Unit 3　Inventors and inventions

　?、?单项填空

　　1．(2024·山师大附中模拟)The man who hit so many people in a row had drunk so much that his mind could no longer ________ between fantasy and reality.

　　A．distinguish　B．discourage

　　C．disturb

　　D．disappear

　　答案：A　考查动词词义。句意：那个连续撞了很多人的男子喝了太多酒，所以他的大脑分辨不出幻想和现实。distinguish“区别；辨别”，符合句意。discourage“使气馁；阻碍”；disturb“扰乱；妨碍”；disappear“消失；不存在”。

　　2．(2024·豫东六校联考)The companions with ________ my brother associates are friendly and warm-hearted.

　　A．whom

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．them

　　答案：A　考查定语从句的用法。句意：我弟弟交的伙伴很友好而且还很热心。先行词是the companions，associate with“与……交往”，介词with提到了前面，故用with whom。

　　3．(2024·平遥高三质检)The sound of the happy laughter ________ memories of his childhood.

　　A．called up

　　B．called on

　　C．called for

　　D．called in

　　答案：A　考查短语意义。句意：幸福的笑声唤起了他童年的记忆。call up“使想起”，与句意相符。call on“号召”；call for“要求”；call in“召集；招来”。

　　4．(2024·东北三校模拟)The volcano erupted violently, yet the village at the foot of it should ________.

　　A．come through

　　B．go through

　　C．get through

　　D．pass through

　　答案：A　考查动词短语意义。句意：那座火山剧烈的喷发而山脚下的那个村庄竟然安然渡过了危险。come through“(安然渡过)?；患膊〉取?，与句意相符。

　　5．(2024·江西九校联考)Close the door of fear behind you, and you ________ the door of faith open before you.

　　A．saw

　　B．have seen

　　C．will see

　　D．are seeing

　　答案：C　句意：关上你身后的惧怕之门，你就会看到信心之门在你面前敞开着。这是“祈使句＋and＋并列句”结构。根据句意，并列句谓语应该用一般将来时态。

　　6．(2024·东北师大附中高三质检)I ride a bicycle to go to work every day and have a deep impression that the bicycle is very ________ in our daily life.

　　A．convenient

　　B．available

　　C．possible

　　D．personal

　　答案：A　考查形容词词义。句意：我每天骑自行车去上班，并且有一个很深的感想，那就是自行车在我们的日常生活中是非常便利的。available“可以利用的；可以得到的”；convenient“方便的”；possible“可能的”；personal“个人的”。

　　7．(2024·吉林省实验中学高三质检)The digital dictionary I got ________ the other day cost me a lot.

　　A．repaired

　　B．repairing

　　C．to repair

　　D．to be repaired

　　答案：A　考查非谓语动词?！癵et＋宾语＋动词的过去分词作宾补足语”表示主语让别人做某事。

　　8．(2024·安徽师大附中高三质检)To be honest, the role John plays in this film doesn't come up to my ________， though he is one of my favorite actors.

　　A．excuses

　　B．explanations

　　C．experiences

　　D．expectations

　　答案：D　考查名词词义。句意：老实说，虽然约翰是我最喜欢的演员之一，但他在这部电影中扮演的角色没有达到我的期望。expectation“期待；期望；预料”，短语come up to (one's) expectations“达到期望(的水平)”，与句意相符。

　　9．(2024·天津六校联考)I haven't come to a clear idea, so I can only tell you ________ what I think about it.

　　A．abruptly

　　B．privately

　　C．roughly

　　D．absolutely

　　答案：C　从前一个分句的意思可推知，说话人只能粗略地(roughly)告诉对方他的想法。abruptly“突然地；唐突地”；privately“秘密地”；absolutely“绝对地”。

　　10．(2024·山西师大附中模拟)From what we have discussed above, we can naturally arrive at the conclusion that only in this way ________ to make great progress in our studies.

　　A．we can hope

　　B．can we hope

　　C．we did hope

　　D．did we hope

　　答案：B　only修饰状语位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装；另外，根据句子的语气应使用情态动词can。

　　11．(2024·山东四市联考)—Have you finished your homework yet?

