Words and expressions

　　junk n. old useless things 垃圾

　　You should get rid of all the old junk in the room. 你该把室内的所有破烂清除掉。

　　junk food 垃圾食品

　　fat n. a substance like oil which is used in cooking脂肪；油脂

　　They have a lot of fat under their skin. 它们的皮肤下面有很多脂肪。

　　vitamin n. any one of several chemical substances necessary for health维生素，维他命

　　Oranges contain vitamin C. 橘子含有维生素C。

　　snack a small meal; a little food n. 快餐，小吃

　　Im not hungry but Id like a snack. 我并不饿，不过我倒喜欢来点小吃。

　　stomach n. place in the body where food goes when one eats it 胃；肚子

　　What a stomach he has got! 他真是一个大腹便便的人!

　　fever n. an illness when you have a high temperature发烧；发热

　　He has a fever and a temperature of 38.5 degree. 他发烧，体温38.5摄氏度。

　　n. (usu. a fever) a highly excited state; great excitement（通常指）狂热；激动

　　I am in a fever of excitement. 我十分兴奋。

　　salad n. cold vegetables or fruit mixed together 色拉（西餐中的凉拌菜）

　　He dislikes salad. 他不喜欢吃凉拌菜。

　　peach n. round, juicy fruit with a yellow red skin桃子

　　Mother put the peaches in her basket. 母亲把桃（子）放在篮子里。

　　ripe adj. ready for picking and eating熟的；成熟的

　　Autumn is a busy season, and the crops are ripe. 秋季是繁忙的季节，庄稼成熟了。

　　ought v. aux. should, must (showing that it is your duty to do something)应当；应该

　　ought to 应当；应该

　　This work ought to be done at once. 这项工作应当马上就做。

　　examine vt. look at something or someone carefully检查；细看

　　All the machines will be examined. 所有机器都将检查一遍。

　　plenty n.[u] a large number; as much as you need 充足；大量；丰富

　　plenty of 许多；大量的

　　I have plenty to do. 我有很多事要做。

　　There is plenty of time; you need not be in such a hurry. 时间多得很，你用不着这样匆忙。

　　energy n. power to do a lot of work精力

　　He has much energy. 他精力充沛。

　　n. force or power to make things, machines, etc. move or work能，能量

　　The light energy comes from the sun. 光能来自太阳。

　　soft adj. with no alcohol不含酒精的

　　Lemonade is a soft drink. 柠檬水是一种不含酒精的饮料。

　　bar n. a relatively long, straight, rigid piece of solid material条；棒

　　a bar of chocolate 巧克力棒

　　fuel n. wood, coal, oil, etc. that you burn to make heat or power燃料；营养物

　　Coal, oil, wood and gas are fuels. 煤炭，石油，木柴和煤气都是燃料。

　　diet n. usual food饮食；食物

　　Cows have a diet of grass. 牛的食物是草。

　　n. special programme of food for people who are ill, etc.特种饮食

　　The physician put him on a special diet. 内科医生给他吃特定的食物。

　　calorie n. (=calory) 卡路里；卡（热量单位）

　　keep up with walk or drive as fast as another person or thing so that you are together跟上

　　She had to run to keep up with them. 她得跑着才能跟上他们。

　　pace n.[c] step步；步调

　　He stepped backward a pace or two. 他后退了一两步。

　　make a choice choose 做出选择

　　There were so many cakes that it was difficult to make a choice.

　　糕点那么多，以致挑选起来很困难。

　　nutrient n. a source of nourishment, especially a nourishing ingredient in a food

　　营养物 adj. providing nourishment 有营养的

　　nutrition n. nourishment营养

　　nutritious adj. 有营养的

　　protein n. body building substance essential to good health in such foods as milk, eggs蛋白质

　　Protein is the base of life. 蛋白质是生命的基础。

　　muscle n. that part of flesh which can be tightened and loosened to move parts of the body肌肉

　　When we walk, we exercise our leg muscles. 我们走路时，锻炼腿上的肌肉。

　　bean n. a vegetable seed we can eat 豆

　　calcium n.钙

　　dairy n. 牛奶场；乳制品

　　product n. a thing which is produced a result or work or growth产品；成果

　　Coffee is Brazils main product. 咖啡是巴西的主要产物。

　　carbohydrate n. a substance made up of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon, such as sugar碳水化合物（如糖）

