Module 4　Sandstorms in Asia

　　【美文阅读】　

　　How to Survive a Sandstorm

　　Sandstorms are among nature's most violent and unpredictable phenomena(现象)．High winds lift sand into the air，reducing visibility(能见度) to almost nothing in a few seconds.Nearly all dust storms are capable of causing property damage，injuries，and deaths.No matter where you live，it's a good idea to know what to do if you see a wall of sand racing toward you.Here are some tips for you.

　　Be prepared.If you are in a stormy area，carry a mask designed to

　　remove small sand，and bring airtight goggles(密封护目镜) to protect your eyes.It's also wise to carry a supply of water in case you are tracked in a storm.Dust storms are usually accompanied by high temperatures，and you can quickly become dehydrated (脱水的)in the dry heat and high winds.Wear or carry clothing that covers your body to protect yourself from the sandblasting，and to keep warm.

　　Outrun(比……跑得快) the storm.If you see a sandstorm from a distance，and you are in a vehicle or have access to one，you may be able to outrun it.Some sandstorms can travel at more than 75 miles per hour，but they often travel much slower.Trying to outrun a

　　storm，however，is not advisable if you have to put yourself at risk by traveling at high speed.If the storm is catching up with you，it's best to stop and prepare for it.

　　Take cover and stay still.Do not attempt to move about in a storm，as you will not be able to see potential danger in your path.

　　If you're in a house，stay inside.If you can quickly reach such a

　　place before a sandstorm reaches you，get there as quickly as possible.Close all windows and doors，and wait out the storm.

　　If you're in a vehicle，roll up the windows and turn off the vents that bring outside air in.

　　If you are outside，seek out a large rock to protect yourself at least partially.

　　Protect yourself from flying objects.Cover as much of your body as possible to protect yourself from flying sand.In addition，while the sand can hurt，a sandstorm's high winds can also carry heavier(and hence more dangerous) objects.If you find yourself no place to stay，try to stay low to the ground and protect your head with your arms, or a backpack.

　　【诱思导学】　

　　　Sandstorms have been a major disaster for many Asian countries for centuries.What should we do to reduce or stop sandstorms?

　　【答案】　Students' own answer.

　　Period ⅠPreviewing

　　●教学目标

　　本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。

　　●教学地位

　　该部分为此模块的Warming Up，介绍了与“沙尘暴”有关的词汇，并设计了三个练习活动。通过教材设计的这三个活动，可以让学生初步熟悉这些词的意义，为以后的各项学习活动做好准备。

　　(教师用书独具)

　　●新课导入建议

　　教师可以利用一张沙尘暴的图片导入新课，如：Look at the picture. What happens? There is a terrible sandstorm.Some cars are almost buried.That is，they are almost covered with sand.教师在引入单词时，重复需要强调的单词，有必要时可以写上黑板。

　　●教学流程设计

　　???????????

　　Ⅰ.篇章结构

　　阅读P32的文章，完成下面表格(每空不超过3个词)

　　General idea of each part More details

　　Part 1 (Para 1) Sandstorms have been a major 1.

　　. Scientists have tried many ways to 2.

　　the problem.

　　Part 2 (Para 2)3.

　　are sandstorms？ Sandstorms are strong，dry winds.They can carry sand；they are often so 4.

　　that you cannot see the sun；sometimes they are strong enough to move sand 5.

　　.

　　Part 3 (Para 3) 6.

　　do sandstorms form？ Sandstorms begin in desert areas；due to 7.

　　，sandstorms in China appear to 8.

　　in recent years.

　　Part 4 (Paras 4～6)

　　Sometimes

　　even Beijing is affected by sandstorms. The 9.

　　of the storm sometimes surprises people；the government is taking measures to 10.

　　the desert coming nearer.

　　【答案】　1.disaster　2.solve　3.What　4.thick

　　5．dunes　6.How　7. desertification　8.have increased

　　9．strength　10.prevent

　　Ⅱ.语篇理解

　　阅读P32的Reading and Vocabulary部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选出最佳答案

　　1．When sandstorms happen，what will you wear if you go out?

