必修三

　　Unit 1　 Festivals around the world

　　晨背三部曲（虚拟语气）

　　经典佳句

　　1．因此，我要求一个月之内你们发给我一部同款的新手机。

　　Therefore, I require that you send me a new one of the same model within a month.

　　2．如果没有你的帮助，我不会通过这次考试的。

　　Without your help, I would have failed in the examination.

　　3. 因此，早就应该立即采取措施了。

　　Thus, it's high time that immediate measures were/should be taken.

　　4． 看一下我们现在的路况。很多行人和骑自行车的人表现得就像是根本没有交通规则一样。

　　Take a look at the road conditions today. Quite a few pedestrians and cyclists

　　behave as if there were no traffic rules at all.

　　热身体验

　　句式仿写

　　1． It would be a great honor if_I_were_accepted(如果我被接受的话)．

　　2．It's_high_time_that_we_did/should_do (我们早就该做) something to educate every citizen to respect others.

　　Ⅰ.词海拾贝

　　基础记忆

　　1．starve

　　vi.& vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死

　　2．trick

　　n.

　　诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.

　　欺骗；诈骗

　　3．gain

　　vt.

　　获得；得到

　　4．gather

　　vt.& vi.& n.

　　搜集；集合；聚集

　　5．award

　　n.

　　奖；奖品vt.

　　授予；判定

　　6．energetic

　　adj.

　　充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的

　　7．obvious

　　adj.

　　明显的；显而易见的

　　8．remind

　　vt.

　　提醒；使想起

　　9．forgive

　　vt.

　　原谅；饶恕

　　10．origin

　　n．起源；由来；起因→original

　　adj.原始的；最初的→originally

　　adv.起初

　　11．religious

　　adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的→religion

　　n．宗教信仰

　　12．admire

　　vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→admirable

　　adj.令人钦佩的→admiration

　　n．钦佩；羡慕

　　13．permission

　　n．许可；允许→permit

　　vt.允许

　　14．apologize

　　vi.道歉；辩白→apology

　　n．道歉

　　语境记忆

　　15．Don't wait for an apology.Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.(apologize)(2024·辽宁任务型阅读)

　　16．It is originally thought to be a plant of Africa, but no one knows exactly the origin of this plant, because we don't have any original material about it.(origin)

　　篇章记忆

　　It is obvious that beliefs differ in different societies.It is our custom to gather together to celebrate the arrival of a festival and the admirable gains of a rich harvest.But its origin is unknown.

　　Ⅱ.短语互译

　　1.发生　take_place

　　2．纪念；追念

　　in_memory_of

　　3．盛装；打扮；装饰

　　dress_up

　　4．期望；期待；盼望

　　look_forward_to

　　5．日夜；昼夜；整天

　　day_and_night

　　6．屏息；屏气

　　hold_one's_breath

　　7．出发；动身；使爆炸

　　set_off

　　8．turn up

　　出现；到场

　　9．keep one's word

　　守信用；履行诺言

　　10．remind ... of ...

　　使……想起……

　　11．play a trick on

　　搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑

　　12．as though/if

　　好像

　　13．have fun with

　　玩得开心

　　Ⅲ.句型一览

　　1.“be＋形容词＋to do ...”结构

　　At that time people would starve if food was_difficult_to_find (难以找到), especially during the cold winter months.

　　2．either ... or ... 或者……或者……

　　Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either_to_help_or_to_do_harm (提供帮助或带来危害)．

　　3．“with＋宾语＋介词短语”结构

　　On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with_“bones”_on_them (上面有“骨头”)．

　　4．it作形式主语的主语从句

　　It_was_obvious_that (很明显) the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ...

　　5．while引导的时间状语从句

　　While_she_was_on_earth (她在人间时) she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.