　　Sugars and starchier are carbohydrates. 糖和淀粉是碳水化合物。

　　fiber n. 纤维；纤维制品

　　synthetic fiber 合成纤维

　　mineral n.[c] coal, tin, ore, gold, etc, that comes from under the ground 矿物，矿石

　　Coal and iron are minerals. 煤和铁都是矿物。

　　function v. work, run起作用；运行

　　I couldnt ring you because the phone wasnt functioning.我没法给你打电话，因为电话机坏了。

　　n. special work done by someone or something功能；作用

　　The function of the heart is to send blood round the body. 心脏的功能就是向全身输送血液。

　　vegetarian n.[c] 素食 (主义) 者

　　a strict vegetarian 严格的素食主义者(不仅不吃鱼、肉类,连蛋、牛奶、奶油也不吃)

　　vegan: [英]严格的素食主义者

　　Yoghurt [XjCgRt] n. 酸奶

　　eco-food XIkRuX n. 生态食品

　　organic adj. of or relating to the compounds of carbon有机的

　　organic chemistry 有机化学

　　chemical n. a chemical product化学制品

　　Edison planted vegetables in his garden and sold them to buy chemicals.

　　爱迪生在园子里种菜，卖掉菜再买化学药品

　　adj. of chemistry化学的

　　This change of state is a physical change and not a chemical one.

　　这种状态变化是物理变化，而不是化学变化。

　　balance v. make or keep something steady, so it does not fall; stay steady(使)平衡

　　Can you balance yourself on skates? 你穿冰鞋能保持平衡吗？

　　n. when two sides are the same; being steady平衡

　　the balance of nature 生态平衡

　　supplement n / v. 增补；补充

　　fit adj. healthy健康 adj. suited for合适

　　Keep fit, study hard and work well. 身体好，学习好，工作好。

　　The weather is not fit to go out in. 这种天气不宜外出。

　　unit n. one person, one thing; one group单位；单元

　　The family is often taken as the unit of society. 家庭通常被认为是社会的组成单位。

　　digest v. change (food) into a state in which the body can use it消化

　　Food is digested in the stomach. 食物在胃里消化了。

　　gain v. get sth. more, not to lose增加；获得

　　The masses gain experience through struggle. 群众通过斗争可以取得经验。

　　sleepy adj. tired; wanting to sleep困乏的；瞌睡的

　　I feel sleepy,so Im going to bed. 我感到困倦，要去睡觉了。

　　refuel v. 补给燃料；补充能量

　　now and then now and again; occasionally 时而；不时

　　brain n.[c] the grey substance in the head, with which one thinks脑

　　The brain is the organ of thought. 大脑是思维器官。

　　n.[c] mind; intelligence 头脑（常用复数）

　　 I wish I had your brains. 但愿我有你那个（好）脑筋。

　　peel vt. 剥皮；去皮 n.[u] 水果 [蔬菜 (等) ] 的皮

　　 peel a banana [potatoes] 剥香蕉 [削马铃薯] 的皮

　　orange [lemon] peel 桔子 [柠檬] 的皮

　　recipe n. 烹饪法；食谱

　　roll-up n. 卷；卷状食品

　　roll up make or put into the form of a roll; take the form of a cylinder of ball (使)成卷形

　　Rolling up his trousers, he worked with the others in the fields.

　　他卷起裤腿和别人一道在田里干了起来。

　　tasty adj. good to eat美味的；可口的

　　This fish is very tasty. 这鱼很可口。

　　ingredient n. one of the parts of a mixture成份；配料

　　Eggs are the main ingredients of omelets. 煎蛋卷的主要成份是鸡蛋。

　　mushroom n. [c] 蘑菇；菌类植物

　　chop vt. cut into very small pieces; cut roughly剁碎 vt. cut by striking with a knife, axe, etc.砍

　　chop wood into pieces 把木头劈碎 chop down a tree 把树枝砍倒

　　steam vt. cook something in steam蒸煮 vi. give out steam蒸发

　　Shall we steam or fry the fish? 这鱼我们是蒸还是炸？

　　The kettle was steaming on the stove. 炉子上的壶正在冒热气。

　　boil vt. cook something in very hot water煮

　　She boiled rice in the kitchen. 她在厨房里煮饭。

　　vi. to become hot and change from liquid to gas沸；开

　　When water boils, it changes into steam. 水沸腾时就变成蒸汽。

　　bacon n. 咸肉；熏肉

　　lettuce n. 莴苣

　　use lettuce in a salad 用莴苣做色拉

　　mixture n.[c] group or mass of different things混合物（体）

　　Air is a mixture of gases. 空气是各种气体的混合物。

　　spoonful n.[c] 一汤匙 (的量) [of]

