough(+for sb.)to do…表示“足够……”。

　　The book is easy enough for my daughter to read.

　　这本书很容易, 我女儿可以读得懂。

　　You are old enough to decide by yourself.

　　你已经大到可以自己做决定的年龄了。

　　be…enough to do sth.可用“so…that”这个连接词词组表示,“so…that”连接的是含有结果状语从句的复合句。

　　Michael is clever enough to pass all his exams.=Michael is so clever that he can pass all his exams.

　　迈克尔够聪明的了,他所有的考试都能及格。

　　3. Britain was the first country in the world to have a free health care system paid for by the government.

　　英国是世界上第一个拥有由政府负担费用的免费医疗保健系统的国家。

　　(1)这个句子的重点是the first…to do “第一个干……的”,动词不定式作定语,相当于一个定语从句。句中to have 可以转换为that / which has。

　　As we all know, Wang Zhizhi is the first player in Asia to join the NBA.

　　众所周知,王治郅是到NBA打球的亚洲第一人。

　　He was the last to be there.

　　他是最后一个到那儿的。

　　(2) paid for by the government 是过去分词短语作后置定语,相当于一个定语从句which was paid for by the government,修饰先行词system。

　　The student dressed in white is my daughter.

　　=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.

　　穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿

　　(3) pay for 意为“付款”，“付出代价”。

　　He was in such a hurry that he left quickly without paying for the vegetables.

　　他太匆忙了,没付买蔬菜的钱就匆匆离开了。

　　You can’t be too careful, or you’ll pay for it.

　　你越小心越好,否则你会为此付出代价的。

　　4. The problem with this system is that poorer people don’t have the money to pay for private health insurance.

　　这种制度所存在的问题是穷人没有钱缴纳个人健康保险。

　　该句是复合句。that在此引导表语从句,在句中无意义,但不能省略。that除了引导表语从句之外,还可以引导主语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句,在宾语从句中可以省略,其他从句中都不可以省略。

　　The fact is that he has not been seen recently. (that引导表语从句)

　　事实是近来谁也没有见过他。

　　John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.(that引导宾语从句，可省)

　　约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。

　　The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.(that引导同位语从句)

　　近来谁也没有见过他,这一情况令办公室所有的人不安。

　　It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.(that引导主语从句)

　　很清楚,整个计划注定要失败。

　　No Drugs

　　必修 2

　　重点句型

　　1. Users who inject the drug are also in more danger if they share needles with other users.

　　如果那些注射毒品的人和其他吸毒者共用针头的话,他们会面临更多危险。

　　2. He told me that I could die if I didn’t stop taking crack cocaine, so I took his advice and stopped immediately.

　　他告诉我如果我不停止吸食强效可卡因,我会死的,因此我接受了他的建议,立即开始戒毒。

　　重点句型

　　3. Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, helping others to stop taking drugs.

　　现在我在一家戒毒中心工作,帮助别人戒毒。

　　4. Whatever you’re doing when you want to smoke — do something else!

　　不论你想抽烟时正在做什么——去做别的吧！

　　5. Choose a time when you will be relaxed but also too busy to think about smoking.

　　选择一个你很放松但又由于太忙没法吸烟的时间。

　　1. Users who inject the drug are also in more danger if they share needles with other users.

　　如果那些注射毒品的人和其他吸毒者共用针头的话,他们会面临更多危险。

　　(1) 本句是一个含有定语从句who inject the drug的主从复合句。主句是Users are also in more danger,条件状语从句是if they share needles with other users。

　　(2) share在本句中是动词,意为“共同使用;分担;分享”。常和介词with搭配使用,有时也可与among或between搭配。

　　句型探究

　　We parents should make our children learn to share toys with each other.

　　我们做父母的应该让孩子学会和其他孩子一块玩玩具。

　　We should share (in) sorrows and joys among us.

　　我们应该共同分担忧愁, 分享幸福。

　　2. Choose a time when you will be relaxed but also too busy to think about smoking.

　　选择一个你很放松但又由于太忙没法吸烟的时间。

　　该句用了too…to…句型表示“太……而不能……”,

　　表示否定含义。

　　It is too dry for the plants with bigger leaves to grow in the desert.

　　沙漠太干燥了,大叶子植物不适合在那里生长。

　　You ride the bike too fast to keep the balance at last.

　　你骑车太快了,这样会把握不好重心的。

　　并不是所有“too…to”结构的句子都表示否定意义

　?、佟皌oo…to…”结构之前带有but, only, all, never, not时,是强调肯定的表示法,译作“非?！?、“十分……”、“实在……”、“真是太……”等。

　　I am but too glad to do so.

　　我非常喜欢这样做。

　　We are only too happy to live in China.

　　生活在中国,我们太幸福了。

　　They are all too satisfied to go and do this work.

　　他们都很乐意地去做这项工作。

　　English is not too difficult to learn.