　　Ⅳ.语法自测——情态动词(Ⅰ)

　　完成句子

　　1．He can't_be in the library, for I saw him in the department store a moment ago.(be)

　　他现在不可能在图书馆，因为我刚刚在百货商店见到他了。

　　2．He isn't reliable at all, and he must_be_taking_advantage_of_me now.(take)

　　他一点都不可靠，他现在肯定是在利用我。

　　3．The bathroom has hairs on the floor from the previous guests, so it couldn't/can't_have_been_cleaned very carefully.(clean)

　　洗澡间的地板上还有以前客人留下的头发，所以它不可能仔细打扫过。

　　4．Jack was so worried about the drowning boy that he dived into the lake before_anyone_could_stop_him.(stop)

　　杰克非常担心那个溺水的男孩，还没等有人来得及拦住他，他就纵身跳入湖中。

　　5．The scenery makes me wonder how_it_can_be that nature has imagined such beautiful colors.(can)

　　这道风景使我想知道大自然是怎么构想出这么美丽的颜色的。

　　1.trick

　　n．诡计；恶作剧；窍门 vt.欺骗；诈骗

　　(1)play tricks/a trick on sb.　捉弄某人

　　(2)trick sb. into doing sth.

　　诱使某人做某事

　　trick sb. out of sth.

　　骗走某人某物

　　①We are playing a trick on the man who keeps bothering me.

　　我们正在戏弄那个一直烦我的家伙。

　　②The man tricked the old lady out of her necklace.

　　那个人把老妇人的项链骗走了。

　　【对点练习】

　　介、副词填空

　　①The girls were always playing tricks on the little boy.

　　②She tricked me into paying for her meal at the restaurant.

　　③She was tricked out_of her life savings.

　　2.gain

　　vt.获得；得到

　　gain weight　增加体重

　　gain sth. from/by ...

　　从……处获益

　　gain others' respect/love/trust 获得别人的尊敬/爱戴/信任

　　gain in sth.

　　增加；增长

　　①China on Wednesday urged Japan to recognize and examine its history of aggression so as to gain trust from victim countries as well as the international community.

　　星期三中国敦促日本承认并反省其侵略历史，以取信于亚洲受害国人民和国际社会。

　　②Wine bars have gained in popularity in recent years.

　　近年来，以供应葡萄酒为主的酒吧越来越受到欢迎。

　　【熟词生义】选择句中gain的含义

　　My watch gains two minutes every 24 hours.__C__

　　A．获得B．受益C．快

　　【个性比较】　gain, win, get, earn, acquire

　　gain 指经过很大努力而“获得”，所得的东西常具有一定的价值

　　win 常指取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍，意为“赢得”

　　get 普通用词，有时指不一定需要努力就能“得到”

　　earn 意为“赚得”，表示经过努力所得的报酬

　　acquire 意为“获得，取得”，一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得

　　【语境串记】　After six years' study, I acquired a good knowledge of computer and I won many prizes at university.Therefore I got a good job, which has made me gain much experience.And now I earn up to $100,000 a year.

　　经过六年的学习，我获得了良好的电脑知识并在大学期间赢得了许多奖品。因此我得到了一份好工作，这份工作使我获取了许多经验。现在我每年能够赚取10万美元。

　　【对点练习】

　　用gain的相关短语完成下列句子

　　①她希望能通过在国外工作一年获得经验。

　　She hopes to_gain_experience_by working abroad for a year.

　　②推迟决定不会得到任何好处。

　　There is nothing to_be_gained_from delaying the decision.

　　3.award

　　n．奖；奖品

　　vt.授予；判定

　　(1)win the first award获得一等奖

　　win/receive/get an award for因……而赢得/得到/获得奖项

　　(2)award sth. to sb. ＝ award sb. sth.把某物颁发给某人

　　①It is said that she received an award of 1,000 dollars.

　　据说她得到1 000美元的奖金。

　　②Four Chinese models were among the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition.(上海高考)

　　在世界超模大赛中获奖的14个人当中，中国模特占4人。

　　【个性比较】　award, prize, reward

　　award 奖，奖品，资金；指奖状或其他表彰物，以表示对授予者的称誉、感谢或鼓励

　　prize 奖金；指赢得比赛、竞争、工作或学习所获得的奖金或有价值的东西

　　reward 报答，酬劳；并不指某种荣誉，而指应得的报酬

　　【对点练习】

　　选词填空(award/prize/reward)

　　①The 2024 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to Mo Yan.