　　a spoonful of salt 一汤匙盐

　　slice vt. cut something into slices切成片

　　Mother sliced the loaf. 妈妈把面包切成了薄片。

　　n. thin piece that one cuts off bread, meat, or other food 片；薄片；切片

　　Please cut a slice of bread for me. 请给我切一片面包。

　　dice v. 把切成小方块 n. 小方块

　　stir vt. move a spoon, etc, round and round to mix something搅拌；搅起

　　Have you stirred your tea? 你的茶搅和过了吗？

　　Words and expressions

　　junk n. old useless things 垃圾

　　You should get rid of all the old junk in the room. 你该把室内的所有破烂清除掉。

　　junk food 垃圾食品

　　fat n. a substance like oil which is used in cooking脂肪；油脂

　　They have a lot of fat under their skin. 它们的皮肤下面有很多脂肪。

　　vitamin n. any one of several chemical substances necessary for health维生素，维他命

　　Oranges contain vitamin C. 橘子含有维生素C。

　　snack a small meal; a little food n. 快餐，小吃

　　Im not hungry but Id like a snack. 我并不饿，不过我倒喜欢来点小吃。

　　stomach n. place in the body where food goes when one eats it 胃；肚子

　　What a stomach he has got! 他真是一个大腹便便的人!

　　fever n. an illness when you have a high temperature发烧；发热

　　He has a fever and a temperature of 38.5 degree. 他发烧，体温38.5摄氏度。

　　n. (usu. a fever) a highly excited state; great excitement（通常指）狂热；激动

　　I am in a fever of excitement. 我十分兴奋。

　　salad n. cold vegetables or fruit mixed together 色拉（西餐中的凉拌菜）

　　He dislikes salad. 他不喜欢吃凉拌菜。

　　peach n. round, juicy fruit with a yellow red skin桃子

　　Mother put the peaches in her basket. 母亲把桃（子）放在篮子里。

　　ripe adj. ready for picking and eating熟的；成熟的

　　Autumn is a busy season, and the crops are ripe. 秋季是繁忙的季节，庄稼成熟了。

　　ought v. aux. should, must (showing that it is your duty to do something)应当；应该

　　ought to 应当；应该

　　This work ought to be done at once. 这项工作应当马上就做。

　　examine vt. look at something or someone carefully检查；细看

　　All the machines will be examined. 所有机器都将检查一遍。

　　plenty n.[u] a large number; as much as you need 充足；大量；丰富

　　plenty of 许多；大量的

　　I have plenty to do. 我有很多事要做。

　　There is plenty of time; you need not be in such a hurry. 时间多得很，你用不着这样匆忙。

　　energy n. power to do a lot of work精力

　　He has much energy. 他精力充沛。

　　n. force or power to make things, machines, etc. move or work能，能量

　　The light energy comes from the sun. 光能来自太阳。

　　soft adj. with no alcohol不含酒精的

　　Lemonade is a soft drink. 柠檬水是一种不含酒精的饮料。

　　bar n. a relatively long, straight, rigid piece of solid material条；棒

　　a bar of chocolate 巧克力棒

　　fuel n. wood, coal, oil, etc. that you burn to make heat or power燃料；营养物

　　Coal, oil, wood and gas are fuels. 煤炭，石油，木柴和煤气都是燃料。

　　diet n. usual food饮食；食物

　　Cows have a diet of grass. 牛的食物是草。

　　n. special programme of food for people who are ill, etc.特种饮食

　　The physician put him on a special diet. 内科医生给他吃特定的食物。

　　calorie n. (=calory) 卡路里；卡（热量单位）

　　keep up with walk or drive as fast as another person or thing so that you are together跟上

　　She had to run to keep up with them. 她得跑着才能跟上他们。

　　pace n.[c] step步；步调

　　He stepped backward a pace or two. 他后退了一两步。

　　make a choice choose 做出选择

　　There were so many cakes that it was difficult to make a choice.

　　糕点那么多，以致挑选起来很困难。

　　nutrient n. a source of nourishment, especially a nourishing ingredient in a food

　　营养物 adj. providing nourishment 有营养的

　　nutrition n. nourishment营养

　　nutritious adj. 有营养的

　　protein n. body building substance essential to good health in such foods as milk, eggs蛋白质

　　Protein is the base of life. 蛋白质是生命的基础。

　　muscle n. that part of flesh which can be tightened and loosened to move parts of the body肌肉

　　When we walk, we exercise our leg muscles. 我们走路时，锻炼腿上的肌肉。

　　bean n. a vegetable seed we can eat 豆

　　calcium n.钙

　　dairy n. 牛奶场；乳制品

　　product n. a thing which is produced a result or work or growth产品；成果

　　Coffee is Brazils main product. 咖啡是巴西的主要产物。

　　carbohydrate n. a substance made up of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon, such as sugar碳水化合物（如糖）