　　—Not yet, I ________ to do it just a few minutes ago.

　　A．get down

　　B．set out

　　C．set about

　　D．set up

　　答案：B　考查短语意义。句意：——你完成作业了吗？——没有，几分钟前我才开始做作业。get down to，set about“着手做某事”，后跟动词-ing形式；set up“建立”；set out to do sth.“着手做某事”。

　　12．(2024·山东青岛质检)Out of ________ for the homeless children, he gave them shelter for the night.

　　A．pity

　　B．shame

　　C．mercy

　　D．friendship

　　答案：C　考查短语搭配中的名词。句意：出于对那些无家可归的孩子们的同情，他给孩子们提供了过夜的地方。out of mercy for...“出于对……的怜悯”，与句意相符。

　　13．(2024·河北衡水中学模拟)—Sorry, I have to ________ now. It's time for class.

　　—OK, I'll call back later.

　　A．ring off

　　B．break up

　　C．give off

　　D．hold up

　　答案：A　ring off“挂断电话”；break up“分解；分裂；拆散”；give off“发出”；hold up“支撑；耽搁”。由句中出现的call back later可知，此处应选择与打电话有关的短语。

　　14．(2024·南昌三中月考)I can't bear ________， so I hope you can come on time.

　　A．to keep waiting

　　B．to keep to wait

　　C．being kept waiting

　　D．being kept to wait

　　答案：C　keep sb. doing“让……一直处于某种状态中”，keep和主语之间构成被动关系，故选C。

　　15．(2024·江西师大附中高三质检)The book written by him, ________ into 16 languages, has become a bestseller all over the world.

　　A．having translated

　　B．to be translated

　　C．being translated

　　D．translated

　　答案：D　考查非谓语动词。translate和其逻辑主语book之间为动宾关系，故排除A项。由句意可知动作已经完成，故排除B、C两项。translated into 16 languages为过去分词短语作后置定语，其作用相当于非限制性定语从句：which has been translated into 16 languages。

　?、?阅读理解

　　A

　　(2024·三明普高联考)

　　Here I'd like to talk about how to develop your curiosity and make use of it to make discoveries. Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers when you are curious about something and want to know more about it.

　　Firstly, write down the subject that you are interested in on a note card or piece of paper. Just put the main idea down, such as “Discover more about dinosaurs.”

　　Next, think for a moment about what you already know about your subject and list information like the sentences below：

　　1. Dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared.

　　2. Dinosaurs lived on the earth for more than 150 million years.

　　3. Some dinosaurs fed on plants, some on meat.

　　Thirdly, ask yourself “What can I do with what I want to learn？” On your paper, start writing down questions about the dinosaurs as you think of them：

　　1. What's the best weather for dinosaurs to live in?

　　2. How many kinds of dinosaurs are there?

　　3. Have dinosaurs really disappeared?

　　Fourthly, armed_with_your_list_of_questions,_you can now visit the nearest library or turn to computer to begin your research. As you learn more about your subject, you'll probably discover some new questions.

　　For example, you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. Why? What happened? Asking new questions can help you research your subject more deeply.

　　The next time you find something interesting to research, take time to organize your thinking by asking good questions. And remember—learning more always bring more questions.

　　文章大意：怎样利用好奇心，提出问题然后做出发明呢？本文具体讲述了这样做的步骤。

　　1．While doing some research, you should take the following steps________.

　?、賚ist what you want to know

　?、赾hoose a research subject

　?、踠ist what you already know

　?、躣iscover new problems

　　A．①④③②

　　B．①②④③

　　C．②③①④

　　D．②①④③

　　答案：C　细节理解题。由文中的“firstly，next，thirdly，fourthly”可知C项符合。

　　2．What does the underlined sentence “armed with your list of questions” mean?

　　A．Taking your list of questions with you to do more research.

　　B．Writing down your list of questions before turning to the computer.

　　C．Discussing your questions with your classmates for solution.