　　A．hat.　B．A coat.　C．A mask.

　　2．How many kilometers is the desert away to the west of Beijing?

　　A．350.　B. 250.　C. 150.

　　3．Which statement is WRONG?

　　A．People sometimes can't forecast the strength of a storm.

　　B．The government plans to continue planting trees for the next ten

　　years.

　　C．Northwest China is part of the sandstorm center in central Asia.

　　4．According to the text, we can learn that sandstorms

　　.

　　A．cause people to buy more masks

　　B．are difficult to deal with

　　C．are not dangerous but frightening

　　5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

　　A．Ren Jianbo thought he would probably die from the sandstorm.

　　B．A sandstorm can be forecast several months before it arrives.

　　C．Sandstorms occur in Beijing mainly because of its dry climate.

　　【答案】　1－5　C B B B A

　　Ⅲ.课文缩写

　　用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写

　　Sandstorms have been a major 1.

　　for many Asian countries for centuries. Scientists have tried many ways to 2.

　　this problem.

　　Sandstorms are strong，dry winds that carry sand. They are often 3.

　　thick that you cannot see the sun，and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand 4.

　　.The four main places in the world 5.

　　there are sandstorms are Central Asia，North America，Central Africa and Australia. Ren Jianbo described a terrible sandstorm he experienced as a child in the desert，“To 6.

　　a sandstorm was a terrible 7.

　　.”he said. “It was the most 8.

　　and the most dangerous 9.

　　I've ever been in.You just had to hope you'd 10.

　　. I thought I was going to disappear under the sand.”

　　【答案】　1.disaster　2.solve　3.so　4.dunes　5.where

　　6．have been caught in　7.experience　8.frightening

　　9．situation　10.survive

　　Ⅰ.词义搭配

　　1．frighteningA．involving a large number of people or things

　　2．mass

　　B．a series of actions that are done in order to achieve a particular result

　　3．process

　　C．the physical power and energy that makes someone strong

　　4．forecast

　　E．making you feel afraid or nervous

　　5．strength

　　F．to make a statement saying what is likely to happen in the future，based on the information that you have now

　　【答案】　1.E　2.A　3.B　4.F　5.C

　　Ⅱ.短语填空

　　1．We

　　the storm and got wet.

　　2．We must

　　this disease

　　spreading.

　　3．Many big trees along the road have been

　　for building houses.

　　4．They came in

　　so as not to take up time.

　　5．We must

　　the fact that this kind of animal is in the danger of dying out.

　　【答案】　1.were/got caught in　2.prevent；from　3.cut down　4.one after another　5.wake up to

　　Ⅲ.句型背诵

　　1．They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.

　　沙尘常常如此之厚以至于你看不到太阳，并且有时候风很强，足以移动沙丘。

　　2．To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience.

　　遭遇沙尘暴是一次很可怕的经历。

　　3．Sandstorms in China appear to have increased

　　in recent years as a result of “desertification”．

　　近些年来沙漠化导致的沙尘暴在中国似乎有所增加。

　　4．The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.

　　沙尘暴有时会持续一整天，并且由于浓浓的尘埃使能见度变低，使得交通变得非常缓慢。

　　5．To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees.

　　为了阻止它越来越靠近北京，政府已经开始植树。

　　Period ⅡIntroduction & Reading and Vocabulary

　　●教学目标

　　(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。

　　(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解这些单词和短语。

　　(3)通过对这些词汇的学习能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文更加熟练的运用这些词汇。

　　●教学地位

　　该部分介绍了“亚洲的沙尘暴”。围绕着课文，编者设计了五个与课文内容和词汇有关的练习。通过这些练习，学生可以增进对沙尘暴危害性的了解，熟悉有关沙尘暴的词汇。

　　(教师用书独具)

　　●新课导入建议

　　教师用多媒体放一段有关沙尘暴的录像，然后问课本所列问题，导入课文。

　　●教学流程设计

　　??????

　　1．frightening adj.吓人的；令人害怕的

　　It has lasted for ten hours and was very frightening.

　　(教材P31)它持续了10个小时并且非常可怕。

　　I will never forget that frightening experience.