　　Sugars and starchier are carbohydrates. 糖和淀粉是碳水化合物。

　　fiber n. 纤维；纤维制品

　　synthetic fiber 合成纤维

　　mineral n.[c] coal, tin, ore, gold, etc, that comes from under the ground 矿物，矿石

　　Coal and iron are minerals. 煤和铁都是矿物。

　　function v. work, run起作用；运行

　　I couldnt ring you because the phone wasnt functioning.我没法给你打电话，因为电话机坏了。

　　n. special work done by someone or something功能；作用

　　The function of the heart is to send blood round the body. 心脏的功能就是向全身输送血液。

　　vegetarian n.[c] 素食 (主义) 者

　　a strict vegetarian 严格的素食主义者(不仅不吃鱼、肉类,连蛋、牛奶、奶油也不吃)

　　vegan: [英]严格的素食主义者

　　Yoghurt [XjCgRt] n. 酸奶

　　eco-food XIkRuX n. 生态食品

　　organic adj. of or relating to the compounds of carbon有机的

　　organic chemistry 有机化学

　　chemical n. a chemical product化学制品

　　Edison planted vegetables in his garden and sold them to buy chemicals.

　　爱迪生在园子里种菜，卖掉菜再买化学药品

　　adj. of chemistry化学的

　　This change of state is a physical change and not a chemical one.

　　这种状态变化是物理变化，而不是化学变化。

　　balance v. make or keep something steady, so it does not fall; stay steady(使)平衡

　　Can you balance yourself on skates? 你穿冰鞋能保持平衡吗？

　　n. when two sides are the same; being steady平衡

　　the balance of nature 生态平衡

　　supplement n / v. 增补；补充

　　fit adj. healthy健康 adj. suited for合适

　　Keep fit, study hard and work well. 身体好，学习好，工作好。

　　The weather is not fit to go out in. 这种天气不宜外出。

　　unit n. one person, one thing; one group单位；单元

　　The family is often taken as the unit of society. 家庭通常被认为是社会的组成单位。

　　digest v. change (food) into a state in which the body can use it消化

　　Food is digested in the stomach. 食物在胃里消化了。

　　gain v. get sth. more, not to lose增加；获得

　　The masses gain experience through struggle. 群众通过斗争可以取得经验。

　　sleepy adj. tired; wanting to sleep困乏的；瞌睡的

　　I feel sleepy,so Im going to bed. 我感到困倦，要去睡觉了。

　　refuel v. 补给燃料；补充能量

　　now and then now and again; occasionally 时而；不时

　　brain n.[c] the grey substance in the head, with which one thinks脑

　　The brain is the organ of thought. 大脑是思维器官。

　　n.[c] mind; intelligence 头脑（常用复数）

　　 I wish I had your brains. 但愿我有你那个（好）脑筋。

　　peel vt. 剥皮；去皮 n.[u] 水果 [蔬菜 (等) ] 的皮

　　 peel a banana [potatoes] 剥香蕉 [削马铃薯] 的皮

　　orange [lemon] peel 桔子 [柠檬] 的皮

　　recipe n. 烹饪法；食谱

　　roll-up n. 卷；卷状食品

　　roll up make or put into the form of a roll; take the form of a cylinder of ball (使)成卷形

　　Rolling up his trousers, he worked with the others in the fields.

　　他卷起裤腿和别人一道在田里干了起来。

　　tasty adj. good to eat美味的；可口的

　　This fish is very tasty. 这鱼很可口。

　　ingredient n. one of the parts of a mixture成份；配料

　　Eggs are the main ingredients of omelets. 煎蛋卷的主要成份是鸡蛋。

　　mushroom n. [c] 蘑菇；菌类植物

　　chop vt. cut into very small pieces; cut roughly剁碎 vt. cut by striking with a knife, axe, etc.砍

　　chop wood into pieces 把木头劈碎 chop down a tree 把树枝砍倒

　　steam vt. cook something in steam蒸煮 vi. give out steam蒸发

　　Shall we steam or fry the fish? 这鱼我们是蒸还是炸？

　　The kettle was steaming on the stove. 炉子上的壶正在冒热气。

　　boil vt. cook something in very hot water煮

　　She boiled rice in the kitchen. 她在厨房里煮饭。

　　vi. to become hot and change from liquid to gas沸；开

　　When water boils, it changes into steam. 水沸腾时就变成蒸汽。

　　bacon n. 咸肉；熏肉

　　lettuce n. 莴苣

　　use lettuce in a salad 用莴苣做色拉

　　mixture n.[c] group or mass of different things混合物（体）

　　Air is a mixture of gases. 空气是各种气体的混合物。

　　spoonful n.[c] 一汤匙 (的量) [of]

　　a spoonful of salt 一汤匙盐

　　slice vt. cut something into slices切成片

　　Mother sliced the loaf. 妈妈把面包切成了薄片。

　　n. thin piece that one cuts off bread, meat, or other food 片；薄片；切片

　　Please cut a slice of bread for me. 请给我切一片面包。

　　dice v. 把切成小方块 n. 小方块

　　stir vt. move a spoon, etc, round and round to mix something搅拌；搅起

　　Have you stirred your tea? 你的茶搅和过了吗？