　　D．Putting your questions aside before going to the library.

　　答案：A　猜测词义题。由画线句后的下一句“As you learn more about your subject, you'll probably discover some new questions.”可知，带着你列的问题去再研究。

　　3．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

　　A．You can find all the answers online.

　　B．Learn more, and you'll have no questions.

　　C．Asking questions is the only way for research.

　　D．During the research, more questions may arise.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。由最后一段最后一句话“And remember—learning more always bring more questions.”可知，在研究过程中，你就会遇到更多的问题。

　　4．The best title for this passage is________.

　　A．Discovering Dinosaurs

　　B．Asking Good Questions

　　C．Finding Suitable Subjects

　　D．Having Interesting Answers

　　答案：B　主旨大意题。由文章大意可知，本文主要讲的是利用好奇心，提出问题然后做出发明的步骤。所以B项符合。

　　B

　　(2024·济南市4月模拟)

　　More over smart phone, the intelligent watch is about to take your spot as the latest hi-tech current, allowing wearers to glance at messages and even take calls without touching their phones. The i'm Watch, available since 2011, is the flagship product of an Italian company—i'm. This smart watch is an assist to the smart phone, with which it can communicate by Bluetooth wireless technology. It means you can leave your phone in your pocket as you answer or reject a call, review e-mails or read updates from friends on Twitter or Facebook.

　　The i'm Watch also has its own applications, such as i'm Sport, which links with a heart rate detector (检测器) to allow a runner to check his pulse. Such functions already exist in specialized sports watches but not on watches that are linked to smart phones.

　　With a square shape, a 3.8-centimeter touch screen and various colors, the i'm Watch sells for a minimum of 300 Euros ($390) for the basic model and prices climb to 16 000 Euros for a luxury model in silver or decorated with diamonds.

　　So far, the watch has already found 30 000 buyers, 80 percent of whom are men aged 25 to 50. “Seventy percent are iPhone users, 25 percent Samsung and the rest are other telephones using Google's Android operating system，” said Massimiliano Bertolini, a manager of the company, which aims to sell more than 200 000 watches this year. The company's target market is the person who is always glued to his smart phone, even in meetings or at the movies, or people who wish to keep an eye on their heartbeat during exercise. They will especially target women with advertisements emphasizing its design rather than its technology.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款最新的智能手表。

　　5．The text is meant to ________.

　　A．advertise a hand-held device

　　B．show an example of high-tech

　　C．introduce a new type of watch

　　D．compare the phone with the watch

　　答案：C　写作意图题。根据文章第一段第一句“More over smart phone, the intelligent watch is about to take your spot as the latest hi-tech current...”和对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要介绍最新的科技产品：智能手表，故答案C符合文意。

　　6．Which of the following best describes the i'm Watch?

　　A．Economical.

　　B．Typical.

　　C．Multifunctional.

　　D．Traditional.

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后两句“This smart watch is an assist to the smart phone... review e-mails or read updates from friends on Twitter or Facebook.”可推知，文中介绍的智能手表是多功能的，故答案C符合文意。

　　7．Why is the i'm Watch superior to other specialized sports watches?

　　A．It provides a better service.

　　B．It is linked to smart phones.

　　C．It has a heart rate detector.

　　D．It owns fancy appearance.

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“Such functions already exist in specialized sports watches but not on watches that are linked to smart phones.”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　8．Which group of people may be attracted by the i'm Watch?

　　A．Sports lovers having smart phones.

　　B．Women preferring advertisements.

　　C．People using Android system.

　　D．iPhone users seeking convenience.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句“Seventy percent are iPhone users...”可知，答案D符合文意。

　　9．What can we learn about the i'm Watch according to the text?

　　A．It can control a runner's pulse.

　　B．It has a wide range of prices.

　　C．It can replace the smart phones.

　　D．It is popular among teenagers.

　　答案：B　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“a minimum of 300 Euros... to 16 000 Euros... with diamonds.”可推知，根据i'm Watch这款智能表的款式和材质不同，它的售价有很大的范围，故答案B符合文意。