　　②Winning the match was just a reward for the effort the team had made.

　　③Yuan Longping received awards from the government for his contributions to agricultural

　　production.

　　4.admire

　　vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕

　　(1)admire sb. for sth.　因某事羡慕某人

　　(2)admiration

　　n.

　　钦佩；赞美；羡慕

　　express/have admiration for sb./sth. (表示)羡慕/钦佩某人/物

　　in/with admiration

　　钦佩地；羡慕地

　　(3)admirer

　　n.

　　赞赏者；羡慕者；追求者

　　(4)admiring

　　adj.

　　赞赏的；羡慕的

　　Many people around the world admire China for its great contributions to the world peace.

　　世界各地的许多人钦佩中国对世界和平所做的巨大贡献。

　　②I'd like to express my admiration for the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the wounded.

　　我对伤员们的勇敢和毫无怨言的精神表示钦佩。

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　①We simply can't_help_admiring our own characteristics in other species.(admire)

　　我们对其他物种表现出的人类特征总是不由自主地赞赏。

　　②They stood there, admiring_my_new_car,_which made me very proud.(admire)

　　他们站在那儿，欣赏我的新轿车，这让我感到非常自豪。

　　5.apologize

　　vi.道歉；辩白

　　(1)apologize (to sb.) for (doing) sth.因(做)某事(向某人)道歉

　　apologize to sb.＋that从句

　　向某人道歉

　　(2)apology

　　n.

　　道歉，致歉

　　make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing)

　　sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉

　　accept/refuse one's apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉

　　owe sb. an apology

　　应向某人道歉

　　The major reason for Chinese dislike of Japan is that “Japan has not sincerely apologized for its aggression against China”．

　　中国人不喜欢日本的主要原因是“日本没有真诚地就其对中国的侵略进行道歉”。

　　②When it happened a third time, I realized I had been apologizing to a lamppost.(2024·广东阅读C)

　　当这件事情再次发生时，我意识到我是在对灯杆道歉。

　　【语境串记】　Jack, you owe your sister an apology for losing her e-dictionary; please go and apologize to her later.

　　杰克，你应该为弄丢你姐姐的电子词典而向她道歉，待会儿请去给她说声对不起。

　　【对点练习】

　　Ⅰ.介词填空

　　①He apologized to the teacher for the bad result in the test.

　　②He made a public apology for his improper remarks.

　　Ⅱ.句型转换

　　③I haven't apologized to Mike for what I said and did to him.

　　→I owe Mike an apology for what I said and did to him.

　　6.remind

　　vt.提醒；使想起

　　remind sb. of sth./sb.提醒某人某事/想起某人

　　remind sb. to do sth.

　　提醒某人做某事

　　remind (sb.) that/how/what ...

　　提醒(某人)……

　　①The public are reminded to improve the awareness of self-protection and not to disclose personal information in their daily life.

　　提醒公众提高自我保护意识，在日常生活中不透露个人信息。

　　②This story — which happened before I was born — reminds me how extraordinary my mother was.

　　这个发生在我出生之前的故事提醒我，我的母亲是多么伟大。

　　【联想发散】根据汉语提示，补全下面“v.＋sb.＋of sth.”短语

　　cure sb.of sth.　治好某人的病

　　accuse sb.of sth.

　　指控某人某事

　　cheat sb.of sth.

　　骗取某人某物

　　inform sb.of sth.

　　通知某人某事

　　convince sb.of sth.

　　使某人相信某事

　　rob sb.of sth.

　　抢劫某人某物

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　After getting the work done, we put up a board reminding_people_to_protect_the_trees.(remind)

　　做完所有的工作后我们竖起了布告牌提醒人们保护这些树。

　　Reminded/Having_been_reminded_not_to_miss the flight to Paris, he set out for the airport in a hurry.(remind)