必修五Unit 3　A healthy life

　　晨背三部曲（话题：健康生活）

　　经典词汇　

　　1.effect n．　影响2．fitness n.

　　健康3．obesity n.

　　肥胖4．attitude n.

　　态度5．eyesight n.

　　视力6．attention n.

　　关注7．adolescent n.

　　青少年8．strengthen v.

　　加强9．healthy adj.

　　健康的10．harmful adj.

　　有害的11．positive adj.

　　积极的12．stressed adj.

　　有压力的13．gradually adv.

　　逐渐地14．regularly adv.

　　有规律地 15.lead to导致16．take part in

　　参加17．put on weight

　　增重18．consist of

　　由……组成19．do harm to

　　对……有害20．aim to

　　旨在，目的在于21．be filled with

　　充满……22．make full use of

　　充分利用……23．become addicted to

　　对……上瘾24．the peaceful and relaxing life

　　平静而悠闲的生活

　　热身体验

　　连词成句

　　1．only, in this way, I, will, relax, forget, all, worries (用倒装句式)

　　Only_in_this_way_will_I_feel_relaxed_and_forget_all_about_my_worries.

　　2．easy, drug takers, become addicted to, drugs (用it作形式主语)

　　It_is_easy_for_drug_takers_to_become_addicted_to_drugs.

　　Ⅰ.词海拾贝

　　基础记忆

　　1．abuse n．& vt.　滥用；虐待

　　2．ban vt.& n.

　　禁止；取缔；禁令；谴责

　　3．quit vt.

　　停止(做某事)；离开

　　4．effect n.

　　结果；效力

　　5．desperate adj.

　　绝望的；拼命的

　　6．awkward adj.

　　局促不安的；笨拙的

　　7．stress n．压力；重音 vt.加压力于；使紧张→stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的→stressed adj.焦虑不安的

　　8．adolescent n．青少年 adj.青春期的→adolescence n．青春期

　　9．addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addiction n．沉溺；嗜好→addictive adj.使人上瘾的→addict vt.使上瘾 n．有瘾的人

　　10．accustom vt.使习惯于→accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的

　　11．automatic adj.无意识的；自动的→automatically

　　adv.无意识地；自动地

　　12．mental adj.精神的；智力的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上→physical (反义词) 身体的；肉体的

　　13．strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强→strength n．力气；力量；强项

　　14．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointment n．失望；沮丧

　　15．ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；厚颜的

　　语境记忆

　　16．After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed out and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under such stress.(stress)

　　17．The man is addicted to smoking for many years, but he is now fighting with his addiction to smoking.(addict)

　　篇章记忆

　　Some adolescents are addicted to the abuse of alcohol and cigarettes due to the stress of overwork.They are faced with fitness problems physically and mentally.

　　Ⅱ.短语互译

　　1.对……有瘾addicted_to

　　2．对……作出决定

　　decide_on

　　3．不顾；不管

　　in_spite_of

　　4．陷入；染上(坏习惯)

　　get_into

　　5．也就是说

　　that_is

　　6．设法完成某件困难的事

　　manage_to_do_sth.

　　7．due to

　　由于……

　　8．accustomed to

　　习惯于……

　　9．feel like (doing)

　　想要(做)……

　　10．take risks (a risk)

　　冒险

　　11．at risk

　　处境危险；遭受危险

　　12．reach for

　　接触；伸手去拿

　　Ⅲ.句型一览

　　1.It seems＋adj.＋that ... 看起来……

　　It_seems_amazing_that (这看起来令人吃惊) at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.

　　2．find/consider/feel＋it＋宾语补足语

　　Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding_it_difficult_to_give_it_up (发现很难把它戒掉)．

　　3．as引导的非限制性定语从句

　　As_you_know (正如你所知道的), if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.