　　英语并不难学。

　?、谀承┬稳荽视雝oo…to…句型连用时，too (=very)表示肯定的意义。这些形容词多为表示情感的词，如glad, pleased, surprised, delighted, happy, easy, willing, ready, eager, anxious等。

　　I am too pleased to see you here.

　　在这儿见到你我很高兴。

　　③在“too…to…”结构中,不定式为否定式时,是构成的双重否定,其意为“非?！?；不会不……”,也不表示否定意义。

　　He is too kind not to help you.

　　他很善良,不会不帮助你。

　　The girl is too careful not to do it well.

　　这姑娘很细心,完全能干好那件事。

　　Music

　　必修 2

　　1. After studying music in Vienna, Haydn went to work at the court of a prince in eastern Austria, where he became director of music.

　　在维也纳学习音乐之后,海顿去奥地利东部在一个王子的宫廷工作,在那里他成了音乐指挥家。

　　2. Having worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved to London, where he was very successful.

　　在那里工作了30年后,海顿移居伦敦,在伦敦他非常成功。

　　重点句型

　　3. He only lived 35 years and he composed more than 600 pieces of music.

　　他仅活了35岁,却谱写了600多首乐曲。

　　4. His father Leopold was a musician and orchestra conductor.

　　他的父亲Leopold是音乐家兼管弦乐队的指挥。

　　重点句型

　　5. By the time he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras.

　　莫扎特到14岁的时候,不仅已经谱写了许多管弦乐曲,还谱写了许多拨弦键琴曲、钢琴曲和小提琴曲。

　　6. However, it was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.

　　然而,鼓励贝多芬移居维也纳的正是海顿。

　　重点句型

　　1. He only lived 35 years and he composed more than 600 pieces of music.

　　他仅活了35岁,却谱写了600多首乐曲。

　　more than在本句中含“以上”或“不止”之意,相当于over,其后接数词。

　　I have known David for more than 10 years.

　　我认识大卫10多年了。

　　More than 20 countries attended the meeting.

　　有20多个国家出席了会议。

　?、佟癿ore than＋名词”表示“不仅仅，不只是”，强调后面的名词。

　　Liu Huan is more than a singer. He is a teacher, too.

　　刘欢不仅是一个歌手，他也是一名教师。

　　②“more than＋形容词/副词/动词”表示“极其，非常，很”，相当于very，extremely。

　　She more than hesitated to promise that.

　　她勉强答应了那件事。

　　The store is more than happy to deliver goods to your home.

　　本店很乐意为您送货上门。

　　③“more than ＋含can(could)的从句”意思是“使……难以……”、“不能，远非……”，表示超出某人力量、知识等的范围，含否定意义。

　　The beauty of the place is more than I can describe.

　　这地方太美了，简直使我无法形容。

　?、堋癿ore…than”这种结构其意义是肯定more后面的词而否定than后面的词?？梢胛氨取被颉坝肫渌怠蝗缢怠薄?/p>

　　She is more diligent than clever.

　　与其说她聪明，不如说她勤奋。

　　⑤“no more than+数词”意为“仅仅;只有”,相当于only;“not more than+数词”意为“不超过……;至多”,相当于less than,at (the) most。

　　We have studied no more than three English books.

　　我们只学了三本英语书。

　　2. By the time he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras.

　　莫扎特到14岁的时候,不仅已经谱写了许多管弦乐曲,还谱写了许多拨弦键琴曲、钢琴曲和小提琴曲。

　　by表示时间“到……为止”,常用于过去完成时和将来完成时中。

　　By the time I got there, the meeting had been on for half an hour.

　　我到的时候会议已经开始半个小时了。

　　By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.

　　你到车站的时候,火车可能都已经走了。

　　by the time引导的时间状语从句,一般有以下几种情况：

　　by the time+一般过去时,主句一般用过去完成时。

　　by the time+一般现在时,主句一般用将来时或将来完成时。

　　by the end of+过去时间,谓语部分用过去完成时。

　　by the end of+将来时间,谓语部分用将来完成时。

　　Fine Arts — Western, Chinese and Pop Arts

　　必修 2

　　重点句型

　　1. Cubist artists painted objects and people, with different aspects of the object or person showing at the same time.

　　在描绘物体或人的时候,立体派画家会同时展现对象的多个不同侧面。

　　2. I’m studying art at school, and I enjoy it a lot, although I can get tired of looking at pictures all the time.

　　我在学校学习艺术,我很开心,虽然老看图可能会看腻。

　　3. I must say, I love that picture of the six horses.

　　我必须说,我喜爱有六匹马的那幅画。

　　4. What do you make of it?

　　你认为怎么样?

　　5. People agree that Picasso’s greatest Cubist painting is Guernica, which was painted in Madrid in 1937.

　　人们认为毕加索最伟大的立体画是《格尔尼卡》,这幅画是于1937年在马德里画的。

　　重点句型

　　1. I’m studying art at school, and I enjoy it a lot, although I can get tired of looking at pictures all the time.

　　我在学校学习艺术,我很开心,虽然老看图可能会看腻。