　　我永远也忘不了那次可怕的经历。

　　①frighten vt.(使)惊恐

　　frighten sb. into/out of doing sth.吓唬某人做某事

　　②frightened adj.感到恐惧的；害怕的

　　be frightened at/of ...害怕……；对……感到恐惧

　　　Don't frighten the children！别吓唬小孩子！

　　He frightened me out of telling the truth.

　　他恐吓我不要说实话。

　　He was frightened at the coming examination.

　　他对即将到来的考试惊恐不安。

　　frightening/frightened

　　frightening 令人恐惧的；可怕的 一般用于指事物，在句中作定语或表语。

　　frightened 受惊的，害怕的 一般用于指人，在句中作定语或表语。

　　　He was frightened of losing power.他害怕失去权力。

　　All the stone figures in the temple looked so frightening.庙里所有的石像看上去都那么吓人。

　　选词填空(frightening/frightened/frighten)

　　①She was

　　at the thought of the examination.

　　②It is

　　to be cycling in a sandstorm.

　　③The

　　girl was

　　by the

　　dog.

　　④They dress up and try to

　　people.

　　【答案】　①frightened　②frightening　③frightened；frightened；frightening　④frighten

　　2．cut down砍倒；缩减；降价

　　Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.(教材P31)

　　人们砍伐树木和铲除草地也会导致沙漠的形成。

　　The apple tree was dead and he cut it down.

　　那棵苹果树枯死了，所以他把它砍掉了。

　　cut down on减少……的量

　　cut in插嘴，打断

　　cut off切断，阻断，隔绝

　　cut out剪除，切掉，删除

　　cut up切碎

　　　You smoke too much—you should try to cut down.

　　你抽烟太凶了，该少抽点。

　　His mother has to cut up all his food for him.

　　他母亲不得不为他将所有的食物切碎。

　　【对接高考】

　　(2024·陕西高考)My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has

　　.

　　A．cut out　B．cut down

　　C．cut up

　　D．cut off

　　【解析】　cut out裁剪，戒掉；cut down削减，压缩，缩减；cut up切碎，切开；cut off切断，隔断，断绝。由语境My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking可知说话者的叔叔并没有“戒掉”吸烟，从后面的but at least的转折可以得知“他减少了吸烟的量”。因此该题的正确答案为B。句意：我叔叔虽然没能戒掉吸烟，但是至少他吸得少了。

　　【答案】　B

　　用适当的介词或副词完成下列句子

　　①他把树砍倒，又把它劈成烧火用的小柴块。

　　He cut

　　the tree and cut it

　　for firewood.

　　②村庄被大雪阻隔。

　　The village was cut

　　by the heavy snow.

　　③ 我们正在看电视，播音员打断了节目，插播了一条最新消息。

　　While we were watching TV，an announcer cut

　　to tell us a piece of latest news.

　　④医生建议他少喝酒。

　　The doctor advised him to cut

　　on drinking.

　　【答案】　①down；up　②off　③in　④down

　　3．mass adj.大众的；大量的，大规模的n.大量；众多；堆

　　Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.(教材P32)科学家们尝试过多种方法解决这个问题。在中国，也发动了群众运动来对付沙尘暴。

　　The police considered it as a mass murder.

　　警方认为这是一次大规模的谋杀。

　　masses of/a mass of＋n.[U/C]大量；许多

　　the mass of大多数；大部分

　　the masses群众；平民

　　　There is a mass of stones in the yard.

　　院子里有许多石头。

　　Our cause needs the support of the masses.

　　我们的事业需要人民群众的支持。

　　完成句子

　　①教室里有许多学生，他们正等着李教授的到来。

　　There are

　　in the classroom and they're waiting for Professor Li.

　　②他们的最新产品瞄准了大众市场。

　　Their latest product is aimed at

　　.

　　③一大堆岩石从悬崖上掉下来，堵塞了道路。

　　rocks fell from the cliff and blocked the road.

　　【答案】　①masses of students　②the mass market　③A great mass of

　　4．be caught in突然遭遇(风、雨等)