　　4．It is time to do ... 该做……的时间了

　　When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it_was_time_to_quit_smoking (是该戒烟的时候了)．

　　5．“do/does/did＋动词原形”表强调；as ... as ... 同……一样……

　　I do_hope_so (的确希望如此) because I want you to live as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as_I_have (像我一样活得健康长寿)．

　　Ⅳ.语法自测——it的用法(1)

　　完成句子

　　1．It took a long time before_he_recovered_from/for_him_to_recover_from a bad cold.(recover)

　　他很长时间才从重感冒中恢复过来。

　　2．It_(suddenly)_occurred_to_me that we could use a computer to do the job.(occur)

　　我突然间想到我们可以用计算机来做这项工作。

　　3．I found_it_impossible_to_work_out the math problem, so I turned to my classmate who is good at maths.(work)

　　我发现不可能做出这道数学题，于是向我的同学求助，他非常擅长数学。

　　4．How_interesting_it_is to look at old pictures and reflect on the days we spent together！(be)

　　看着旧照片，回顾我们在一起的日子是多么有趣呀！

　　5．As time goes by, you will find_it_more_and_more_difficult to deal with the complex situation.(find)

　　随着时间的推移，你会发现越来越难以应对那种复杂的形势。

　　1.stress n．重压；逼迫；压力；重音；重点 vt.加压力于；使紧张；重读

　　①Psychologically, exercise provides you with a break from the stresses in your life.(2024·重庆阅读B)

　　从心理上看，锻炼能够在你的日常压力中提供片刻休息的机会。

　　(1)under stress　在压力之下

　　under the stress of

　　在……压力下

　　put sb. under great stress

　　使某人感到沉重的压力

　　lay/place/put stress on sth.

　　强调某事物

　　(2)stress the importance of

　　强调……的重要性

　　be stressed out

　　(因心理压力过重而)筋疲力尽的

　　(3)stressed adj.

　　感到压力的

　　stressful adj.

　　产生压力的

　　That young lady, under the stress of her situation, changed effectively.

　　那位年轻的小姐，在处境的压力下，变化显著。

　　③After a long and tough journey, all of us felt exhausted and were stressed out.

　　经过漫长而艰难的旅途后，我们所有人都感到筋疲力尽。

　　【对点练习】

　　对比填空

　　他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。

　　He stressed the importance of a good education.(stress v．)

　　②He laid/placed/put stress on the importance of a good education.(stress n．)

　　Stress was laid/placed/put on the importance of a good education by him.

　　2.addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的

　　(1)be/become/get addicted to sth./doing sth. 沉溺于……；专心做……

　　(2)addict vt.

　　使沉溺；使上瘾n.

　　有瘾的人

　　addict oneself to sth.

　　沉溺于……

　　a work addict

　　工作狂

　　(3)addiction n.

　　沉溺；嗜好；吸毒成瘾

　　addictive adj.

　　使人上瘾的

　　Her son addicted himself to smoking, which had a bad effect on his health.

　　她的儿子吸烟成瘾，这对他的健康有很坏的影响。

　　【语境串记】　Li Ming is a game addict, and his father has been trying to prevent him from being addicted to computer games, which are very addictive.

　　李明是一个游戏迷，他父亲一直以来都想办法阻止他沉溺于容易上瘾的网络游戏。

　　【关键一点】　不管是动词addict还是形容词addicted或名词addiction，表示“沉迷于/热衷于……”都和介词to连用。

　　【对点练习】

　　对比填空

　　很多孩子沉迷于上网，他们对学习失去了兴趣。

　　①Many kids become/are/get addicted to surfing the Net, so they have lost interest in study.(addicted)

　　②Addicted to surfing the Net, many kids have lost interest in study.(addicted)

　　③Many kids addict themselves to surfing the Net,

　　so they have lost interest in study.(addict)

　　④Addicting themselves to surfing the Net, many kids have lost interest in study.(addict)

　　3.accustomed adj.经常的；惯常的；习惯了的

　　(1)be/get/become accustomed to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事

　　(2)accustom vt.

　　使习惯于

　　accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人/自己习惯于……

　　①He said that he was accustomed to making important decisions.

　　他说他经常作重要的决定。

　　②It took a while for me to accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations.

　　我花了一段时间才逐渐适应了所有新的规章制度。

　　【联想发散】根据提示写出下面含有介词to的动词短语

　　①devote_oneself_to　奉献

　　②get_down_to

　　开始认真做

　　③see_to

　　务必；一定

　　④give_way_to

　　对……让步

　　⑤look_up_to

　　尊敬

　　⑥lead_to

　　导致；通向

　　⑦object_to/be_opposed_to

　　反对

　　⑧stick_to

　　坚持

　　【对点练习】

　　对比填空

　　我习惯晚起床，我总是感到困乏。

　　4.effect n．结果；效力

　　①However, the accident had an unexpected side effect.(2024·安徽阅读C)

　　然而，这次事故产生了始料未及的副作用。

　　(1)have an effect/influence on/upon　对……有效；对……产生影响

　　come/go into effect

　　生效

　　bring/carry/put ... into effect

　　实行；实施；使生效/起作用

　　take effect

　　生效；奏效

　　of no effect

　　没有效果的；没有影响的

　　(2)effective adj.

　　有效的；有影响的

　　(3)affect v.

　　影响

　　Some researchers found that rising temperatures are having harmful effects on at least five species of rabbit in the US.(2024·浙江阅读A)

　　一些研究人员发现日益升高的温度对美国至少五个种类的兔子正在产生有害的影响。

　　③This Regulation will come into effect from September 1, 2024.

　　本章程自2024年9月1日起施行。

　　【对点练习】

　　根据英汉提示完成小片段

　　这种杀死害虫的有效方式对环境产生了灾难性的后果，影响了生态平衡。

　　The effective way to kill the pest has disastrous effects_on the environment, affecting the balance of nature.

　　5.ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的

　　(1)be/feel ashamed of　因……感到惭愧

　　be ashamed to do sth.

　　耻于做某事

　　feel/be ashamed for sb.

　　替某人感到羞愧

　　(2)shame n.

　　羞愧；羞耻；惭愧

　　……真让人遗憾

　　真可惜！

　　I was blind, but I was ashamed of it if it was known.(2024·广东阅读C)

　　我是盲人，但我耻于被别人知道这一点。

　　②It's a shame that you can't stay with us.

　　你不能留下来和我们在一起太遗憾了。

　　③What a shame! She should fail this round.

　　真可惜！这一轮她竟然败下来了。

　　【对点练习】

　　用ashamed的相关短语完成下列句子

　　①她不好意思提这么简单的问题。

　　She was_ashamed_to ask such a simple question.

　　②我非但不觉得惭愧，反而觉得骄傲。

　　Instead of being_ashamed_of it, I'm proud of it.

　　6.in spite of 不顾；不管

　　不顾；不管(其后接从句)

　　In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford.(2024·山东阅读B)

　　尽管受到多次邀请，他拒绝去参观牛津大学。

　　②In spite of the fact that she has suffered ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down.

　　尽管经历了人生的跌宕起伏，她从没有屈从于命运的摆布。

　　【对点练习】

　　对比填空

　　尽管下着大雨，我们还是出去了。

　　①We went out in spite of the heavy rain.

　　②We went out in spite of the fact that it was raining heavily.

　　③Although/Though it was raining heavily, we went out.

　　7.take risks/a risk

　　冒险

　　①Men who had been stressed tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way. (2024·北京阅读C改编)

　　在这项实验中男性在压力下更容易冒险，然而女性却完全相反。

　　(1)at risk　有风险

　　at the risk of ...

　　冒着……风险

　　take/run the risk of doing sth.

　　冒险做某事

　　(2)risk doing sth.

　　冒险做某事

　　risk one's life to do sth.

　　冒着生命危险做某事

　　②The disease is spreading, and all the children under five are at risk.

　　疾病正在蔓延，所有5岁以下的孩子都有危险。

　　③He risked his life to save me in the cold river.

　　他冒着生命危险在冰冷的河水里救了我。

　　【对点练习】